Chemical colitis

Chemical colitis is colon inflammation triggered by harsh chemicals entering the large intestine, often through enemas or medical procedures. Soap enemas are a known cause, along with substances like alcohol, radiocontrast agents, glutaraldehyde, formalin, ergotamine, various acids, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, herbal remedies, chloroxylenol, and potassium permanganate.

Accidental exposure can happen during colonoscopy, while intentional use occurs in sexual practices, suicide attempts, or colon cleanses. Symptoms are vague and include diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and abdominal pain. Most cases resolve with supportive care, but severe damage from caustic substances may require surgical removal of part of the colon.