Conifers And Gymnosperms Codexery

Pinus strobus

Tallest eastern North American pine, symbol of the Haudenosaunee Tree of Peace.

Last updated

It can reach heights over 50 m and diameters up to 1.6 m in modern stands.[1][2] Eastern white pine, the common name for Pinus strobus, is a big evergreen tree whose natural range covers the eastern part of North America.[3] The Haudenosaunee consider this tree the central emblem of their confederation, referring to it as the "Tree of Peace".[4]

Scientific classification

  1. CladeTracheophytes
  2. CladeGymnosperms
  3. ClassPinopsida
  4. OrderPinales
  5. FamilyPinaceae
  6. GenusPinus
  7. GenusPinus
  8. SpeciesPinus strobus

Named by L.

Close relatives

Other species of Pinus with a Codexery entry.

Sources: Wikipedia taxobox: Pinus strobus (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Conservation status

Least Concern (LC)

  1. LC▲ this species
  2. NT
  3. VU
  4. EN
  5. CR
  6. EW
  7. EX
Population trend
Not held in our sources — see the assessment
Assessment published
2013

Source: IUCN Red List assessment · GBIF copy of the Red List category

How big is it?

Size comparison: Pinus strobus and a personA 0.16 m long pinus strobus drawn to scale next to a 1.8 m tall person. Schematic shapes, not a likeness.0.16 m1.8 m

Largest length in the source, 0.16 m, next to a 1.8 m person.

Diagram: drawn by Codexery, schematic shapes to scale (not a likeness). Length: Wikipedia: Pinus strobus

Key facts and history

The species occurs from Newfoundland west to southeastern Manitoba and south along the Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia.[5] Needles occur in fascicles of five, with a deciduous sheath.[6] Seed cones are mostly 8-20 cm long and mature in two years.[6] Measurements by the Native Tree Society show that the tallest living individuals today range from 50 to 57.55 m in height.[1]

During the early part of the 20th century, white pine blister rust caused death rates of 50 to 80 percent in mature groves.[7]

What the cited sources add

The Menominee Forest Keepers account describes ancient white pines at least 15 feet in circumference and soaring 200 feet into the sky in a northern forest with no trails.[8] The same source reports trees measured at 210 feet long with stems 5 to 7 feet in diameter and ages between 350 and 425 years.[9]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Pinus strobus" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Beck, D.E., "Height-Growth Patterns and Site Index of White Pine in the Southern Appalachians", Forest Science, 1971, p. 252–260; "NTS—Native Tree Society"; Curtis, "The Vegetation of Wisconsin: An Ordination of Plant Communities", The University of Wisconsin Press, 1959, p. 204–205 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Pinus strobus" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Grimm, "The Book of Trees", The Stackpole Company, 1966, p. 41 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Pinus strobus" (CC BY-SA 4.0) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Pinus strobus" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Graymont, "The Iroquois", Infobase Publishing, 2009, p. 21; Chafe, "A Grammar of the Seneca Language", University of California Press, 2015, p. 18; "Mohawk Basic Knowledge"; "Pine", Mi'gmaq-Mi'kmaq Online Dictionary; Francis, "Passamaquoddy-Maliseet Language Portal"; "White Pine", Western Abenaki Dictionary (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Pinus strobus" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: ; "Plants Profile for Pinus strobus (eastern white pine)", www.plants.usda.gov (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Pinus strobus" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "A Field Guide to Trees of Ontario", Royal Ontario Museum, 2023 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Pinus strobus" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Ling, "The Eastern White Pine", Native Plant Society of NJ Newsletter Winter 2003, 2003, p. 2–3; Lombard, "White Pine Blister Rust", New Hampshire Division of Forests and Lands, 1999; Grimm, "The Book of Trees", The Stackpole Company, 1966, p. 41 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Johnson, "Menominee Forest Keepers". facts only, no text reused. americanforests.org
  9. Wikipedia, "Pinus strobus" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Pike, "Tall Trees, Tough Men", W. W. Norton & Company, 1999, p. 23 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Pinus strobus (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

Related entries

Same family (Pinaceae)

Picea abies Picea abiesPicea engelmannii Picea engelmanniiPicea glauca Picea glaucaPicea mariana Picea marianaPicea sitchensis Picea sitchensis

Named in this entry

Pine

More in Conifers And Gymnosperms

Pinus sylvestrisPinus taedaPodocarpaceaeProgymnospermSequoiadendron giganteumSpruceTaxaceaeTaxodium distichumTaxus brevifoliaTaxusTsugaPicea rubens

Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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