Law of Poland
Poland's civil law system with codified public and private laws.
The law of Poland has developed over more than 1,000 years, with public and private laws codified. The supreme law is the Constitution of Poland, and the legal system is a civil law jurisdiction. Legislation is created by the Polish parliament, consisting of the Senat (upper house) and the Sejm (lower house).
- Field
- Civil law legal system
- Nationality
- Poland
- Known for
- Codified civil code, commercial code, and multiple definitions of entrepreneur
- Governing document
- Constitution of Poland
- Legislature
- Senat and Sejm
Lore & Background
Polish law has been developing since the first centuries of Polish history, over 1,000 years ago. The public and private laws of Poland are codified, with the Constitution of Poland as the supreme law. The parliament, composed of the Senat and the Sejm, creates legislation. New Polish law is published in Dziennik Ustaw and Monitor Polski.
Reader's Guide
Polish law covers numerous areas including civil, commercial, copyright, administrative, constitutional, private international, tax, criminal, family, labour, water, media, traffic, and geology and mining law. The legal system is administered by the judiciary and enforced by law enforcement. In company law, there is no universal definition of 'company' or 'business'; the term 'przedsiębiorca' (entrepreneur) has at least thirteen definitions across various acts, and 'działalność gospodarcza' (economic activity) has at least six definitions. Entities may register as entrepreneurs in the Central Registration and Information on Business (CEIDG) or in the National Court Register (KRS). The most popular legal form for foreign investments is the limited liability company (spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością).
Did You Know?
- Polish law has been developing for over 1,000 years.
- The term 'przedsiębiorca' (entrepreneur) has at least thirteen different definitions in Polish law.
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