Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
Father of Modern Bhutan
Last updated
From 30 March 1952 until his death in 1972, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck served as Bhutan's monarch.[1] His birth occurred in 1928 at Trongsa's Thruepang Palace.[2] While undergoing medical care in Nairobi for a heart ailment, he passed away in July 1972.[3]
Life and work
Wangchuck was educated in a British manner in Kalimpong and at Bishop Cotton School in Simla.[4] He married Ashi Kesang Choden Wangchuck on 5 October 1951 at Ugyen Pelri Palace in Paro.[4] By his death, more than 1200 km of road had been built in Bhutan.[5] The National Assembly of Bhutan was inaugurated by Wangchuck at Punakha Dzong in 1953.[6]
In 1959, the National Assembly enacted the Thrimzhung Chenmo, also called the Supreme Law.[7] The Royal Bhutan Army was formally created in 1963, and new government ministries were set up in 1968.[8]
What the cited sources add
The biography also records that he established Simtokha Rigzhung Lobdra in 1967 to nurture traditional scholars.[6][9] Karma Ura's 1995 historical novel describes how bonded labourers on royal lands were made into tenants and sharecroppers after Wangchuck became King.[10][11] According to a 2008 biography from The Centre for Bhutan Studies, Wangchuck's modernization efforts did not undermine Bhutan's cultural traditions.[6][9] That same biography describes him as an early environmental leader within the region.[6][9]
References
- Wikipedia, "Jigme Dorji Wangchuck" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Patron Kings Part XI: King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck of Bhutan", Khyentse Foundation; "Holidays Around the World: Bhutan Third King's Death"; "WANGCHUCK DYNASTY. 100 Years of Enlightened Monarchy in Bhutan. Lham Dorji" (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Jigme Dorji Wangchuck" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Tshewang, "'Brug gi rgyal rabs: 'Brug gsal ba'i sgron me", National Library, 1994 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Jigme Dorji Wangchuck" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Patron Kings Part XI: King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck of Bhutan", Khyentse Foundation (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Jigme Dorji Wangchuck" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Michael, "The Raven Crown: The Origins of Buddhist Monarchy in Bhutan", Serindia Publications, 2005 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Jigme Dorji Wangchuck" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Jigme Dorji Wangchuck Is Dead; King of Tiny Himalayan Bhutan", New York Times, 1972-07-23; dpal ‘brug zhib ‘jug lte ba, "'brug brgyd 'zin gyi rgyel mchog gsum pa mi dwang 'jigs med rdo rjé dwang phyug gi rtogs brjod bzhugs so (The Biography of the Third King of Bhutan)", The Centre for Bhutan Studies, 2008 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Jigme Dorji Wangchuck" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: dpal ‘brug zhib ‘jug lte ba, "'brug brgyd 'zin gyi rgyel mchog gsum pa mi dwang 'jigs med rdo rjé dwang phyug gi rtogs brjod bzhugs so (The Biography of the Third King of Bhutan)", The Centre for Bhutan Studies, 2008 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Jigme Dorji Wangchuck" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Royal Court of Justice , Thimphu, Bhutan (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Jigme Dorji Wangchuck" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Resolutions Adopted During the 28th Session of the National Assembly of Bhutan , National Assembly of Bhutan (1968), Thimphu (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Open Library record, ISBN 9789993614494 ("'Brug brgyud 'dzin gyi rgyal mchog gsum pa mi dbang 'jigs med rdo rje dbang phyug mchog gi rtogs brjod"). CC0 (metadata); book content not read. openlibrary.org
- Wikipedia, "Jigme Dorji Wangchuck" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Ura, "The Hero with a Thousand Eyes, A Historical Novel", Karma Ura, 1995 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Open Library record, ISBN 9788175250017 ("The hero with a thousand eyes"). CC0 (metadata); book content not read. openlibrary.org
Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Jigme Dorji Wangchuck (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.
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Sources
Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.
- Wikipedia: Jigme Dorji Wangchuck (CC BY-SA 4.0).
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