Asian & Middle Eastern Monarchs & Strongmen Codexery

Islam Karimov

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His death on 2 September 2016 resulted from a stroke, concluding 25 years of authoritarian rule.[1][2]

Life and work

He worked his way up in the Uzbek State Planning Committee from 1966 to 1986, becoming Minister of Finance and chairman of the State Planning Committee.[3] Karimov declared Uzbekistan an independent republic on 31 August 1991 and won the subsequent presidential election with 86% of the vote.[4] His term was extended until 2000 through a 1995 referendum where 99.6% of voters favoured the extension.[5] Karimov was reelected in 2000 with 91.9% of the vote, and the United States said the election "was neither free nor fair"[6][7]

He won further terms in 2007 with 88.1% and in 2015 with 90.39% of the vote.[8][9] A mechanical engineering degree from the Central Asian Polytechnic Institute was awarded to him in 1960, and he subsequently obtained a master's degree in economics in 1967.[10] Allegations of state-run propaganda and a falsified vote count were made by foreign observers and the opposition, who cited voting irregularities.[11]

What the cited sources add

A 2010 report on the Andijan unrest, based on refugee accounts, stated that some 400 of 500 protesters were killed after being driven into a trap where snipers and police shot to kill.[12] Yakubov also accused the government of pursuing a policy of "false flag" terrorism by orchestrating attacks and blaming them on Islamist militants.[13] An NBC News report from the same day noted that Uzbekistan had never seen a transition of power, leaving analysts worried about possible political unrest.[14] A BBC News report from 29 August 2016 stated that Karimov's daughter confirmed he had suffered a brain haemorrhage and was in intensive care.[15]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Uzbek Leader Islam Karimov Was A Dictator In The Classic Mould", Sky News; "Uzbekistan plunged into uncertainty by death of dictator Islam Karimov", the Guardian, 2016-09-02; Schenkkan, "Islam Karimov and the Dictator's Playbook", Foreign Policy; "Islam Karimov: Uzbekistan president's death confirmed", BBC, 2 September 2016 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Медицинское заключение о болезни и причине смерти Ислама Абдуганиевича Каримова", Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Биография Ислама Каримова", Echo Moscow, 2 September 2016; Gulsen Aydin, Orta Dogu Teknik Universitesi, "Authoritarianism versus democracy in Uzbekistan: domestic and international factors" , (Ankara: METU, 2004). (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Биография Ислама Каримова", Echo Moscow, 2 September 2016; Armanini, "Politics and Economics of Central Asia", Nova Publishers, 2002, p. 35–36 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Bivens, Matt. Kazakhstan Leader Tightens Grip on Reins of Power . Los Angeles Times, 1995-04-23. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Uzbekistan Human Rights Practices . United States Department of State, 1995 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: US slams Uzbek election as unfree, unfair and laughable EurasiaNet (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Uzbek Incumbent Wins Presidential Poll Without 'Genuine Choice'" , Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 24 December 2007.; Halpin, "Torture an iron fist and twisted logic set stage for Islam Karimovs landslide victory", The Times, 21 December 2007; Uzbek Leader's Re-Election Dismissed as Charade . Iwpr.net. Retrieved on 4 April 2012. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  9. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Uzbek leader Karimov wins presidential election by landslide", The Globe and Mail, 30 March 2015 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  10. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Биография Ислама Каримова", Echo Moscow, 2 September 2016 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  11. Wikipedia, "Islam Karimov" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Armanini, "Politics and Economics of Central Asia", Nova Publishers, 2002, p. 36 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  12. Andijan Refugees' Report Yields New Findings on 2005 Massacre by Government Forces . EurasiaNet.org (13 November 2010). Retrieved on 2012-04-04.. facts only, no text reused. eurasianet.org
  13. Former Uzbek Spy Accuses Government Of Massacres, Seeks Asylum . Rferl.org. Retrieved on 4 April 2012.. facts only, no text reused. rferl.org
  14. "Uzbek leader's illness raises fears of power vacuum amid mounting threat", NBC News, 29 August 2016. facts only, no text reused. nbcnews.com
  15. "Uzbek President Islam Karimov suffers stroke", BBC News, 29 August 2016. facts only, no text reused. bbc.co.uk

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Islam Karimov (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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