Wrestling at the 2016 Summer Olympics

The 2016 Summer Olympics wrestling competition was held from August 14 to 21 at Carioca Arena 2 in Rio de Janeiro's Barra da Tijuca district. The sport featured two styles: freestyle and Greco-Roman. Men entered events in both disciplines, while women competed only in freestyle, for a total of 18 gold medals. Wrestling has been part of every modern Summer Games except for the 1900 Paris Olympics.

Approximately 344 athletes took part across 18 weight classes. In September 2013, the International Olympic Committee and FILA (now United World Wrestling) overhauled the sport's rules. One weight class was removed from both men's freestyle and Greco-Roman, making room for two additional women's weight categories. The competition format also changed to a single-round tournament with a six-minute time limit, replacing the previous two-round or tiebreaker system.

Each division had 38 male or 18 female competitors, plus six additional spots reserved for the host nation or allocated by the tripartite commission. Wrestlers were drawn by lot and competed in qualification rounds to narrow the field to 16. From there, a simple knockout bracket determined the two finalists, who wrestled for gold and silver. The athletes defeated by each finalist in the three or four bouts leading to the final entered two separate repechage brackets; the winner of each repechage received a bronze medal. Coaches could challenge a call by tossing a plush doll of Vinicius, the Olympic mascot, into the ring.

Two sessions were held each day except the last. On most days, the first session (qualification and elimination) ran from 10:00 to 13:00 BRT, and the second (repechage, bronze, and gold medal matches) from 16:00 to 19:00 BRT. On the final day, August 21, the schedule shifted to 08:30–11:15 and 12:45–15:15 BRT to accommodate the evening closing ceremony.