Wrestling at the 1904 Summer Olympics

At the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, seven wrestling events took place, all in the freestyle style, which was then called catch wrestling. This was the first time freestyle wrestling appeared at the Olympics; the 1896 Games had only featured Greco-Roman wrestling. Weight classes were introduced for the first time in Olympic wrestling. The sport has remained on the Olympic program ever since. The competition also served as that year's Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) Catch Wrestling Championships.

A total of 44 wrestlers competed. The United States entered 40 athletes, while Germany and Norway each had two, and Canada and Switzerland each had one. The nationalities of several medalists are disputed because many American competitors were recent immigrants who had not yet become U.S. citizens. Since 2024, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has used the National Olympic Committee (NOC) affiliation of the athlete's club or team to determine participation and medals for the first three Olympics (1896–1904).

Frank Kugler of Germany, a member of the St. Louis Southwest Turnverein team, won three individual medals: one silver in wrestling and two bronzes in weightlifting. He also competed on the American St. Louis Southwest Turnverein tug of war team, which won a bronze medal. Kugler became a U.S. citizen in 1913. His silver medal in the freestyle heavyweight event is credited to the United States.

Norwegian-American wrestlers Charles Ericksen and Bernhoff Hansen each won a gold medal. The IOC originally listed them as competing for the United States, but in 2012, Norwegian historians found evidence that Ericksen did not receive U.S. citizenship until March 22, 1905, and that Hansen likely never did. The Norwegian Olympic Committee formally requested a change in their nationality in the IOC's medal database. In July 2021, the IOC updated its records, recognizing both as having competed for Norway. However, both gold medals are still attributed to the United States because Ericksen and Hansen competed for the American club Brooklyn Norwegier Turnverein.

Swiss-American wrestler Gustav Tiefenthaler was born in Switzerland but moved to the United States as a child. He represented the South Broadway AC in St. Louis. At the Olympics, he wrestled one bout and lost, but earned a bronze medal in the freestyle light flyweight event.