Historical Figures Codexery

Hugo Chávez

Venezuelan president and leader of the Bolivarian Revolution

He founded the Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200 (MBR-200) in the early 1980s after becoming dissatisfied with the Puntofijo Pact political system.[1]

Quick Facts

Born
28 July 1954, Sabaneta, Barinas, Venezuela
Died
5 March 2013, Caracas, Venezuela
Field
Politics, military
Nationality
Venezuelan
Known for
  • President of Venezuela (1999–2013)
  • Bolivarian Revolution
  • Chavismo

Facts from the source article.

Life and work

Chávez was born on 28 July 1954 in his paternal grandmother's home in Sabaneta, Barinas State.[2] In 1977 he founded the Venezuelan People's Liberation Army, a revolutionary movement within the armed forces.[3] He later formed the Bolivarian Revolutionary Army-200, inspired by Simón Bolívar, Simón Rodríguez, and Ezequiel Zamora.[4] He founded the Fifth Republic Movement in July 1997 and won the 1998 presidential election with 56.2% of the vote.[5][6]

As president, Chávez enacted a new constitution in 1999 that renamed the country the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and extended presidential powers.[7][8][9] He launched social programs called Bolivarian missions using record-high oil revenues, nationalizing key industries and creating Communal Councils.[10] Following his 1994 release from prison, Chávez traveled to Cuba and met Fidel Castro, where he was accorded honors typically reserved for a head of state.[11][12] Chávez identified himself as a Marxist and formed alliances with the governments of Cuba, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Nicaragua.[13]

What the cited sources add

Carroll also described Chávez's presidency as turning Venezuela "into the Hugo Chávez show" through continuous stunts and distractions.[14] The book "Petro-Aggression" notes that Chávez launched his Sunday radio show Aló Presidente in May 2000.[15][16]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: McCoy, "The Unraveling of Representative Democracy in Venezuela", Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006, p. 310 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Beaumont 2006.; Rory, "Comandante : Hugo Chavez's Venezuela", New York, 2014, p. 193–94; Rory, "Comandante : Hugo Chavez's Venezuela", New York, 2014, p. 193–94 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Marcano and Tyszka 2007. p. 41. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Marcano and Tyszka 2007. pp. 48–49, 56.; "Leyendo a Hugo Chávez en el segundo aniversario de su muerte", La Marea, 5 March 2015 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Marcano and Tyszka 2007. p. 116.; Sylvia and Danopolous 2003. p. 66.; Marcano and Tyszka 2007. p. 119. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: ; ; ; ; ; "Venezuela's 1998: Presidential, Legislative, and Gubernatorial Elections: Election Observation Report", Election Observation Report, 12 February 1999, p. 12; "Elecciones Presidenciales Cuadro Comparativo 1958–2000", Consejo Nacional Electoral (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: International Crisis Group 2007. p. 05.; Rory, "Comandante : Hugo Chavez's Venezuela", New York, 2014, p. 41; International Crisis Group 2007. p. 06. (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Rory, "Comandante : Hugo Chavez's Venezuela", New York, 2014, p. 41; International Crisis Group 2007. p. 06.; International Crisis Group 2007. p. 06. (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  9. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: International Crisis Group 2007. p. 05.; "Venezuela Country report Freedom in the World 1999", Freedom House, 28 July 2016; Ma, "Will A Venezuelan Opposition Party's Election Victory Bring Real Change?", 19 December 2015 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  10. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: James, "Venezuela vote puts 'Chavismo' to critical test", Yahoo, 4 October 2012; "Social Panorama of Latin America 2014", ECLAC, March 2014, p. 91–92; Montilla K., "Hoy se inicia consulta nacional para el currículo educativo", El Nacional, 23 April 2014; Márquez, "Venezuela se declara libre de analfabetismo", Inter Press Service, 28 October 2005; "Propaganda, not policy", The Economist, 28 February 2008; Weisbrot, "'Illiteracy' Revisited: What Ortega and Rodríguez Read in the Household Survey", May 2008; "Hugo Chavez Leaves Venezuela Rich i en.wikipedia.org
  11. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Marcano and Tyszka 2007. pp. 104–05.; Maria Delgado, "Libro devela sangriento objetivo de la intentona golpista de Hugo Chávez", 16 February 2015; Marcano and Tyszka 2007. pp. 107–08. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  12. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Herrera, "El Legado: Frases y Pensamientos de Hugo Chávez", Softandnet, 21 September 2017; Márquez Sanabria 2018, p. 147 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  13. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Valery, "El marxismo según Chávez", BBC, 1 January 1970; Campos, "Chávez afirma que es "marxista" pero reconoce que todavía no ha leído "El Capital" en", Noticias24; Vinogradoff, "Chavez se declara marxista", ABC.es, 3 June 2010; "Chávez se declara marxista en un mensaje ante el Congreso", Edant.clarin.com, 16 January 2010 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  14. Rory Carroll, "Insult, provoke, repeat: how Donald Trump became America's Hugo Chávez", The Guardian, 22 June 2016. facts only, no text reused. theguardian.com
  15. Wikipedia, "Hugo Chávez" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Colgan, "Petro-Aggression: When Oil Causes War", Cambridge University Press, 31 January 2013, p. 209; Colgan, "Petro-Aggression: When Oil Causes War", Cambridge University Press, 31 January 2013, p. 209; Marcano and Tyszka 2007. pp. 193–95.; Colgan, "Petro-Aggression: When Oil Causes War", Cambridge University Press, 31 January 2013, p. 209 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  16. Open Library record, ISBN 9781107029675 ("Petro-Aggression"). CC0 (metadata); book content not read. openlibrary.org

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Hugo Chávez (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

More in Notable Figures

Andrew JacksonAbraham LincolnFranklin D. RooseveltDwight D. EisenhowerChiang Kai-shekDeng XiaopingHirohitoPol PotJawaharlal NehruIndira GandhiFrancis II, Holy Roman EmperorJosip Broz Tito

Elsewhere in Historical Figures

Antonio Canova · Artists & ComposersAriovistus · Rulers & LeadersCamille Desmoulins · Rulers & LeadersJohann Gustav Droysen · Scientists & InventorsWendy Hiller · Writers & JournalistsGrace Kelly · Writers & Journalists

Spotted an error? Know more?

Reader corrections go straight into our review queue. Suggest an edit · How this site is sourced

Comments

Loading…
Open in the interactive codex →