Anwar Sadat
Third President of Egypt, leader of the October War and architect of the Camp David Accords
Anwar Sadat was the Egyptian president who made peace with Israel and was assassinated in 1981.[1][2][3] He was born on 25 December 1918 in Mit Abu El Kom, Egypt, to a poor family with 14 siblings.[4]
Quick Facts
- Birth name
- Muhammad Anwar es-Sadat
- Order
- 3rd
- Office
- President of Egypt
- Left office
- 6 October 1981
- Predecessor
- Gamal Abdel Nasser
- Successor
- Sufi Abu Taleb (acting); Hosni Mubarak
Facts from the source article.
Life and work
During World War II, he collaborated with Nazi Germany in Egypt as part of Operation Salam.[5] He was arrested and imprisoned for much of the war after discussing a coup plot with German agents.[5] Sadat participated in the 1952 military coup that overthrew King Farouk I.[6][7] In 1973, Sadat launched the Yom Kippur War with Syria against Israeli forces.[8][7]
He visited Jerusalem in 1977, the first Arab leader to officially visit Israeli-controlled territory.[9][7] He was assassinated on 6 October 1981 by militants during a military parade in Cairo.[1][3] In 1938, having completed his studies at Cairo's Royal Military Academy, Sadat received a posting to the Signal Corps.[10] As a consequence of the peace agreement, Egypt's membership in the Arab League was suspended from 1979 until 1989.[1][11]
What the cited sources add
Alterman notes that there is not yet an authoritative biography of Sadat in either Arabic or English.[12] The same source states that Sadat's political ascendance began with his matriculation in the military academy.[12] Alterman reports that the Central Intelligence Agency estimated Sadat would last no longer than six months in office.[12] The same source states that Sadat refused to approve any negotiation with the PLO.[13]
The Al Jazeera profile states that Sadat caused controversy with his 1977 visit to Israel.[7]
References
- Wikipedia, "Anwar Sadat" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Peace with Israel", Country Studies; "Peace with Israel", Country Studies; "Peace with Israel", Country Studies; Graham, "Middle East Peace Talks: Israel, Palestinian Negotiations More Hopeless Than Ever", HuffPost, 21 August 2010; Vatikiotis, "The History of Modern Egypt", Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992, p. 443; Gwertzman, "Egypt and Israel Sign Formal Treaty, Ending a State of War After 30 Years; Sadat and Begin Praise Carter's Role", The New York Times, March 26, 1979 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Anwar Sadat" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Anwar Al-Sadat" (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Anwar Sadat" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "1981 Year in Review", United Press International, 1981 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Anwar Sadat" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Profile: Anwar Sadat The former Egyptian president believed a peace deal with Israel was vital to end wars.", Al Jazeera, 25 January 2010; "Sadat's Brother Reported Killed During October War", The New York Times, 6 January 1974 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Anwar Sadat" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Zongker, "New play 'Camp David' retraces 1978 peace accord", AP News, 4 April 2014; Sadat, "Revolt on the Nile", Allan Wingate, 1957, p. 35; Sādāt, "In search of identity: an autobiography", Harper & Row, 1978, p. 18; Sadat, "Revolt on the Nile", Allan Wingate, p. 43–44; Sādāt, "In search of identity: an autobiography", Harper & Row, 1978, p. 33–42 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Anwar Sadat" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Alterman, "Sadat and His Legacy: Egypt and the World, 1977–1997", The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, April 1, 1998 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- "Profile: Anwar Sadat The former Egyptian president believed a peace deal with Israel was vital to end wars.", Al Jazeera, 25 January 2010. facts only, no text reused. aljazeera.com
- Wikipedia, "Anwar Sadat" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Kordunsky, "The Egyptian Military's Huge Historical Role", National Geographic, 5 July 2013 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Anwar Sadat" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Regev, "Looking back at Egypt's Anwar Sadat's historic Jerusalem visit, 45 years ago – opinion", The Jerusalem Post, November 24, 2022; "Egyptian President Sadat's Speech in Jerusalem (1977)", Economic Cooperation Foundation; Berenji, "Sadat and the Road to Jerusalem: Bold Gestures and Risk Acceptance in the Search for Peace", International Security, 1 July 2020, p. 127–163 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Anwar Sadat" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Alagna, "Anwar Sadat", The Rosen Publishing Group, 2004 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Anwar Sadat" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Pace, "Anwar el-Sadat, the Daring Arab Pioneer of Peace with Israel", The New York Times, 7 October 1981; Pace, "Anwar el-Sadat, the Daring Arab Pioneer of Peace with Israel", The New York Times, 7 October 1981; Pace, "Anwar el-Sadat, the Daring Arab Pioneer of Peace with Israel", The New York Times, 7 October 1981 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Alterman, "Sadat and His Legacy: Egypt and the World, 1977–1997", The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, April 1, 1998. facts only, no text reused. washingtoninstitute.org
- "Peace with Israel", Country Studies. facts only, no text reused. countrystudies.us
Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Anwar Sadat (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.
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