Where Cardinal fish has been recorded

Countries and areas with the most records (GBIF)

France — 5,534 records; Spain — 1,484 records; Greece — 753 records; Italy — 289 records; Croatia — 84 records; Nigeria — 78 records; Portugal — 61 records; Malta — 58 records; Gabon — 57 records; Ghana — 56 records; Liberia — 48 records; Côte d’Ivoire — 46 records; Israel — 30 records; Lebanon — 29 records; Türkiye — 28 records.

Source: GBIF Occurrence Search (taxonKey 5211775) — https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=5211775&has_coordinate=true (records CC0 / CC BY). Accessed 2026-09-25.

Marine regions with a WoRMS distribution record

Azores Exclusive Economic Zone; Israeli part of the Mediterranean Sea - Eastern Basin.

Source: WoRMS distribution records (MarineRegions) — https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=273021 (CC BY 4.0). Accessed 2026-09-25.

How to read this map

The map plots a sample of 3,000 of the 8,838 records, deduplicated to a half-degree grid, so dense areas do not merge into one blob. The sample covers 15 of the 38 countries or areas with records; the areas absent from the sample hold 494 records in total (Nigeria, Gabon, Ghana, Liberia, Côte d’Ivoire, Israel, Lebanon, Cameroon).

81 records plotting inland were omitted: for a marine species those are almost always the holding institution's coordinates rather than a collection site.

Records show where the species has been observed and reported, not a modelled range.

Source: GBIF Occurrence Search (taxonKey 5211775) — https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=5211775&has_coordinate=true (records CC0 / CC BY); WoRMS distribution records (MarineRegions) — https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=273021 (CC BY 4.0); Natural Earth 110m basemap — https://www.naturalearthdata.com/ (public domain). Accessed 2026-09-25.