Political Leaders & Revolutionaries Codexery

Augusto Pinochet

Chilean army officer and military dictator who ruled from 1973 to 1990

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His regime was marked by widespread human rights abuses, including the torture and execution of thousands of political opponents.[1]

Key facts and history

Pinochet was born in Valparaíso on 25 November 1915 and entered the Military School in Santiago in 1931.[1][2] He graduated as a second lieutenant in 1935 after studying military geography.[2] The United States had provided financial and intelligence support to the military before the coup.[3] In December 1974 the junta appointed Pinochet Supreme Head of the nation by joint decree.[4]

Under the influence of the "Chicago Boys," his government implemented free-market economic reforms including privatization of state enterprises and social security.[5] The 11 September 1973 military coup ended the civilian rule of Allende's democratically elected socialist Unidad Popular government.[6][3] Pinochet left the presidency in 1990, but he remained the Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Army until 1998.[7]

What the research sources say

Townley's confessions describe a December 1976 mission in Paris to murder two leftist opposition officials.[8] OpinionGlobal states that the economic crisis under Allende generated conditions for Pinochet's 17-year dictatorship.[9]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Augusto Pinochet" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Augusto Pinochet Steps Down (Chile)", EBSCO (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Augusto Pinochet" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Chile: The lesser known years of Gen Augusto Pinochet's life", BBC News, 10 December 2015 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Augusto Pinochet" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: CIA, "CIA Activities in Chile", Chile Documentation Project, 19 September 2000, p. 13; DIA, "Chile: The Military May Attempt a Coup Against the Allende Government on 10 September...," Top Secret UMBRA, Intelligence Summary, September 8, 1973, pp. ; Winn, Peter. 2010. "Furies of the Andes ." pp. 239–275 in A Century of Revolution, edited by G. M. Joseph and G. Grandin. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. . R; Kornbluh, Peter. 2013. The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability. The New Press. .; Qureshi, Lubna en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Augusto Pinochet" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Cavallo, Ascanio, et al. 1997. La Historia Oculta del Régimen Militar, Grijalbo, Santiago. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Augusto Pinochet" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: González, "The Privatization Origins of Political Corporations: Evidence from the Pinochet Regime", The Journal of Economic History, 2020, p. 417–456; Esberg, "Censorship as Reward: Evidence from Pop Culture Censorship in Chile", American Political Science Review, 2020, p. 821–836 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Augusto Pinochet" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Augusto Pinochet: Timeline", Canada Broadcasting Company, 11 December 2006 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Augusto Pinochet" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Augusto Pinochet: Timeline", Canada Broadcasting Company, 11 December 2006; Chang, "Vocal minority praises Pinochet at his funeral", Bradenton Herald, 13 December 2006; Larry Rohter, Colonel's Death Gives Clues to Pinochet Arms Deals , The New York Times, 19 June 2006 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  8. "The Pinochet Dictatorship Declassified: Confessions of a DINA Hit Man", National Security Archive, 22 November 2023. facts only, no text reused. nsarchive.gwu.edu
  9. Moreno León, "La crisis en Chile y el fantasma de Allende", OpinionGlobal, 21 November 2019. facts only, no text reused. opinionglobal.cl

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Augusto Pinochet (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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Test yourself

Three questions drawn from this entry’s sources. Pick an answer to check it.

1. In what year was Augusto Pinochet born?

Correct.

Not quite. The answer is 1915.

From the source: “Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte was born in Valparaíso on 25 November 1915 to a regular middle-class family.”

2. In what year did Augusto Pinochet die?

Correct.

Not quite. The answer is 2006.

From the source: “By the time of his death on 10 December 2006, about 300 criminal charges were still pending against him in Chile for numerous human rights violations during his 17-year rule, as well as tax evasion and embezzlement during and after his rule”

3. In which place was Augusto Pinochet born?

Correct.

Not quite. The answer is Valparaíso, Chile.

Answers checked against the source article

Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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