Psychopathy
A personality construct marked by impaired empathy and antisocial behavior.
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A personality construct characterized by reduced empathy and remorse, ongoing antisocial conduct, and traits like boldness, disinhibition, and egocentricity defines psychopathy.[1] An appearance of normalcy is produced by superficial charm and stress immunity, which frequently conceal these underlying characteristics.[2] Psychopathy remains a topic of ongoing scientific investigation, and the term appears in common parlance and fictional narratives.[3]
Key facts and history
The DSM and ICD subsequently introduced diagnoses of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and dissocial personality disorder (DPD).[4] The PCL-R was developed for research, not clinical forensic diagnosis.[5] Assessments of psychopathic characteristics are widely used in criminal justice settings in some nations.[3] Both Hervey M. Cleckley and George E. Partridge helped shape the early diagnostic standards for antisocial personality reaction/disturbance in the DSM.[4]
The development of ASPD and DPD diagnoses occurred because numerous classic psychopathic traits could not be objectively measured.[6]
What the cited sources add
The Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV) is a 20-item rating scale for assessing psychopathic traits in offenders aged 12 to 18.[7] The development of callous-unemotional behavior, a risk factor for psychopathy, was inhibited by high levels of positive reinforcement at 18 months by an adopted mother.[8] The Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) detects antisocial processes in young populations and is based on the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised.[9]
References
- Wikipedia, "Psychopathy" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Tracy, "Psychopathic Personality and How It Develops", HealthyPlace; Blackburn, "Handbook of Personology and Psychopathology", John Wiley & Sons, 2005, p. 271–291; Driessen, "Moral strategies and psychopathic traits", Journal of Abnormal Psychology, July 2021, p. 550–561; "Psychopathy: Antisocial, Criminal, and Violent Behavior", Guilford Press, 18 December 2002 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Psychopathy" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Schönthaler, "Psychopathic personality traits stress immunity and social potency moderate the relationship between emotional competence and cognitive functions in depression", Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2023-03-27; Patrick, "Triarchic conceptualization of psychopathy: Developmental origins of disinhibition, boldness, and meanness", Development and Psychopathology, August 2009, p. 913–938; Hare, "Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us", Guilford Press, September 2013; Stone, "The New Evil: Understanding the Emerge en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Psychopathy" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Hare Psychopathy Checklist"; Delisi, "The Hannibal Lecter Myth: Psychopathy and Verbal Intelligence in the MacArthur Violence Risk Assessment Study", Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 2010, p. 169–177; Hare, "Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us", Guilford Press, 1999, p. 22 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Psychopathy" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Partridge, "Current Conceptions of Psychopathic Personality", The American Journal of Psychiatry, July 1930, p. 53–99 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Psychopathy" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Skeem, "Psychopathic Personality: Bridging the Gap Between Scientific Evidence and Public Policy", Psychological Science in the Public Interest, December 2011, p. 95–162; Edens, "Psychopathic, not psychopath: Taxometric evidence for the dimensional structure of psychopathy", Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 2006, p. 131–144 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Psychopathy" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Skeem, "Psychopathic Personality: Bridging the Gap Between Scientific Evidence and Public Policy", Psychological Science in the Public Interest, December 2011, p. 95–162; Semple, "The Oxford Handbook of Psychiatry", Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 448–9; Patrick, "Handbook of Psychopathy", Guilford Press, September 2013; Hare, "Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Case of Diagnostic Confusion", Psychiatric Times, February 1, 1996; Hare, "Psychopathy and the DSM-IV criteria for antisocial personality disorder", Journal of Abn en.wikipedia.org
- Hare, "Psychopathy Scales: PCL:YV", Without Conscience. facts only, no text reused. hare.org
- "The Science of Preventing Dangerous Psychopathy", World of Psychology, 2017-01-21. facts only, no text reused. psychcentral.com
- Hare, "Psychopathy Scales: APSD", Without Conscience. facts only, no text reused. hare.org
Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Psychopathy (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.
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Sources
Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.
- Wikipedia: Psychopathy (CC BY-SA 4.0).
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