Suleiman the Magnificent
Ottoman sultan who expanded the empire and reformed its laws.
Suleiman I was the Ottoman sultan from 1520 to 1566, with his reign marking a peak in the empire's economic, military, and political power.[1] He was known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the West and as Kanuni or "The Lawgiver" to his Ottoman subjects.[2][3] His rule raised the empire's subjects to at least 25 million people.[1]
Quick Facts
- Reign
- 30 September 1520 – 6 September 1566
- Predecessor
- Selim I
- Successor
- Selim II
- Birthplace
- Trabzon, Trabzon Eyalet, Ottoman Empire
- Place of death
- Szigetvár, Kingdom of Hungary
- Burial place
- Organs buried at Turbék, Szigetvár, Hungary; Body buried at Süleymaniye Mosque, Istanbul, Turkey
Facts from the source article.
Life and work
Suleiman was born in Trabzon on the southern coast of the Black Sea, probably on 6 November 1494.[4] He succeeded his father Selim I on 30 September 1520 and began military campaigns against Christian powers.[5] Belgrade fell to him in 1521, Rhodes in 1522, and at Mohács in 1526 he broke the strength of the Kingdom of Hungary.[5] Suleiman was also a distinguished poet and goldsmith, overseeing the "Golden Age" of Ottoman artistic and literary development.[6]
Upon his death in 1566, he was succeeded by his and Hürrem's son Selim II.[7] In 1534, Suleiman departed from Ottoman custom by wedding Hürrem, a powerful figure from his harem.[7] Working alongside chief jurist Ebussuud Efendi, Suleiman's legal changes merged sultanic decrees with Islamic law.[6]
References
- Wikipedia, "Suleiman the Magnificent" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Ágoston, "Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire", 2009 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Suleiman the Magnificent" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Suleyman the Magnificent", Oxford University Press, 2004 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Suleiman the Magnificent" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Imber, "The Ottoman Empire, 1300–1650 : The Structure of Power", Palgrave Macmillan, 2002 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Suleiman the Magnificent" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Lowry, "Süleyman the Second [i.e. the First] and His Time", The Isis Press, 1993, p. 21; Fisher, "Süleymân The Second [i.e. the First] and His Time", Isis Press, 1993 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Suleiman the Magnificent" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Mansel, "Constantinople: City of the World's Desire, 1453–1924", 1998 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Suleiman the Magnificent" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Finkel, "Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire 1300–1923", Basic Books, 2005, p. 145; Atıl, "The Golden Age of Ottoman Art", Saudi Aramco World, July–August 1987, p. 24–33 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Suleiman the Magnificent" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Hathaway, "The Arab Lands under Ottoman Rule, 1516–1800", Pearson Education Ltd., 2008, p. 8; Tezcan, "The Second Ottoman Empire: Political and Social Transformation in the Early Modern Period", Cambridge University Press, 2010, p. 9; Woodhead, "The Ottoman World", 2011, p. 5; Şahin, "Empire and Power in the Reign of Süleyman: Narrating the Sixteenth-Century Ottoman World", Cambridge University Press, 2013; Tezcan, "The Second Ottoman Empire: Political and Social Transformation in the Early Modern Period", Cambridge University en.wikipedia.org
Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Suleiman the Magnificent (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.
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