Historical Figures Codexery

Ayman al-Zawahiri

Egyptian surgeon who led al-Qaeda after bin Laden.

He was born on 19 June 1951 in Giza, Egypt, to a prosperous and prestigious family.[1] From June 2011 until his death in July 2022, the Egyptian-born pan-Islamist militant and physician Ayman Mohammed Rabie al-Zawahiri served as al-Qaeda's second general emir.[2] The September 11 attacks had al-Zawahiri as one of their main orchestrators.[2]

Quick Facts

Born
19 June 1951
Birthplace
Giza, Egypt
Died
31 July 2022
Place of death
Kabul, Afghanistan
Cause of death
Drone strike
Order
2nd General Emir of al-Qaeda
Took office
16 June 2011

Facts from the source article.

Life and work

He married Azza Ahmed Nowari in 1978, and they had four daughters, a son, and a fifth daughter with Down syndrome.[3][4] Al-Zawahiri became the second emir of Egyptian Islamic Jihad and later merged that group into al-Qaeda in June 2001.[5][6] Following bin Laden's death in 2011, al-Zawahiri was announced as al-Qaeda's new leader on June 16, 2011.[7] He was killed in a U.S. drone strike on July 31, 2022.[2]

Because of his involvement in the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings, the United States indicted al-Zawahiri.[8]

What the cited sources add

The same monograph states that al-Zawahiri's paternal grandfather held the position of 34th Grand Imam of al-Azhar.[9] In 2017, Egypt's highest court cleared Mohamed Al-Zawahiri of terrorism charges, according to state-media.[10]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Ayman al-Zawahiri" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Ayman al-Zawahiri – Rewards For Justice"; "Security Council Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee Amends One Entry on Its Sanctions List", United Nations; Riedel, "The search for al Qaeda : its leadership, ideology, and future", Brookings Institution Press, 2010, p. 16; Jehl, "A Nation Challenged: Heir Apparent; Egyptian Seen As Top Aide And Successor To bin Laden", The New York Times, September 24, 2001; "Ayman al-Zawahiri Fast Facts", CNN, 4 August 2022 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Ayman al-Zawahiri" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Plummer, "Ayman al-Zawahiri: Al-Qaeda leader killed in US drone strike", BBC, 2 August 2022 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Ayman al-Zawahiri" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: El-Zayyat, Montasser, "Qaeda", 2004. tr. by Ahmed Fakry; El-Zayyat, Montasser, "Qaeda", 2004. tr. by Ahmed Fakry; Wright, pp. 43–44.; Wright, p. 370. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Ayman al-Zawahiri" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Wright, pp. 254–5. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Ayman al-Zawahiri" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Wright, p. 49.; Wright, p. 49. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Ayman al-Zawahiri" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Bergen, "The Rise and Fall of Osama bin Laden", Simon & Schuster, 2021, p. 142 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Ayman al-Zawahiri" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Who now becomes America's next most wanted terrorist?", May 3, 2011; "Al-Qaeda's remaining leaders", BBC News, June 16, 2015; Saad Abedine, "Jihadist websites: Ayman al-Zawahiri appointed al Qaeda's new leader", Cable News Network., June 16, 2011; "Al-Qaeda: No compromise on Palestine", June 16, 2011 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Ayman al-Zawahiri" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Copy of indictment: USA v. Usama bin Laden et al.", Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies; "Ayman al-Zawahiri", FBI Most Wanted Terrorists (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  9. Wikipedia, "Ayman al-Zawahiri" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Youssef H. Aboul-Enein, "Ayman Al-Zawahiri: The Ideologue of Modern Islamic Militancy", Air University – Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, March 2004, p. 1 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  10. "StackPath", dailynewsegypt.com, August 2017. facts only, no text reused. dailynewsegypt.com

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Ayman al-Zawahiri (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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