Historical Figures Codexery

Abd el-Krim

Revolutionary leader of the Rif Republic

Abd el-Krim was a Moroccan revolutionary and military leader who became president of the Republic of the Rif.[1] Ho Chi Minh, Mao Zedong, and Che Guevara were directly inspired by his guerrilla methods, which included pioneering the use of tunneling in modern warfare.[2]

Quick Facts

Born
12 January 1882
Died
6 February 1963
Place of death
Cairo, Egypt
Office
President of the Republic of the Rif
Prime minister
Hajj Hatmi
Took office
18 September 1921
Left office
27 May 1926
Allegiance
Republic of the Rif Republic of the Rif

Facts from the source article.

Life and work

Born in 1882 in Ajdir, Abd el-Krim was the son of a qadi of the Ait Youssef ou Ali clan.[3] During World War I he was noted as Germanophile and was arrested and imprisoned from 1916 to 1918.[4][5][6] He invaded French-occupied Morocco in April 1925, reaching as far as Fez.[6] After ten months of combat, he surrendered to the French on 26 May 1926.[7]

He was exiled to Réunion from 1926 to 1947, then moved to Cairo.[8][9] He died in 1963 after seeing the independence of Algeria.[8] He began his education at a local school in Ajdir, then attended an institute in Tetouan, and later studied at the Al Attarine and Saffarin madrasas in Fez before enrolling at the University of al-Qarawiyyin.[10] He initially served as a secretary in the Bureau of Native Affairs for the Spanish administration, and in 1915 he was appointed chief qadi for Melilla.[11]

What the cited sources add

In a 1952 interview, Abd el-Krim defined himself as an ethnic Berber and described Berbers as "advanced people, who have inherited many civilizations".[12] His memoirs trace his lineage to a patriarch named Zar'a from Yanbu in the Hejaz.[13] His daughter Aicha El Khattabi died on 20 September 2023 at age 81 in Casablanca.[14][15] King Mohammed VI conveyed condolences to her family, as reported by Moroccan state media.[14]

Her funeral was attended by Prince Moulay Rachid and she was buried in the Errahma cemetery.[16]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Montagne, "Abd el Krim", Politique étrangère, 1947, p. 301–324; Pennell 2004, p. 634 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Castro, "Fidel Castro: My Life - A Spoken Autobiography", p. 680; Er 2015, p. 1–23; Heptulla, "Indo-West Asian Relations: The Nehru Era", Allied Publishers, 1991, p. 125 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Tahtah 1999, p. 143; "Abd el-Krim Berber Leader, Moroccan Resistance Fighter Britannica", www.britannica.com (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Sánchez Pérez 1973, p. 137; Sánchez Pérez 1973, p. 137; La Porte 2017, p. 516 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Sánchez Pérez 1973, p. 137 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Abd el-Krim", Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2010, p. 18 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Abd el-Krim", Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2010, p. 18; The date of surrender is in dispute, as some sources say 27 May.; Cowley & Parker, p. 1.; Keegan & Wheatcroft, p. 2. (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Pierson, pp. 126-127. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  9. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Stenner, "Globalizing Morocco : transnational activism and the post-colonial state", 2019, p. 67; "Abd el-Krim", Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2010, p. 18 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  10. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Roger-Mathieu 1927, p. 56; Tahtah 1999, p. 143; Roger-Mathieu 1927, p. 56; "Abd el-Krim", Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2010, p. 18; (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  11. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Abd el-Krim", Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2010, p. 18; "Abd el-Krim", Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2010, p. 18 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  12. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Akher Saa : 1935 - 1952", January 1935 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  13. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: El Khattabi, "Mémoires de la Réunion", Bouregreg, 2017, p. 24–27 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  14. Ntungwabona, "King Mohammed VI Extends Condolences to Family of Late Aicha El Khattabi", Morocco World News, 23 September 2023, p. 1. facts only, no text reused. moroccoworldnews.com
  15. "Au Maroc, disparition de Aïcha El Khattabi, fille d'Abdelkrim – Jeune Afrique", JeuneAfrique.com, 2023-09-22. facts only, no text reused. jeuneafrique.com
  16. Wikipedia, "Abd el-Krim" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Ntungwabona, "King Mohammed VI Extends Condolences to Family of Late Aicha El Khattabi", Morocco World News, 23 September 2023, p. 1; "Au Maroc, disparition de Aïcha El Khattabi, fille d'Abdelkrim – Jeune Afrique", JeuneAfrique.com, 2023-09-22; "Late Aïcha El Khattabi Was a Patriot Viscerally Attached to Constants of the Kingdom (Associative Actors) MapNews", www.mapnews.ma, 21 September 2023; "Funeral in Casablanca of Late Aïcha El Khattabi, in Presence of Prince Moulay Rachid – The North Africa Post" (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Abd el-Krim (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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