Paul Cézanne
French Post-Impressionist painter who bridged Impressionism and Cubism
Unknown; Cézanne was born in 1839 and died in 1906 · via Wikipedia: Paul Cézanne · Public domain
Paul Cézanne was a French Post-Impressionist painter born on 19 January 1839 in Aix-en-Provence.[1][2] His work introduced new modes of representation and bridged late 19th-century Impressionism with early 20th-century Cubism.[1] He died of pneumonia on 22 October 1906.[3]
Quick Facts
- Born
- 19 January 1839
- Birthplace
- Aix-en-Provence, France
- Died
- 22 October 1906
- Resting place
- Saint-Pierre Cemetery
- Known for
- Painting
- Training
- Académie Suisse; Aix-Marseille University
- Movement
- Impressionism, Post-Impressionism
Facts from the source article.
Life and work
Cézanne entered the Collège Bourbon in Aix in 1852, where he became friends with Émile Zola and Baptistin Baille.[4] At his father's request, he enrolled in law school at the University of Aix from 1859 to 1861 but hated it.[3] He left Aix for Paris in 1861 to pursue his artistic development, encouraged by Zola.[5] In 1874, Cézanne participated in the first Impressionist group exhibition, where his works caused indignation and derision from critics.[6][7]
Cézanne's long friendship with Émile Zola became more distant after Zola published the novel L'Œuvre in March 1886.[8][9] Contemporary art critics initially responded to his paintings with mockery and a lack of understanding.[10] In 1890, a diagnosis of diabetes was given to Cézanne.[3]
What the cited sources add
The TotallyHistory account states that Cézanne's early art consisted of landscapes mainly from his imagination.[3] Cézanne once said, "Treat nature by cylinder, sphere, and cone," and explained, "I want to make of Impressionism something solid and lasting like the art in the museums".[3] His first exhibition was at the Salon des Refusés in 1863, which showed work rejected by the Paris Salon.[3] Cézanne did not want to go to war, so he and his girlfriend left Paris for l'Estaque to avoid conscription.[3]
His girlfriend Marie-Hortense Fiquet had a son, Paul, in January of 1872.[3] Cézanne's father started giving him 400 francs a month to support his family.[3] A bequest of 400,000 francs from his father freed Cézanne from any monetary concerns.[5][3]
References
- Wikipedia, "Paul Cézanne" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: ; (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Paul Cézanne" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: J. Lindsay Cézanne; his life and art, p. 6; "Louis Auguste Cézanne", Guarda-Mor, Edição de Publicações Multimédia Lda.; "Louis Auguste Cézanne", Guarda-Mor, Edição de Publicações Multimédia Lda. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- "Paul Cézanne", TotallyHistory, June 2011. facts only, no text reused. totallyhistory.com
- Wikipedia, "Paul Cézanne" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Paul Cézanne French artist"; "Paul Cézanne Biography (1839–1906)", Biography.com; A. Vollard, First Impressions, p. 14; "National Gallery of Art timeline, retrieved 11 February 2009", Nga.gov (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Paul Cézanne" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: J. Lindsay Cézanne; his life and art, p. 232 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Paul Cézanne" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Rewald, "The History of Impressionism", Museum of Modern Art, 1973, p. 318; "Exhibition Tonight with the Impressionists. Paris 1874 Musée d'Orsay", www.musee-orsay.fr (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Paul Cézanne" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Becks-Malorny, "Cézanne", p. 30; Leonhard, "Cézanne", p. 148; Adriani, "Cézanne. Life and Work", p. 17 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Paul Cézanne" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Adriani, "Paul Cézanne: Leben und Werk", p. 32 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Paul Cézanne" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Adrianni, "Cézanne. Life and Work", p. 33; "Paul Cézanne, Claude Lantier and Artistic Impotence, by Aruna D'Souza" (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Paul Cézanne" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Adriani, "Cézanne: Life and Work", p. 110 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Paul Cézanne (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.
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