Historical Figures Codexery

Filippo Brunelleschi

Founding father of Renaissance architecture and designer of the Florence Cathedral dome.

Filippo Brunelleschi

scan uploaded by Sailko, cropped by MenkinAlRire · via Wikipedia: Filippo Brunelleschi · Public domain

Filippo Brunelleschi was an Italian architect, designer, goldsmith, and sculptor born in 1377 and died on 15 April 1446.[1] Renaissance architecture is said to have a founding father in Filippo Brunelleschi.[2] The dome of Florence Cathedral and the mathematical linear perspective technique in art are what Brunelleschi is best known for.[2]

Quick Facts

Born
1377
Birthplace
Florence, Republic of Florence
Died
15 April 1446
Field
  • Architecture
  • sculpture
  • mechanical engineering
Movement
Early Renaissance

Facts from the source article.

Life and work

Brunelleschi was born in Florence, Italy, in 1377 to a notary and civil servant father and Giuliana Spini mother.[3][4][5] In December 1398 he became a master and joined the wool merchants' guild.[6] Around 1400 he competed to design bronze doors for the Florence Baptistery, but the jury praised Ghiberti's panel and Brunelleschi refused to collaborate.[7][4] He eventually abandoned sculpture to devote himself to architecture and optics.[8]

He designed the dome of Florence Cathedral, built from 1420 to 1436, using a double-shell structure and a new hoisting machine admired by Leonardo da Vinci.[9][10][11] His other works include the Old Sacristy of San Lorenzo, the Pazzi Chapel, and the Basilica of Santo Spirito.[10] The Ospedale degli Innocenti, a foundling hospital, was Brunelleschi's initial architectural commission, designed from 1419 to about 1445.[12] In 1421, a patent was granted to Brunelleschi by the city-state of Florence for a method of transporting heavy loads on the Arno River, the first such patent in the Western world.[2][13]

What the cited sources add

The patent grant provided Brunelleschi the right to exclude all new means of transport on the Arno River for three years.[13] A 2020 article notes that Leon Battista Alberti called Brunelleschi "Pippo" and praised his dome built without armature.[14] The same article states Brunelleschi curved the dome using a double vault, with the inner one self-supporting.[14] The "150 years – patents" source describes Brunelleschi's patent was for inventing a means of conveying large slabs of marble up the Arno River.[13]

An online exhibition shows Leonardo da Vinci sketched Brunelleschi's light hoist in the Codex Atlanticus.[15]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Il miracolo della cupola di "Pippo" Brunelleschi", corriere.it, 11 June 2020 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Bodart, "Renaissance & Mannerism", Sterling, 2008; Fanelli, "Brunelleschi", Harper & Row, 1980, p. 3; Kwong, "Six significant moments in patent history", Reuters, 2014-11-04; "150 years – patents", Wilsongunn.com; Campbell, "Italian Renaissance Art", Thames & Hudson, 2012, p. 95–97; Edgerton, "The Mirror, the Window, and the Telescope: How Renaissance Linear Perspective Changed Our Vision of the Universe", Cornell University Press, 2009; Fanelli, "Brunelleschi", Harper & Row, 1980, p. 3 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Bruschi, "Filippo Brunelleschi", Electa, 2006, p. 9 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Walker 2003, p. 5 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Manetti, "The Life of Brunelleschi", Pennsylvania State University Press, 1970, p. 36–38; Gärtner 1998, p. 11 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Fanelli, "Brunelleschi", Harper & Row, 1980, p. 3; Walker 2003, p. 5 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: These may have been meant to celebrate the signing of a treaty between Milan and Venice or the end of a deadly epidemic of the Black Death. . (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Paoletti, "Art in Renaissance Italy", Pearson Prentice Hall, 2012, p. 203–205; De la Croix, "Gardner's Art Through the Ages", Thomson/Wadsworth, 1991, p. 592 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  9. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Saalman, "Filippo Brunelleschi: The Cupola of Santa Maria del Fiore", A. Zwemmer, 1980; Prager, "Brunelleschi: Studies of his Technology and Inventions", The MIT Press, 1970 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  10. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Gärtner 1998, p. 11 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  11. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Leonardo da Vinci – Sketch of Brunelleschi's light hoist", Brunelleschi.imss.fi.it (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  12. Wikipedia, "Filippo Brunelleschi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Battisti, "Filippo Brunelleschi", Rizzoli, 1981 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  13. "150 years – patents", Wilsongunn.com. facts only, no text reused. wilsongunn.com
  14. "Il miracolo della cupola di "Pippo" Brunelleschi", corriere.it, 11 June 2020. facts only, no text reused. corriere.it
  15. "Leonardo da Vinci – Sketch of Brunelleschi's light hoist", Brunelleschi.imss.fi.it. facts only, no text reused. brunelleschi.imss.fi.it

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Filippo Brunelleschi (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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