Common Plants And Crops Codexery

Monocotyledon

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They are one of the most evolutionarily successful clades of plants, with over 70,000 species occupying diverse niches.[1] Flowering plants classified as monocots have seeds that develop with just one embryonic leaf, known as a cotyledon.[2][3] According to evidence citing Reynolds, grasslands composed of grasses occupy more than 40% of the terrestrial surface and provide a large fraction of human food.[4]

Scientific classification

  1. CladeTracheophytes
  2. CladeAngiosperms
  3. CladeMonocots

Sources: Wikipedia taxobox: Monocotyledon (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Quick Facts

Type genus
Lilium

Facts from the source article.

Biology and range

The single cotyledon is only one of a number of modifications of the ancestral monocot body plan, whose adaptive advantages are poorly understood.[3] Monocots lack a lateral meristem (cambium) that allows for continual growth in diameter, which is a basic limitation in shoot construction.[5] Monocots have a distinctive arrangement of vascular tissue known as an atactostele, in which the vascular tissue is scattered rather than arranged in concentric rings.[6] Despite a predominantly herbaceous nature, certain monocots like agaves, palms, pandans, yuccas, and bamboos are arboraceous and can attain considerable height, length, and mass.[5]

Because the primary root lacks cambium, its capacity for sufficient growth is restricted, which forces the early formation of adventitious roots that originate from the shoot.[7] Creeping shoots called runners and rhizomes are produced by monocots; runners function in vegetative propagation while rhizomes also serve for storage.[7] Additional geophytic monocots form bulbs, tubers, or corms as organs for storage.[7] Approximately two-thirds of monocot species are zoophilous, with insects being the primary pollinators, and these plants use showy flowers to attract pollinators.[8]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Monocotyledon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Vogel 1998; Kubitzki Huber 1998; Kubitzki 1998; Davis et al. 2013; Zeng et al 2014 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Monocotyledon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: ; (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Monocotyledon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Tillich 1998 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Monocotyledon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Reynolds, "Grassland of the world", www.fao.org (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Monocotyledon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Du et al 2016; Soltis Soltis 2016 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Monocotyledon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Chase 2004; Donoghue 2005; Chase 2004 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Monocotyledon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: ; ; Chase 2004; Tillich 1998 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Monocotyledon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Vogel 1998 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Monocotyledon (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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