Cities And Urban Areas Codexery

Montreal

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In 2021, the city had a population of 1,762,949 and a metropolitan population of 4,291,732.[1] The official language of Montreal is French, and it stands as the Americas' biggest city where French is the primary tongue.[2]

Geography and history

French settlers founded Ville-Marie in 1642 on the southern shore of the island, naming it after the Virgin Mary.[3][4] The settlement became a fur trade centre and by 1685 was home to about 600 colonists.[5] Montreal fell to British forces during the Seven Years' War in 1760 and was incorporated as a city in 1832.[6][7] It was the capital of the Province of Canada from 1844 to 1849, and by 1860 it was the largest city under British rule in North America.[8][9]

Montreal hosted the Summer Olympics in 1976, the only Canadian city to do so.[10][11] Situated in Quebec's southwestern region, Montreal occupies the majority of the Island of Montreal, located where the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa Rivers meet.[12] Mount Royal, a hill featuring three peaks that reaches 232 meters in height, provides the inspiration for the city's name.[13] First Nations peoples inhabited the island as far back as 4,000 years ago, according to archaeological findings, and by 1000 AD they were growing maize.[14]

What the cited sources add

According to the Centre d’histoire de Montreal, the name Montréal supplanted Ville-Marie in the 18th century for no official reason.[15] Poirier noted that in 16th-century France, "real" and "royal" were used interchangeably, and Belleforest was influenced by a 1556 Italian book recounting Cartier's explorations.[15] In the Mohawk language, the land is called Tiohtià:ke, an abbreviation of Teionihtiohtiá:kon, meaning "where the group divided/parted ways"[16] Mooniyaang, the Ojibwe term for this territory, translates to "the first stopping place" within the seven fires prophecy narrative.[17]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Profile table. Montréal, Ville (V) Quebec [Census subdivision], Montréal Quebec [Census metropolitan area], Montréal Quebec [Population centre]", www12.statcan.gc.ca, August 2, (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Charte de la Ville de Montréal", 2008; "Charter of Ville de Montréal", 2008; "Profil du recensement, Recensement de 2016 – Montréal, Ville [Subdivision de recensement], Québec et Québec [Province]", February 8, 2017; "Profil du recensement, Recensement de 2016 – Montréal [Région métropolitaine de recensement], Québec et Québec [Province]", Statistics Canada, February 8, 2017 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Old Montréal / Centuries of History", April 2000; Kalbfleisch, "Founding of Ville-Marie", Canada's National History Society, May 17, 2017 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Miquelon, "Ville-Marie (Colony)" (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Miquelon, "Ville-Marie (Colony)"; Beacock Fryer, "Battlefields of Canada", Dundurn Press Ltd, 1986, p. 247 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Articles of the Capitulation of Montréal, 1760", MSN Encarta, 1760 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Montreal :: Government", Encyclopædia Britannica; "Lachine Canal National Historic Site of Canada", Parks Canada, p. 3 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "UNA-Canada: A Sense of Belonging", United Nations Association in Canada (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  9. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Walking Tour of Old Montreal", Véhicule Press (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  10. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Montreal 1976", Olympic.org; www.ixmedia.com, "Articles Encyclopédie du patrimoine culturel de l'Amérique française – histoire, culture, religion, héritage", www.ameriquefrancaise.org; "Circuit Gilles Villeneuve", Circuit Gilles Villeneuve Official Website; "About – Festival International de Jazz de Montréal", www.montrealjazzfest.com; "Largest jazz festival"; "Just For Laughs Festival", www.tourisme-montreal.org; "FrancoFolies de Montréal: A large Francophone music festival" (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  11. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "A new francophone conquest", Montreal Archives Portal; Bowen, "The Rough Guide to Montreal", Rough Guides, 2001–2004, p. 272 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  12. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "The St. Lawrence River", Great Canadian Rivers, 2007 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  13. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Island of Montreal", Geographical Names of Canada, September 17, 2007 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  14. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Centre d'histoire de Montréal. Le Montréal des Premières Nations. 2011. P. 15. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  15. Riga, "how should one pronounce montreal? a historical and linguistic guide", The Gaztte, July 12, 2020. facts only, no text reused. montrealgazette.com
  16. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Island of Montréal", Natural Resources Canada, May 31, 2008; Fennario, "Montreal turns 375 but acknowledges that Tiohtià:ke is much older", APTN, May 17, 2017; "Territorial Acknowledgement", Concordia University, February 16, 2017; "Learn about the Land and Peoples of Tiohtià:ke/ Montreal", McGill University; "Territorial Acknowledgement", Concordia University, February 16, 2017; "Land Acknowledgement", John Abbott CEGEP (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  17. Wikipedia, "Montreal" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Onishka – Art et Communaute"; Rhodes, "Moon'yaang na", Walter De Gruyter, 1993, p. 251 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Montreal (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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