Chemistry & Materials
40 entries in the Chemistry & Materials compendium.
IndiumSoft, silvery metal used in displays and semiconductors.Inorganic chemistryStudy of non-carbon-based compounds and their industrial applications.Inorganic compoundChemical compounds typically lacking carbon–hydrogen bonds.Intermolecular forceWeak forces mediating interactions between molecules, essential in biochemistry.IodineHeaviest stable halogen, essential for thyroid hormone synthesis.Ionic bondingElectrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.IridiumIridium is a chemical element with the symbol Ir and atomic number 77. This silvery-white KetoneOrganic compounds with a carbonyl group bonded to two carbons.Lactic acidOrganic acid central to metabolism, industry, and medicine.Lanthanide15 metallic elements from lanthanum to lutetium, filling 4f orbitals.LanthanumLanthanum, atomic number 57 and symbol La, is a silvery-white metal that is soft and ductiLeadHeavy metal with stable isotopes and historical industrial use.MagnesiumLightweight metal essential to life and industry.Magnesium sulfateA versatile salt used in agriculture, medicine, and industry.ManganeseHard, brittle metal essential in alloys and human nutrition.Mass spectrometryTechnique measuring ion mass-to-charge ratios for chemical analysis.Mercury (element)A heavy, silvery liquid metal with unique physical properties and high toxicity.Metallic bondingElectrostatic attraction between delocalized electrons and metal ions.MetalloidElements with properties between metals and nonmetals.MethaneSimplest alkane, main component of natural gas, potent greenhouse gas.MethanolSimplest alcohol, key industrial chemical, and space marker.MicaMicas are silicate minerals with perfect basal cleavage.MolybdenumMolybdenum is a transition metal essential for life and industry.NeodymiumA rare-earth metal used in powerful magnets and lasers.NeptuniumNeptunium is a chemical element with symbol Np and atomic number 93. A radioactive actinidNickelSilvery-white metal, ferromagnetic, key to stainless steel and batteries.NiobiumA transition metal with superconducting and alloy-strengthening properties.NitrateNitrate is a polyatomic ion used in fertilizers and explosives.Nitric acidA highly corrosive mineral acid used in nitration and oxidation.NitrogenNitrogen is a colourless, odourless diatomic gas forming 78% of Earth's air.Nitrous oxideA gas with medical, recreational, and industrial uses.Noble gasGroup 18 elements with full valence shells and low reactivity.Nuclear chemistrySub-field of chemistry studying radioactivity and nuclear processes.NuclideA class of atoms defined by proton and neutron numbers.NylonFirst commercially successful synthetic thermoplastic polymer.Organic chemistryStudy of carbon compounds, basis of life and industry.Organic compoundCarbon-based compounds central to life and chemistry.Organometallic chemistryStudy of compounds with metal-carbon bonds, bridging inorganic and organic chemistry.Organosilicon chemistryStudy of carbon–silicon bond compounds, key to silicones and industry.Organosulfur chemistryStudy of organic compounds containing sulfur.
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