Asian & Middle Eastern Monarchs & Strongmen Codexery

Jiang Qing

Revolutionary, actress, and fourth wife of Mao Zedong.

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Jiang Qing, born Li Yunhe in March 1914 in Zhucheng, Shandong, was a Chinese revolutionary, actress, and political figure who later became known as Madame Mao.[1][2] She was known by many names throughout her life, including the stage name Lan Ping during her 1930s Shanghai acting career.[1][3]

Life and work

She enrolled in the Experimental Arts Academy and excelled in traditional opera roles despite a strong Shandong accent.[4] She served as deputy director of the Film Guidance Committee from 1949 to 1951.[5] Li Dewen, a carpenter, and his concubine (whose name is not recorded) were Jiang Qing's parents.[2] Jiang witnessed her father's near-daily verbal and physical abuse of her mother during her childhood, which deeply traumatized her.[6]

Following her mother's death in 1928, the 14-year-old orphaned Jiang sought independence by joining a local underground theatre troupe.[7][4] In February 1933, Jiang became a member of the CCP.[7] Her performance as Nora in Ibsen's A Doll's House brought her fame in Shanghai.[8] With the 1949 establishment of the People's Republic of China, Jiang became the nation's first lady, but her role was hidden from the public until the 1960s.[9]

What the cited sources add

The Open Library record for ISBN 9781526132611 confirms the 2018 publication of Lin's "Above Sea" by Manchester University Press, cited for Jiang's various names.[10][11] The Open Library record for ISBN 9780765607980 confirms the 2003 publication of "Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women" by M.E. Sharpe, cited for Jiang's birth details.[12][2]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Jiang Qing" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Keyser, "Guide to Pronouncing Romanized Chinese (Wade-Giles and Pinyin)", Columbia University (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Jiang Qing" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Sisyphus 2015a, p. 33; Terrill 1999, p. 15; Lee, "中國婦女傳記詞典: The Twentieth Century, 1912–2000", M.E. Sharpe, 1998; Terrill 1999, p. 15; Terrill, "The Life of Madame Mao", New Word City, 2014; Sisyphus 2015a, p. 33 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Jiang Qing" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Terrill 1999, p. 15; Lee, "Chiang Ching: Mao's Wife and Deputy", Communist Affairs, 1967, p. 19–22 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Jiang Qing" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Terrill 1999, p. 15; Terrill 1999, p. 15; Terrill 1999, p. 15 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Jiang Qing" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Li 2023, p. 226; Li, "The Cold War in East Asia", Routledge, 2018 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Jiang Qing" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Sisyphus 2015a, p. 33; Terrill 1999, p. 15; Butterfield, "Butterfield, Fox. "Lust, Revenge, and Revolution". The New York Times. 4 March 1984. Retrieved 10 June 2011. p. 1", The New York Times, 4 March 1984; Terrill 1999, p. 15 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Jiang Qing" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Terrill 1999, p. 15 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Jiang Qing" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Witke, "Special Section: Comrade Chiang Ch'ing Tells Her Story", 1977-03-21 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  9. Wikipedia, "Jiang Qing" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Li 2023, p. 226; Witke 1977, p. Chronology; Liang, "Jiang Qing: late 1937-1949", Twenty-first Century, 2003-09-30 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  10. Open Library record, ISBN 9781526132611 ("Above Sea"). CC0 (metadata); book content not read. openlibrary.org
  11. Wikipedia, "Jiang Qing" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Ye, "The rise and fall of the gang of four", Shanghai Observer, 2014-10-14; Ye, "The rise and fall of the gang of four", Shanghai Observer, 2014-10-14; "Yu Guangyuan: The Jiang Qing I remember", People's Daily Online, 2006-02-21; Lin, "Above sea: Contemporary art, urban culture, and the fashioning of global Shanghai", Manchester University Press, 2018-11-30, p. 1–25; Trebach, "Remember Those Who Almost Changed China; 'Pure and Simple'", The New York Times, 1991-06-16; Trebach, "Remember Those Who Almost Changed China; 'Pure and Simple'", The en.wikipedia.org
  12. Open Library record, ISBN 9780765607980 ("Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women"). CC0 (metadata); book content not read. openlibrary.org

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Jiang Qing (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

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Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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