San Francisco
The primary public transit system within San Francisco, California.
The San Francisco Municipal Railway (SF Muni or Muni) is the primary public transit system within San Francisco, California. It operates a system of bus routes (including trolleybuses), the Muni Metro light rail system, three historic cable car lines, and two historic streetcar lines. Previously an independent agency, the San Francisco Municipal Railway merged with two other agencies in 1999 to become the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (SFMTA). In 2018, Muni served 46.7 square miles (121 km2) with an operating budget of about $1.2 billion. Muni is the seventh highest-ridership transit system in the United States, with 167,087,000 rides in 2025, and the second highest in California after the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.
Quick Facts
- Location
- San Francisco, California
- Primary inhabitants
- Riders of Muni bus
- light rail
- cable car
- and streetcar lines
- Technological tier
- Dual-mode Clipper smart card system since at least 2004; MuniMobile app since 20
- Governance
- Operated by the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (SFMTA) since 1999
Lore & Background
Muni's logo is a stylized, trademarked "worm" version of the word muni, designed by San Francisco-based graphic designer Walter Landor in the mid-1970s. Bus announcements are in four languages: English, Spanish, Cantonese and Tagalog, to cater to the large Hispanic and Latino American and Asian American populations in San Francisco. Bus and trolleybus lines are identified by a number and a route name that typically incorporates the street on which the route operates its longest segment.
Rail lines have letters as well as a name designation (J-Church, K-Ingleside, L-Taraval, M-Ocean View, N-Judah, T-Third), and the three cable car lines are typically referred to by name only (Powell-Mason, Powell-Hyde and California). The longest Muni line is the 24.1-mile (38.8 km) 91 Owl, a nighttime-only route that blends several other routes together, while the longest daytime route is the 17.4-mile (28.0 km) 29. The shortest route is the peak-hour only 88 BART Shuttle at 1.4 miles (2.3 km), while the shortest off-peak route is the 39 Coit at 1.6 miles (2.6 km).
The steepest grade climbed by a Muni vehicle is 23.1% by a diesel-electric hybrid bus on the 67 line, 22.8% by a trolleybus on the 24 line and 21% by a cable car on the Powell-Hyde line.
Reader's Guide
Except for cable cars, cash fares are $3.00 for adults; $1.50 for seniors over 65, people with disabilities, and Medicare card holders; and free for low- and moderate-income seniors, youth aged 18 and under, and people with disabilities residing in San Francisco. Clipper card and MuniMobile fares are $2.85 for adults and $1.40 for seniors and people with disabilities. One fare entitles a rider to unlimited vehicle transfers for the next 120 minutes.
Cable cars are $9 one way, with no transfers, unless the rider has a Muni Passport or a Muni monthly pass. As of August 2025, monthly passes cost $86 for adults ($104 with BART privileges within city limits), $43 for low-income residents ("Lifeline Pass"), or $43 for seniors and people with disabilities. Muni operates 14 express lines, 5 Rapid lines, and 12 Owl lines, which run between 1 am and 5 am. For San Francisco Giants games, additional "baseball shuttles" supplement N Judah and T Third service to Oracle Park.
Muni also operates the San Francisco cable car system, a heritage streetcar system descendant of a larger network of manually operated cable cars. The system was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1964 and placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966. There are three cable car lines: the Mason-Powell line, the California State line, and the Powell-Hyde line. The system accrues five million annual riders.
Did You Know?
- At Powell and Market Streets, three types of rail gauges come within a few hundred feet of each other: BART's 5 ft 6 in broad gauge, Muni Metro's 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in standard gauge, and the cable car system's 3 ft 6 in narrow gauge.
- The Geary corridor has an average speed of only 8 miles per hour (13 km/h), taking over 50 minutes to travel from the Richmond District to the Transbay Terminal.
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