{"/e/turkish-cuisine/bulgur/": {"t": "Bulgur", "s": "Ancient cracked wheat staple of Middle Eastern cuisine.", "i": "https://codexery.com/turkish-cuisine/img/turkish-cuisine/bulgur.webp", "c": "Myself · via Wikipedia: Bulgur · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/lavash/": {"t": "Lavash", "s": "Thin flatbread baked in a tandoor, central to West Asian cuisines."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/kebab/": {"t": "Kebab", "s": "A diverse family of grilled meat dishes from the Middle East."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/dolma/": {"t": "Dolma", "s": "Stuffed vegetables and leaves from Ottoman culinary tradition."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/arab-world/": {"t": "Arab world", "s": "A region of diverse peoples united by Arabic language and culture, spanning West Asia and North Africa.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/arab-world.webp", "c": "Qbox673 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/e/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/loanword/": {"t": "Loanword", "s": "A word assimilated from one language into another."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/hindustani-language/": {"t": "Hindustani language", "s": "A pluricentric lingua franca of northern India and Pakistan."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/persian-language/": {"t": "Persian language", "s": "Persian is a Western Iranian language with three standard varieties."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/ancient-rome/": {"t": "Ancient Rome", "s": "Ancient Rome spanned from 753 BC to 476 AD."}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/pre-columbian-empires/mughal-empire/": {"t": "Mughal Empire", "s": "An early modern empire in South Asia, founded in 1526."}, "https://codexery.com/armenian-cuisine/e/armenian-cuisine/armenian-cuisine/": {"t": "Armenian cuisine", "s": "A cuisine shaped by history, geography, and fresh ingredients."}, "https://codexery.com/afghan-cuisine/e/afghan-cuisine/afghan-cuisine/": {"t": "Afghan cuisine", "s": "A halal cuisine blending Central Asian, Persian, and South Asian influences."}, "https://codexery.com/albanian-cuisine/e/albanian-cuisine/albanian-cuisine/": {"t": "Albanian cuisine", "s": "Mediterranean cuisine shaped by geography, history, and hospitality.", "i": "https://codexery.com/albanian-cuisine/img/albanian-cuisine/albanian-cuisine.webp", "c": "Kevin Rechts - kaveman743 · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/bosnia-and-herzegovina-cuisine/e/bosnia-and-herzegovina-cuisine/bosnia-and-herzegovina-cuisine/": {"t": "Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine", "s": "Traditional cuisine of Bosnia and Herzegovina with Ottoman and Balkan roots."}, "https://codexery.com/bulgarian-cuisine/e/bulgarian-cuisine/bulgarian-cuisine/": {"t": "Bulgarian cuisine", "s": "A Balkan cuisine rich in dairy, grilled meats, and diverse stews.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bulgarian-cuisine/img/bulgarian-cuisine/bulgarian-cuisine.webp", "c": "EvelinaRibarova · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/georgian-cuisine/": {"t": "Georgian cuisine", "s": "Georgian cuisine blends regional traditions with Silk Road influences."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/lebanese-cuisine/": {"t": "Lebanese cuisine", "s": "Lebanese cuisine blends ancient Eastern Mediterranean traditions with diverse influences."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-cuisine/e/egyptian-cuisine/egyptian-cuisine/": {"t": "Egyptian cuisine", "s": "Egyptian cuisine blends Nile Valley produce with ancient and medieval traditions.", "i": "https://codexery.com/egyptian-cuisine/img/egyptian-cuisine/egyptian-cuisine.webp", "c": "Dina Said · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/greek-cuisine/": {"t": "Greek cuisine", "s": "Greek cuisine blends ancient traditions with Mediterranean and Balkan influences."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/indian-cuisine/": {"t": "Indian cuisine", "s": "A diverse culinary tapestry shaped by 8,000 years of history, religion, and regional traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/iranian-cuisine/e/iranian-cuisine/iranian-cuisine/": {"t": "Iranian cuisine", "s": "Iranian cuisine blends rice, herbs, fruits, and spices."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/moroccan-cuisine/": {"t": "Moroccan cuisine", "s": "Moroccan cuisine blends Arab, Berber, Andalusi, Mediterranean, and African influences."}, "https://codexery.com/pakistani-cuisine/e/pakistani-cuisine/pakistani-cuisine/": {"t": "Pakistani cuisine", "s": "A blend of regional flavours shaped by Islamic dietary laws."}, "https://codexery.com/romanian-cuisine/e/romanian-cuisine/romanian-cuisine/": {"t": "Romanian cuisine", "s": "Traditional cuisine of Romania, shaped by geography and history."}, "https://codexery.com/macedonian-cuisine/e/macedonian-cuisine/macedonian-cuisine/": {"t": "Macedonian cuisine", "s": "Traditional cuisine of North Macedonia with Ottoman and Balkan influences.", "i": "https://codexery.com/macedonian-cuisine/img/macedonian-cuisine/macedonian-cuisine.webp", "c": "Petar Milošević · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/turkish-cuisine/": {"t": "Turkish cuisine", "s": "Turkish cuisine blends Central Asian, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/levant/": {"t": "Levant", "s": "A historical and cultural subregion of West Asia along the Eastern Mediterranean.", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/levant.webp", "c": "Bassem Fleifel · CC BY-SA 1.0"}, "https://codexery.com/azerbaijani-cuisine/e/azerbaijani-cuisine/azerbaijani-cuisine/": {"t": "Azerbaijani cuisine", "s": "Cuisine of Azerbaijan, shaped by pastoralism and cross-cultural influences."}, "https://codexery.com/armenian-cuisine/e/armenian-cuisine/i-k-fte/": {"t": "Çiğ köfte", "s": "A raw kofta dish shared by Turkish and Armenian cuisines."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/kurdish-cuisine/": {"t": "Kurdish cuisine", "s": "A diverse culinary tradition of the Kurdish people."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/curry/": {"t": "Curry", "s": "A spicy sauce dish internationalised through trade and colonialism."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-l/e/cities-starting-with-l/lucknow/": {"t": "Lucknow", "s": "Capital of Uttar Pradesh, India."}, "https://codexery.com/spanish-cuisine/e/spanish-cuisine/catalan-cuisine/": {"t": "Catalan cuisine", "s": "Mediterranean cuisine blending mountain and coastal traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/game-birds-and-waterfowl/e/game-birds-and-waterfowl/partridge/": {"t": "Partridge", "s": "Medium-sized game birds native to Europe, Asia, and Africa."}, "https://codexery.com/spanish-cuisine/e/spanish-cuisine/green-sauce/": {"t": "Green sauce", "s": "A family of cold herb-based sauces with ancient European roots."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/istanbul/": {"t": "Istanbul", "s": "A city on two continents, bridging Europe and Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/anatolia/": {"t": "Anatolia", "s": "Peninsula in West Asia, historic cradle of civilizations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/img/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/anatolia.webp", "c": "Anatolianist · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-of-the-americas-and-pacific/e/explorers-of-the-americas-and-pacific/evliya-elebi/": {"t": "Evliya Çelebi", "s": "Ottoman explorer who wrote the ten-volume Seyahatnâme."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/tahini/": {"t": "Tahini", "s": "A sesame seed butter used across many cuisines."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/kibbeh/": {"t": "Kibbeh", "s": "A Levantine dish of spiced meat and bulgur."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/indigenous-peoples/": {"t": "Indigenous peoples", "s": "Indigenous peoples are diverse groups with ancestral ties to traditional territories."}, "https://codexery.com/spices/e/profiles/dill/": {"t": "Dill", "s": "Annual herb used widely in Eurasian cuisine."}, "https://codexery.com/recipes/e/classic-dishes/biryani/": {"t": "Biryani", "s": "A fragrant, layered rice dish born in Mughal-era India, now a beloved staple across South Asia and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/okra/": {"t": "Okra", "s": "A flowering plant in the mallow family, native to East Africa, cultivated for its edible seed pods."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/ak-aabat-meatballs/": {"t": "Akçaabat meatballs", "s": "A Turkish kofta variant served at communal gatherings.", "i": "https://codexery.com/turkish-cuisine/img/turkish-cuisine/ak-aabat-meatballs.webp", "c": "Original uploader was Cemertem at tr.wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/cypriot-cuisine/": {"t": "Cypriot cuisine", "s": "Cypriot cuisine blends Greek, Turkish, and Levantine influences."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/turkish-language/": {"t": "Turkish language", "s": "Most widely spoken Turkic language, official in Turkey and Cyprus."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/pomegranate/": {"t": "Pomegranate", "s": "Ancient fruit domesticated in Iran, now cultivated worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/peppers-citrus-fruits/e/peppers-and-citrus-fruits/bitter-orange/": {"t": "Bitter orange", "s": "Hybrid citrus tree prized for marmalade and essential oil.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peppers-citrus-fruits/img/peppers-and-citrus-fruits/bitter-orange.webp", "c": "Zeynel Cebeci · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fermentation/e/fermented-foods/vinegar/": {"t": "Vinegar", "s": "Sour liquid used in cooking, cleaning, and medicine for millennia."}, "https://codexery.com/cooking/e/cooking-techniques/deglazing-cooking/": {"t": "Deglazing (cooking)", "s": "Technique for dissolving browned pan residue into sauces."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/pasta/": {"t": "Pasta", "s": "A staple food of Italian cuisine with ancient Mediterranean roots."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/antalya/": {"t": "Antalya", "s": "Ancient Attaleia, now Turkey's leading tourism hub on the Mediterranean."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/ramadan/": {"t": "Ramadan", "s": "Islamic month of fasting, prayer, and spiritual reflection."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/paprika/": {"t": "Paprika", "s": "A ground spice from dried red peppers, central to Hungarian and Spanish cooking."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/lamb-and-mutton/": {"t": "Lamb and mutton", "s": "Sheep meat classified by age, with lamb being most common."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/beef/": {"t": "Beef", "s": "The culinary name for meat from cattle, with a history from Neanderthal times to modern global production."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/soup/": {"t": "Soup", "s": "A liquid savoury dish, served warm or hot (or sometimes chilled), with a history stretching back to prehistoric times."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/condiment/": {"t": "Condiment", "s": "Preparations added to food to enhance flavor or complement dishes."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/aleppo/": {"t": "Aleppo", "s": "Ancient Syrian city, historic Silk Road hub, site of major conflict."}, "https://codexery.com/tunisian-cuisine/e/tunisian-cuisine/tunisian-cuisine/": {"t": "Tunisian cuisine", "s": "Tunisian cuisine blends Berber, Arab, Mediterranean, and Ottoman influences.", "i": "https://codexery.com/tunisian-cuisine/img/tunisian-cuisine/tunisian-cuisine.webp", "c": "Emna Mizouni · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/plants-fungi/e/plants-and-fungi/anise/": {"t": "Anise", "s": "A flowering plant used for flavor and traditional medicine."}, "https://codexery.com/palestinian-cuisine/e/palestinian-cuisine/mansaf/": {"t": "Mansaf", "s": "Traditional Levantine lamb and yogurt dish, a Palestinian and Jordanian staple."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/black-pepper/": {"t": "Black pepper", "s": "A flowering vine whose dried fruit is a ubiquitous spice, native to South Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/spices/e/profiles/coriander/": {"t": "Coriander", "s": "Annual herb with edible leaves and seeds, used globally."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/greek-language/": {"t": "Greek language", "s": "Greek is the world's oldest recorded living language."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/spain/": {"t": "Spain", "s": "A country spanning the Iberian Peninsula, with a history from Roman Hispania to a modern constitutional monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/olive-oil/": {"t": "Olive oil", "s": "A staple of Mediterranean cuisine, olive oil is pressed from olives and used in cooking, cosmetics, and more."}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/anchovy/": {"t": "Anchovy", "s": "Small forage fish of the family Engraulidae, found worldwide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seafood/img/seafood/anchovy.webp", "c": "Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons.\nImage ID: nur00009, National Undersearch Research Program (NURP) Collection\nCredit: OAR (NOAA:United States Department · via Wikipedia: Anchovy · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/medical-emergencies/e/medical-emergencies/amnesic-shellfish-poisoning/": {"t": "Amnesic shellfish poisoning", "s": "Neurotoxin from diatoms causes memory loss and brain damage."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-conditions/e/medical-conditions/gout/": {"t": "Gout", "s": "Inflammatory arthritis from uric acid crystal deposition."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/italian-cuisine/": {"t": "Italian cuisine", "s": "Simple ingredients, extraordinary flavor."}, "https://codexery.com/taiwanese-cuisine/e/taiwanese-cuisine/taiwanese-cuisine/": {"t": "Taiwanese cuisine", "s": "A cuisine shaped by migration, colonization, and regional diversity."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/korean-cuisine/": {"t": "Korean cuisine", "s": "A cuisine shaped by centuries of social and political change."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/cereal/": {"t": "Cereal", "s": "Grasses cultivated for edible grain, global staple foods."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/cuisine/": {"t": "Cuisine", "s": "A style of cooking shaped by region, culture, and history."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/carbohydrate/": {"t": "Carbohydrate", "s": "Carbohydrates are sugars and their derivatives, central to life and nutrition."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/protein-nutrient/": {"t": "Protein (nutrient)", "s": "Essential nutrient providing amino acids for body structure and function."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america/": {"t": "North America", "s": "Third-largest continent by area; fourth-largest by population.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: North America · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/nigerian-cuisine/e/nigerian-cuisine/pottage/": {"t": "Pottage", "s": "A medieval staple of boiled grains, vegetables, and meat."}, "https://codexery.com/canadian-cuisine/e/canadian-cuisine/pudding/": {"t": "Pudding", "s": "A versatile dish spanning sweet and savoury traditions worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/pakistani-cuisine/e/pakistani-cuisine/kheer/": {"t": "Kheer", "s": "A milk-based rice pudding from the Indian subcontinent."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/rice/": {"t": "Rice", "s": "Staple grain for over half the world's population."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/saudi-arabia/": {"t": "Saudi Arabia", "s": "The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a land of ancient heritage, vast deserts, and global influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/img/honours/saudi-arabia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Saudi Arabia at the FIFA World Cup · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/australian-cuisine/e/australian-cuisine/camel-milk/": {"t": "Camel milk", "s": "Camel milk has sustained nomadic cultures for millennia."}, "https://codexery.com/fermentation/e/fermented-foods/fermentation-in-food-processing/": {"t": "Fermentation in food processing", "s": "The science of turning carbs into alcohol or acids using microbes."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/uzbekistan/": {"t": "Uzbekistan", "s": "Doubly landlocked Central Asian republic with ancient Silk Road heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/materials-and-states-of-matter/e/materials-and-states-of-matter/liquid/": {"t": "Liquid", "s": "A state of matter with definite volume but no fixed shape."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/e/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/streptococcus/": {"t": "Streptococcus", "s": "Genus of gram-positive bacteria causing human infections and used in food.", "i": "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/img/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/streptococcus.webp", "c": "Arnold Kaufman · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/cheese/e/cheese/halloumi/": {"t": "Halloumi", "s": "A Cypriot cheese with a high melting point."}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-and-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/green-bean/": {"t": "Green bean", "s": "Green beans are unripe pods harvested before seed maturity."}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/cucumber/": {"t": "Cucumber", "s": "A widely-cultivated creeping vine plant with cylindrical fruits."}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-and-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/lettuce/": {"t": "Lettuce", "s": "Annual leaf vegetable with ancient Egyptian origins and global cultivation."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/pea/": {"t": "Pea", "s": "A cool-season legume grown for its edible seeds and pods."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/chickpea/": {"t": "Chickpea", "s": "A versatile legume, high in protein, central to cuisines from the Mediterranean to India."}, "https://codexery.com/herbs-and-spices/e/herbs-and-spices/mentha/": {"t": "Mentha", "s": "A genus of aromatic, perennial herbs with a subcosmopolitan distribution."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/taramasalata/": {"t": "Taramasalata", "s": "A Greek meze of salted roe, olive oil, and lemon."}, "https://codexery.com/cypriot-cuisine/e/cypriot-cuisine/flaouna/": {"t": "Flaouna", "s": "A cheese-filled Easter pastry from Cyprus and Greece."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/dessert/": {"t": "Dessert", "s": "A sweet course concluding a meal, with varied global traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/bread/": {"t": "Bread", "s": "One of the oldest prepared foods, essential across cultures."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/kaymak/": {"t": "Kaymak", "s": "A creamy dairy food similar to clotted cream."}, "https://codexery.com/desserts/e/desserts/bread-pudding/": {"t": "Bread pudding", "s": "A dessert made from stale bread, milk, and eggs.", "i": "https://codexery.com/desserts/img/desserts/bread-pudding.webp", "c": "Roly Williams · via Wikipedia: Bread pudding · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/baklava/": {"t": "Baklava", "s": "Layered pastry dessert with disputed ancient origins."}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/cake/": {"t": "Cake", "s": "A baked confectionery, often served at celebrations."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/flour/": {"t": "Flour", "s": "Powder made by grinding grains, nuts, seeds, roots, or vegetables.", "i": "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/img/food-and-drink/flour.webp", "c": "Chandapiwa Malema · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/sugar/": {"t": "Sugar", "s": "A class of sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates used in food."}, "https://codexery.com/kitchentools/e/kitchen-tools/whisk/": {"t": "Whisk", "s": "A utensil for blending and aerating ingredients."}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/baking-powder/": {"t": "Baking powder", "s": "The chemical leavener that revolutionized quick breads and baked goods."}, "https://codexery.com/edible-fruits-and-nuts/e/edible-fruits-and-nuts/pistachio/": {"t": "Pistachio", "s": "A desert tree producing edible seeds used worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-and-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/fig/": {"t": "Fig", "s": "An ancient fruit cultivated for millennia, now grown worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/middle-ages/": {"t": "Middle Ages", "s": "The middle epoch between classical antiquity and the modern period.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/middle-ages.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Middle Ages · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/philadelphia-76ers/e/stadiums/philadelphia/": {"t": "Philadelphia", "s": "The gritty, soulful city where the Sixers legacy is forged in fire and celebrated with unmatched passion."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/baharat/": {"t": "Baharat", "s": "A Middle Eastern spice blend used in savory dishes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/turkish-cuisine/img/turkish-cuisine/baharat.webp", "c": "Myigamel · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/libyan-cuisine/e/libyan-cuisine/semolina/": {"t": "Semolina", "s": "Coarse flour from durum wheat, essential for pasta and global cuisines."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/christian-sacred-texts/books-of-kings/": {"t": "Books of Kings", "s": "Biblical books mixing history and theology to explain Judah's fall."}, "https://codexery.com/israeli-cuisine/e/israeli-cuisine/ancient-israelite-cuisine/": {"t": "Ancient Israelite cuisine", "s": "Ancient Israelite cuisine centered on bread, wine, and olive oil."}, "https://codexery.com/israeli-cuisine/e/israeli-cuisine/israeli-cuisine/": {"t": "Israeli cuisine", "s": "Fusion of Jewish diaspora and Arab culinary traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/baghdad/": {"t": "Baghdad", "s": "Center of Learning"}, "https://codexery.com/spices/e/profiles/cumin/": {"t": "Cumin", "s": "A flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to the Irano-Turanian Region, whose dried seeds are used as a spice."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/cinnamon/": {"t": "Cinnamon", "s": "A spice from the inner bark of Cinnamomum trees, used as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive."}, "https://codexery.com/aquarium-and-aquatic-plants/e/aquarium-and-aquatic-plants/cyperus-papyrus/": {"t": "Cyperus papyrus", "s": "Ancient source of papyrus paper and iconic aquatic sedge."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/spanish-cuisine/": {"t": "Spanish cuisine", "s": "Spanish cuisine blends regional traditions with Mediterranean and Atlantic influences."}, "https://codexery.com/food-cooking/e/food-and-cooking/tomato-sauce/": {"t": "Tomato sauce", "s": "Tomato sauce is a versatile base for many global cuisines."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-regions/e/italian-regions/campania/": {"t": "Campania", "s": "Campania is a densely populated, economically productive region in southern Italy."}, "https://codexery.com/bangladeshi-cuisine/e/bangladeshi-cuisine/bengali-cuisine/": {"t": "Bengali cuisine", "s": "A rich tapestry of flavours from Bengal's history and climate."}, "https://codexery.com/recipes/e/classic-dishes/hummus/": {"t": "Hummus", "s": "A Levantine dip of chickpeas, tahini, lemon, and garlic."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/middle-east/": {"t": "Middle East", "s": "A geopolitical region encompassing West Asia, Egypt, and European Turkey, rich in history and strategic importance."}, "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/e/writing-systems/cuneiform/": {"t": "Cuneiform", "s": "One of the oldest known writing systems, used for over three millennia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/img/writing-systems/cuneiform.webp", "c": "Mason, William Albert, 1855-1923 · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/herodotus/": {"t": "Herodotus", "s": "The Father of History"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/tigris/": {"t": "Tigris", "s": "Eastern great river of Mesopotamia, flowing through history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/rivers/tigris.webp", "c": "Hamza Al Mosuly · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/hebrew-language/": {"t": "Hebrew language", "s": "A revived Canaanite language, once extinct, now spoken by millions."}, "https://codexery.com/libyan-cuisine/e/libyan-cuisine/date-honey/": {"t": "Date honey", "s": "Thick, dark fruit syrup used for millennia in cuisines."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/chinese-cuisine/": {"t": "Chinese cuisine", "s": "A diverse culinary tradition shaped by geography, history, and global influence."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/japanese-cuisine/": {"t": "Japanese cuisine", "s": "Traditional Japanese cuisine emphasizes seasonal ingredients and balance."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/sesame/": {"t": "Sesame", "s": "One of the oldest oilseed crops, prized for its nutty flavor and drought tolerance."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/breakfast/": {"t": "Breakfast", "s": "First meal of the day, breaking the overnight fast."}, "https://codexery.com/korean-cuisine/e/korean-cuisine/chili-powder/": {"t": "Chili powder", "s": "Dried, pulverized chili pepper used as a spice or blend."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/amazon-river/": {"t": "Amazon River", "s": "Largest river by discharge; length disputed with the Nile.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/amazon-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Amazon River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/spanish-empire/": {"t": "Spanish Empire", "s": "The empire on which the sun never set.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/spanish-empire.webp", "c": "Nagihuin · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/portuguese-empire/": {"t": "Portuguese Empire", "s": "The first and longest-lasting European colonial empire, spanning nearly 600 years from 1415 to 1999."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/iberian-peninsula/": {"t": "Iberian Peninsula", "s": "Second-largest European peninsula, home to Spain and Portugal."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers/e/great-explorers/christopher-columbus/": {"t": "Christopher Columbus", "s": "Italian explorer who opened the Americas to European colonization.", "i": "https://codexery.com/explorers/img/great-explorers/christopher-columbus.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Christopher Columbus · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/romanian-cuisine/e/romanian-cuisine/strudel/": {"t": "Strudel", "s": "Layered pastry popular in Central Europe since the 18th century."}, "https://codexery.com/azerbaijani-cuisine/e/azerbaijani-cuisine/pilaf/": {"t": "Pilaf", "s": "A rice or wheat dish cooked in broth with spices."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/hungarian-language/": {"t": "Hungarian language", "s": "A Ugric language of the Uralic family, spoken by 14 million people."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/serbo-croatian/": {"t": "Serbo-Croatian", "s": "A pluricentric South Slavic language with four standard varieties."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/latin/": {"t": "Latin", "s": "A classical language of the Italic branch, Latin evolved into the Romance languages and remained a key scholarly tongue into the early 19th century."}, "https://codexery.com/peppers-citrus-fruits/e/peppers-and-citrus-fruits/bell-pepper/": {"t": "Bell pepper", "s": "Bell peppers are botanical berries used as vegetables, native to the Americas and now grown worldwide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peppers-citrus-fruits/img/peppers-and-citrus-fruits/bell-pepper.webp", "c": "Wuzyprod · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/botany-plant-biology/e/botany-and-plant-biology/sepal/": {"t": "Sepal", "s": "Green floral part that protects buds and supports petals."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/dumpling/": {"t": "Dumpling", "s": "Cooked dough dishes found across global cuisines for millennia."}, "https://codexery.com/streetfood/e/street-food/baozi/": {"t": "Baozi", "s": "Steamed filled buns from Chinese cuisine, popular worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/national-dishes/e/national-dishes/buuz/": {"t": "Buuz", "s": "Mongolian steamed dumpling filled with meat, eaten at Lunar New Year.", "i": "https://codexery.com/national-dishes/img/national-dishes/buuz.webp", "c": "Brücke-Osteuropa · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/jin-dynasty-266-420/": {"t": "Jin dynasty (266–420)", "s": "The Jin dynasty: a reunified China divided by civil war and barbarian invasions."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/wu-chinese/": {"t": "Wu Chinese", "s": "A major Chinese language group preserving medieval voiced initials."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/mandarin-chinese/": {"t": "Mandarin Chinese", "s": "Largest Sinitic language branch, basis of Standard Chinese.", "i": "https://codexery.com/languages/img/languages/mandarin-chinese.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Mandarin Chinese · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/mongol-empire/": {"t": "Mongol Empire", "s": "Largest contiguous land empire in history."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/yuan-dynasty/": {"t": "Yuan dynasty", "s": "Mongol-led dynasty that ruled all of China proper."}, "https://codexery.com/history-of-imperial-china/e/history-of-imperial-china/silk-road/": {"t": "Silk Road", "s": "Network of routes linking East and West for centuries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/history-of-imperial-china/img/history-of-imperial-china/silk-road.webp", "c": "User:Kelvin Case\nUser:Turkish Flame\n\nUser:SmallJarsWithGreenLabels · via Wikipedia: Silk Road · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/turkic-peoples/": {"t": "Turkic peoples", "s": "A collection of diverse ethnic groups speaking Turkic languages, originating in Central-East Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/mongols/": {"t": "Mongols", "s": "East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and parts of China and Siberia."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/korean-peninsula/": {"t": "Korean Peninsula", "s": "Divided peninsula with ancient kingdoms and modern global influence."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/russian-language/": {"t": "Russian language", "s": "An East Slavic language of the Indo-European family, native to Russia and widely spoken across Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/azerbaijani-cuisine/e/azerbaijani-cuisine/khash-dish/": {"t": "Khash (dish)", "s": "Traditional boiled meat dish with ancient Caucasus and Middle Eastern roots, often eaten as a hangover cure."}, "https://codexery.com/specific-languages/e/specific-languages/georgian-language/": {"t": "Georgian language", "s": "The official language of Georgia, spoken by about 3.8 million people."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts/e/languages-and-scripts/turkmen-language/": {"t": "Turkmen language", "s": "Turkmen is an Oghuz Turkic language with official status in Turkmenistan.", "i": "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts/img/languages-and-scripts/turkmen-language.webp", "c": "ThatDohDude · via Wikipedia: Turkmen language · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/pashto/": {"t": "Pashto", "s": "Eastern Iranian language, official in Afghanistan, key to Pashtun identity."}, "https://codexery.com/kitchentools/e/kitchen-tools/rolling-pin/": {"t": "Rolling pin", "s": "Cylindrical utensil for shaping and flattening dough."}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/naan/": {"t": "Naan", "s": "Leavened flatbread baked in tandoor or on tava."}, "https://codexery.com/armenian-cuisine/e/armenian-cuisine/khorovats/": {"t": "Khorovats", "s": "Armenian grilled meat for festive occasions."}, "https://codexery.com/herbs-spices/e/herbs-and-spices/tarragon/": {"t": "Tarragon", "s": "A perennial herb used in cooking and traditional medicine."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/mersin/": {"t": "Mersin", "s": "Ancient port city on Turkey's Mediterranean coast."}, "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/e/landforms-and-regions/iranian-plateau/": {"t": "Iranian plateau", "s": "Geological and historical region spanning Central and South Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/meat/": {"t": "Meat", "s": "Animal tissue consumed as food, with cultural and economic significance."}, "https://codexery.com/food-drink/e/food-and-drink/skewer/": {"t": "Skewer", "s": "A stick used to hold food together for cooking."}, "https://codexery.com/cooking/e/cooking-techniques/stew/": {"t": "Stew", "s": "A slow-cooked dish of ingredients in liquid gravy."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers/e/great-explorers/ibn-battuta/": {"t": "Ibn Battuta", "s": "The greatest traveller of the pre-modern world, whose journeys spanned Africa, Asia, and the Iberian Peninsula.", "i": "https://codexery.com/explorers/img/great-explorers/ibn-battuta.webp", "c": "Léon Benett · via Wikipedia: Ibn Battuta · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/anglosphere/": {"t": "Anglosphere", "s": "A Western-led sphere of English-speaking allied nations."}, "https://codexery.com/bbq/e/barbecue-and-grilling/shish-kebab/": {"t": "Shish kebab", "s": "Skewered and grilled meat dish of Middle Eastern origin."}, "https://codexery.com/streetfood/e/street-food/souvlaki/": {"t": "Souvlaki", "s": "Greek skewered meat dish with ancient Bronze Age origins."}, "https://codexery.com/specific-languages/e/specific-languages/indian-english/": {"t": "Indian English", "s": "English as used in India, an associate official language and lingua franca"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts/e/languages-and-scripts/uyghur-language/": {"t": "Uyghur language", "s": "Turkic language of Xinjiang, formerly called Turki or Eastern Turki."}, "https://codexery.com/streetfood/e/street-food/street-food/": {"t": "Street food", "s": "Street food: a global tradition of quick, affordable eats from carts and stalls."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/java/": {"t": "Java", "s": "World's most populous island, center of Indonesian history and culture."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/cabbage-roll/": {"t": "Cabbage roll", "s": "Cooked cabbage leaves wrapped around a savory filling."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/vegetable/": {"t": "Vegetable", "s": "Edible plant parts, cultivated since early agriculture."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/seafood/": {"t": "Seafood", "s": "Sea life harvested and consumed by humans since prehistory."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-cuisine/e/egyptian-cuisine/stuffed-leaves/": {"t": "Stuffed leaves", "s": "Stuffed leaves are a versatile Ottoman-era dish wrapped in vine or cabbage leaves."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/turkic-languages/": {"t": "Turkic languages", "s": "The Turkic languages form a family of over 35 documented languages, spoken by Turkic peoples across a vast stretch of Eurasia—from Southeastern and Eastern Euro"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/english-language/": {"t": "English language", "s": "A West Germanic language that became the world's lingua franca."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/swedish-language/": {"t": "Swedish language", "s": "North Germanic language spoken in Sweden and parts of Finland."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/romanian-language/": {"t": "Romanian language", "s": "The official language of Romania and Moldova, spoken by 22 million people as a first language."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires-rulers/e/ancient-empires-rulers/charles-xii-of-sweden/": {"t": "Charles XII of Sweden", "s": "King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718, the sixth King Charles, who inherited absolute monarchy and led Sweden through the Great Northern War."}, "https://codexery.com/cooking/e/cooking-techniques/steaming/": {"t": "Steaming", "s": "A healthy cooking method using pure steam, with ancient roots in China and around the world."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/tunisia/": {"t": "Tunisia", "s": "A North African crossroads of ancient civilizations and modern aspirations."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/french-colonial-empire/": {"t": "French colonial empire", "s": "Overseas colonies, protectorates, and mandates under French rule.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/french-colonial-empire.webp", "c": "M. G. Scott · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/tuareg-people/": {"t": "Tuareg people", "s": "Amazigh nomads of the Sahara"}, "https://codexery.com/tunisian-cuisine/e/tunisian-cuisine/couscoussier/": {"t": "Couscoussier", "s": "Double-chambered steamer for couscous in North African cuisine.", "i": "https://codexery.com/tunisian-cuisine/img/tunisian-cuisine/couscoussier.webp", "c": "YayaKaufen · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/libyan-cuisine/e/libyan-cuisine/berber-cuisine/": {"t": "Berber cuisine", "s": "Berber cuisine varies widely by region and lacks a single standard.", "i": "https://codexery.com/libyan-cuisine/img/libyan-cuisine/berber-cuisine.webp", "c": "TheGirlsNY · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/fonio/": {"t": "Fonio", "s": "A fast-growing, drought-tolerant West African cereal grain."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/rivers-of-the-world/niger-river/": {"t": "Niger River", "s": "Main river of West Africa, third-longest in Africa.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/img/rivers-of-the-world/niger-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Niger River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/territories-of-the-republic-of-genoa/e/territories-of-the-republic-of-genoa/tabarka/": {"t": "Tabarka", "s": "Tunisian coastal town with a Genoese castle and coral-fishing heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-inventions/e/ancient-inventions/food-steamer/": {"t": "Food steamer", "s": "A small appliance for cooking food with steam heat."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/eastern-europe/": {"t": "Eastern Europe", "s": "A contested subregion with shifting cultural and political boundaries."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/north-africa/": {"t": "North Africa", "s": "A region of diverse definitions, ancient civilizations, and deep cultural ties to the Arab world and the Mediterranean."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/pork/": {"t": "Pork", "s": "Pork is the second most widely eaten meat globally."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/garlic/": {"t": "Garlic", "s": "A bulbous plant used for millennia as food and remedy."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/onion/": {"t": "Onion", "s": "The most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium, known for its pungent flavor and culinary versatility."}, "https://codexery.com/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/edible-mushroom/": {"t": "Edible mushroom", "s": "Fleshy fungi consumed for flavor and nutrition, requiring careful identification.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/img/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/edible-mushroom.webp", "c": "George Chernilevsky · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cooking/e/cooking-techniques/baking/": {"t": "Baking", "s": "Dry-heat cooking method used for bread and pastries."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/sauce/": {"t": "Sauce", "s": "A liquid, cream, or semi-solid food used to enhance other dishes."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/swedish-cuisine/": {"t": "Swedish cuisine", "s": "Swedish cuisine features simple, contrasting flavours and regional variety."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/stockholm/": {"t": "Stockholm", "s": "The capital of Sweden, spanning fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/cooking/e/cooking-techniques/deep-frying/": {"t": "Deep frying", "s": "A cooking method where food is submerged in hot fat, with a history spanning millennia and global popularity."}, "https://codexery.com/bangladeshi-cuisine/e/bangladeshi-cuisine/kewra/": {"t": "Kewra", "s": "Essential oil from screwpine flowers used in cuisine and perfumery."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/sanskrit/": {"t": "Sanskrit", "s": "The classical language of South Asian religion, philosophy, and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/harun-al-rashid/": {"t": "Harun al-Rashid", "s": "The fifth Abbasid caliph whose reign marked the beginning of the Islamic Golden Age."}, "https://codexery.com/streetfood/e/street-food/samosa/": {"t": "Samosa", "s": "A fried turnover with savoury filling, popular across South Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/desserts/e/desserts/gulab-jamun/": {"t": "Gulab jamun", "s": "A sweet milk-solid dumpling soaked in rosewater-scented syrup, beloved across South Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/desserts/img/desserts/gulab-jamun.webp", "c": "Sapra5379 · via Wikipedia: Gulab jamun · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/azerbaijani-cuisine/e/azerbaijani-cuisine/rose-water/": {"t": "Rose water", "s": "A fragrant by-product of rose oil distillation used worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/national-dishes/e/national-dishes/national-dish/": {"t": "National dish", "s": "A dish strongly associated with a particular country's identity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/national-dishes/img/national-dishes/national-dish.webp", "c": "Bernt Rostad · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/palestinian-cuisine/e/palestinian-cuisine/kibbeh-nayyeh/": {"t": "Kibbeh nayyeh", "s": "A Levantine raw meat mezze with bulgur and spices."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/latin-america/": {"t": "Latin America", "s": "The cultural region of the Americas where Romance languages are predominantly spoken.", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/latin-america.webp", "c": "Henrykez · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/methodism/": {"t": "Methodism", "s": "A Protestant tradition emphasizing sanctification and methodical Christian living."}, "https://codexery.com/hungarian-cuisine/e/hungarian-cuisine/steak-tartare/": {"t": "Steak tartare", "s": "A French dish of raw ground beef, often served with a raw egg yolk and seasonings."}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/pita/": {"t": "Pita", "s": "Yeast-leavened round flatbread common in the Mediterranean and Middle East."}, "https://codexery.com/spices/e/profiles/sumac/": {"t": "Sumac", "s": "A tangy crimson spice from the Rhus genus, essential in Middle Eastern cuisine."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/yogurt/": {"t": "Yogurt", "s": "A fermented milk food with ancient origins and modern health benefits."}, "https://codexery.com/edible-fruits-and-nuts/e/edible-fruits-and-nuts/quince/": {"t": "Quince", "s": "Hard, aromatic golden fruit of ancient cultivation."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/mosul/": {"t": "Mosul", "s": "Major northern Iraqi city on the Tigris, near ancient Nineveh."}, "https://codexery.com/food-cooking/e/food-and-cooking/tofu/": {"t": "Tofu", "s": "A soybean curd staple with over 2,000 years of history."}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-and-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/eggplant/": {"t": "Eggplant", "s": "A versatile berry from the nightshade family, prized for its ability to absorb flavors."}, "https://codexery.com/spanish-cuisine/e/spanish-cuisine/basque-cuisine/": {"t": "Basque cuisine", "s": "Basque cuisine includes grilled meats, pintxos, cider, and txakoli."}, "https://codexery.com/cheese/e/cheese/manchego/": {"t": "Manchego", "s": "Spanish sheep's milk cheese with PDO status."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/rice-as-food/": {"t": "Rice as food", "s": "Staple grain consumed by over half the world's population."}, "https://codexery.com/canadian-cuisine/e/canadian-cuisine/onion-ring/": {"t": "Onion ring", "s": "Deep-fried onion rings date to an 1802 British recipe."}, "https://codexery.com/streetfood/e/street-food/chaat/": {"t": "Chaat", "s": "Family of fried dough snacks from India, popular across South Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/chili-pepper-varieties/e/varieties/new-mexico-chile/": {"t": "New Mexico chile", "s": "A cornerstone of New Mexican cuisine and cultural identity."}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/andhra-pradesh/": {"t": "Andhra Pradesh", "s": "The coastal gem of southern India, rich in history, culture, and natural resources.", "i": "https://codexery.com/indian-states/img/indian-states/andhra-pradesh.webp", "c": "456legend · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/tamil-nadu/": {"t": "Tamil Nadu", "s": "The land of Tamils, with a history spanning over 5,500 years."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/religious-practices-and-symbols/fasting/": {"t": "Fasting", "s": "Fasting: from metabolic state to religious ritual and political protest."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-cuisine/e/egyptian-cuisine/mesaqa-ah/": {"t": "Mesaqaʻah", "s": "Egyptian layered eggplant casserole with garlicky tomato sauce."}, "https://codexery.com/french-cuisine/e/french-cuisine/bouillon-broth/": {"t": "Bouillon (broth)", "s": "Savory liquid base for soups, gravies, and sauces."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/uzbek-language/": {"t": "Uzbek language", "s": "The official language of Uzbekistan, a Karluk Turkic language with over 36 million native speakers."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/kazakh-language/": {"t": "Kazakh language", "s": "Turkic language of Kazakhstan with vowel harmony and agglutinative structure."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/georgia-country/": {"t": "Georgia (country)", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, with ancient winemaking traditions and a pro-Western trajectory."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/kurds/": {"t": "Kurds", "s": "An Iranic ethnic group indigenous to Kurdistan, spanning parts of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria."}, "https://codexery.com/afghan-cuisine/e/afghan-cuisine/doogh/": {"t": "Doogh", "s": "A cold, savory Persian fermented milk drink."}, "https://codexery.com/azerbaijani-cuisine/e/azerbaijani-cuisine/kuku-food/": {"t": "Kuku (food)", "s": "Iranian egg dish served hot or cold with bread."}, "https://codexery.com/palestinian-cuisine/e/palestinian-cuisine/maqluba/": {"t": "Maqluba", "s": "A Levantine rice dish served upside-down."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/kurdish-language/": {"t": "Kurdish language", "s": "Northwestern Iranian language continuum of the Kurdish people."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/roman-empire/": {"t": "Roman Empire", "s": "Medieval and early modern empire claiming direct Roman succession, dissolved in 1806."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/ankara/": {"t": "Ankara", "s": "Capital of Turkey, ancient Galatian and Roman center."}, "https://codexery.com/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-worl/e/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-world/constantine-vii/": {"t": "Constantine VII", "s": "Byzantine emperor and scholar who compiled key historical and agronomic works.", "i": "https://codexery.com/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-worl/img/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-world/constantine-vii.webp", "c": "Classical Numismatic Group · CC BY-SA 2.5"}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/fruit-preserves/": {"t": "Fruit preserves", "s": "Fruit preserved with sugar, used as spread or condiment."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/tea/": {"t": "Tea", "s": "The world's most consumed beverage after water, steeped in history and tradition."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/mecca/": {"t": "Mecca", "s": "Holiest city in Islam and birthplace of Muhammad."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/medina/": {"t": "Medina", "s": "Second holiest city in Islam, cradle of Islamic civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/polish-cuisine/e/polish-cuisine/obwarzanek-krakowski/": {"t": "Obwarzanek krakowski", "s": "A boiled and baked ring-shaped bread from Kraków."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/uyghurs/": {"t": "Uyghurs", "s": "Turkic ethnic group native to the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwest China"}, "https://codexery.com/hungarian-cuisine/e/hungarian-cuisine/hungarian-cuisine/": {"t": "Hungarian cuisine", "s": "Spiciest cuisine in Europe, centered on paprika and meat stews."}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/puff-pastry/": {"t": "Puff pastry", "s": "A laminated pastry leavened by steam from butter layers."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/croatia/": {"t": "Croatia", "s": "A country in Central and Southeastern Europe on the Adriatic Sea, with a rich history and a modern high-income economy."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/kosovo/": {"t": "Kosovo", "s": "Landlocked Southeast European country with partial diplomatic recognition."}, "https://codexery.com/czech-cuisine/e/czech-cuisine/smetana-dairy-product/": {"t": "Smetana (dairy product)", "s": "Soured cream staple of Central and Eastern European cuisines."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/hungary/": {"t": "Hungary", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich history, from the Kingdom of Hungary to EU membership."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/paul-the-apostle/": {"t": "Paul the Apostle", "s": "Apostle to the Gentiles and author of many New Testament epistles."}, "/e/turkish-cuisine/bottarga/": {"t": "Bottarga", "s": "Salted, cured fish roe pouch, a Mediterranean delicacy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/turkish-cuisine/img/turkish-cuisine/bottarga.webp", "c": "T.Tseng · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/caviar/": {"t": "Caviar", "s": "Salt-cured sturgeon roe, a historic delicacy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seafood/img/seafood/caviar.webp", "c": "THOR · via Wikipedia: Caviar · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/cod/": {"t": "Cod", "s": "A mild-flavored, flaky white fish from the genus Gadus, popular in fish and chips and valued for its liver oil.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seafood/img/seafood/cod.webp", "c": "Hans-Petter Fjeld · via Wikipedia: Cod · CC BY-SA 2.5"}, "https://codexery.com/kitchentools/e/kitchen-tools/mortar-and-pestle/": {"t": "Mortar and pestle", "s": "Ancient hand-operated tool for grinding and crushing substances."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-cuisine/e/greek-cuisine/byzantine-cuisine/": {"t": "Byzantine cuisine", "s": "A rich fusion of ancient Greek, Roman, and Mediterranean traditions, spiced by trade and empire.", "i": "https://codexery.com/greek-cuisine/img/greek-cuisine/byzantine-cuisine.webp", "c": "Wizard85 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/romania/": {"t": "Romania", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, rich in history and natural beauty."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/mayonnaise/": {"t": "Mayonnaise", "s": "Thick, creamy emulsion of oil, egg yolk, and acid."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/achaemenid-empire/": {"t": "Achaemenid Empire", "s": "The largest empire of its time, founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/russian-empire/": {"t": "Russian Empire", "s": "Third-largest empire in history, spanning northern Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/moscow/": {"t": "Moscow", "s": "Capital of Russia, largest city in Europe, and a historic center of power and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/saint-petersburg/": {"t": "Saint Petersburg", "s": "Russia's cultural capital and historic window to Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/tomato/": {"t": "Tomato", "s": "Edible berry from the nightshade family, used worldwide as a vegetable."}, "https://codexery.com/bbq/e/barbecue-and-grilling/barbecue/": {"t": "Barbecue", "s": "Cooking method using live fire and smoke, with regional variations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bbq/img/barbecue-and-grilling/barbecue.webp", "c": "vxla from Chicago, US · via Wikipedia: Barbecue · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/other/e/other/restaurant/": {"t": "Restaurant", "s": "Where history and hospitality meet on a plate.", "i": "https://codexery.com/other/img/other/restaurant.webp", "c": "Dietmar Rabich · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/iranian-inventions/e/iranian-inventions/iranian-calendars/": {"t": "Iranian calendars", "s": "A succession of Iranian calendars spanning over two millennia."}}