{"/e/tulkus/jebtsundamba-khutuktu/": {"t": "Jebtsundamba Khutuktu", "s": "Spiritual head of Gelug Buddhism in Mongolia and Bogd Gegeen."}, "/e/tulkus/karmapa/": {"t": "Karmapa", "s": "Oldest incarnating lineage in Tibetan Buddhism, head of Karma Kagyu."}, "/e/tulkus/khandro-rinpoche/": {"t": "Khandro Rinpoche", "s": "Tibetan Buddhist lama and reincarnation of Urgyen Tsomo."}, "/e/tulkus/changkya-khutukhtu/": {"t": "Changkya Khutukhtu", "s": "Spiritual head of Gelug Buddhism in Inner Mongolia under the Qing."}, "/e/tulkus/yongey-mingyur-rinpoche/": {"t": "Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche", "s": "Tibetan Nepali teacher and meditation master."}, "/e/tulkus/shamarpa/": {"t": "Shamarpa", "s": "Second-oldest tulku lineage, holder of the red crown."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/e/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/tibetan-buddhism/": {"t": "Tibetan Buddhism", "s": "Tibetan Buddhism: A Mahayana tradition preserving Indian tantric practices and native developments, with four major schools and a non-sectarian Rimé movement."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/tibetans/": {"t": "Tibetans", "s": "An East Asian ethnic group native to Tibet, with a rich cultural heritage shaped by Tibetan Buddhism and the harsh geography of the Tibetan Plateau."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/sanskrit/": {"t": "Sanskrit", "s": "The classical language of South Asian religion, philosophy, and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/e/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/trikaya/": {"t": "Trikaya", "s": "A Buddhist doctrine of the three bodies of Buddhahood."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/e/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/vajrayana/": {"t": "Vajrayana", "s": "A Mahāyāna Buddhist tradition emphasizing esoteric practices for rapid enlightenment."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/nirm-ak-ya/": {"t": "Nirmāṇakāya", "s": "Physical manifestation of a Buddha in time and space."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/mahayana/": {"t": "Mahayana", "s": "Largest Buddhist branch emphasizing the bodhisattva path to buddhahood.", "i": "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/img/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/mahayana.webp", "c": "VargaA · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/e/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/bodhisattva/": {"t": "Bodhisattva", "s": "A being who delays nirvana to help others awaken."}, "https://codexery.com/founders-and-unifiers-of-asian-dynasties/e/founders-and-unifiers-of-asian-dynasties/altan-khan/": {"t": "Altan Khan", "s": "Leader of the Tümed Mongols, unifier of a tribal league, and patron of Tibetan Buddhism."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/yuan-dynasty/": {"t": "Yuan dynasty", "s": "Mongol-led dynasty that ruled all of China proper."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/cultural-revolution/": {"t": "Cultural Revolution", "s": "A sociopolitical movement launched by Mao Zedong from 1966 to 1976.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/cultural-revolution.webp", "c": "闫恩铭／Enming Yan · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/buddhism-in-the-west/": {"t": "Buddhism in the West", "s": "Buddhism's spread and adaptation in Western societies."}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-and-buddhist-masters/e/hindu-and-buddhist-masters/gampopa/": {"t": "Gampopa", "s": "Tibetan Buddhist master who codified Milarepa's teachings and founded Dagpo Kagyu."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/enlightenment-in-buddhism/": {"t": "Enlightenment in Buddhism", "s": "Western translation of Buddhist terms for awakening and liberation."}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/e/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/avalokite-vara/": {"t": "Avalokiteśvara", "s": "The Bodhisattva of Great Compassion, known across Buddhist traditions as the Lord Who Looks Down."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/kagyu/": {"t": "Kagyu", "s": "One of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/img/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/kagyu.webp", "c": "Michael Eisenriegler · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-and-buddhist-masters/e/hindu-and-buddhist-masters/padmasambhava/": {"t": "Padmasambhava", "s": "Semi-legendary Indian master who established Vajrayana in Tibet."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/yongle-emperor/": {"t": "Yongle Emperor", "s": "Third emperor of the Ming dynasty, known for moving the capital to Beijing and sponsoring the Yongle Encyclopedia."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/dalai-lama/": {"t": "Dalai Lama", "s": "Spiritual head of Tibetan Buddhism and historical symbol of Tibetan unity."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/dzogchen/": {"t": "Dzogchen", "s": "Tradition aiming at direct experience of the ultimate ground of existence."}, "/e/tulkus/trungpa-t-lkus/": {"t": "Trungpa tülkus", "s": "Line of twelve incarnate lamas heading Surmang monastery in Kham."}, "/e/tulkus/tulku/": {"t": "Tulku", "s": "Recognized reincarnation of a Tibetan Buddhist spiritual master."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/gelug/": {"t": "Gelug", "s": "Youngest major school of Tibetan Buddhism, founded by Je Tsongkhapa."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/e/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/tara-buddhism/": {"t": "Tara (Buddhism)", "s": "Female Buddha and saviouress in Vajrayana and Mahayana Buddhism."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/e/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/sakya/": {"t": "Sakya", "s": "One of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism, known for its Lamdre teachings and hereditary leadership."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-l/e/cities-starting-with-l/lhasa/": {"t": "Lhasa", "s": "High-altitude capital of Tibet, center of Buddhist culture and history."}, "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/1959-tibetan-uprising/": {"t": "1959 Tibetan uprising", "s": "The 1959 Tibetan uprising, also known as the Lhasa uprising, began on 10 March 1959 with protests in the Tibetan capital driven by concerns that the Chinese gov"}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/nagaland/": {"t": "Nagaland", "s": "Land of folklore and diverse tribes"}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/odisha/": {"t": "Odisha", "s": "The Land of Kalinga and Utkaḷa"}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/e/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/tert-n/": {"t": "Tertön", "s": "Discoverers of hidden Buddhist teachings for future generations."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-the-world/e/rivers-of-the-world/yamuna/": {"t": "Yamuna", "s": "Second-largest tributary of the Ganges, sacred river and goddess in Hinduism."}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/e/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/dharma/": {"t": "Dharma", "s": "Central concept in Indian-origin religions with multiple meanings."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/san-francisco/": {"t": "San Francisco", "s": "The City by the Bay, a center of liberal activism and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/oregon/": {"t": "Oregon", "s": "33rd state, known for Crater Lake and Mount Hood."}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/e/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/bodhicitta/": {"t": "Bodhicitta", "s": "The awakening mind that defines the Mahayana bodhisattva."}, "https://codexery.com/brazilian-states/e/brazilian-states/rio-grande-do-sul/": {"t": "Rio Grande do Sul", "s": "Southernmost Brazilian state with gaucho culture and high life expectancy."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/diabetes/": {"t": "Diabetes", "s": "A group of endocrine diseases marked by high blood sugar."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/religious-practices-and-symbols/cremation/": {"t": "Cremation", "s": "A method of final disposition through burning, with ancient roots and modern practice.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/img/religious-practices-and-symbols/cremation.webp", "c": "TobyEditor · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/david-bowie/": {"t": "David Bowie", "s": "The chameleon of rock who reinvented music and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/people-with-myalgic-encephalomyelitis/e/people-with-myalgic-encephalomyelitis-chronic-fatigue-syndro/pema-ch-dr-n/": {"t": "Pema Chödrön", "s": "Tibetan Buddhist nun and former Shambhala acharya."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/mahamudra/": {"t": "Mahamudra", "s": "A multivalent Buddhist term for the great seal of wisdom and emptiness.", "i": "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/img/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/mahamudra.webp", "c": "Christoher J. Fynn · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/tulkus/noyon-khutagt/": {"t": "Noyon Khutagt", "s": "Nyingma monk and reincarnate lama of the Mongolian Gobi."}, "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/e/landforms-and-regions/gobi-desert/": {"t": "Gobi Desert", "s": "A vast cold desert and grassland region spanning southern Mongolia and North China, known for its extreme climate and fossil treasures.", "i": "https://codexery.com/landforms-and-regions/img/landforms-and-regions/gobi-desert.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Kumtag Desert · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/pre-columbian-empires/qing-dynasty/": {"t": "Qing dynasty", "s": "The Qing dynasty, also called the Great Qing or Qing China, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty that ruled from 1636 or 1644 until 1912."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/e/asian-cities/ulaanbaatar/": {"t": "Ulaanbaatar", "s": "Coldest capital city; founded as a nomadic Buddhist monastery."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-of-1917-1923/e/revolutions-of/mongolian-revolution-of-1921/": {"t": "Mongolian Revolution of 1921", "s": "Revolution that expelled White Guards and founded a Soviet satellite state."}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/sichuan/": {"t": "Sichuan", "s": "Inland province in Southwestern China, home to Ba and Shu."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-and-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/life-imprisonment/": {"t": "Life imprisonment", "s": "A sentence of imprisonment for the remainder of a convict's natural life."}, "/e/tulkus/mipham-chokyi-lodro/": {"t": "Mipham Chokyi Lodro", "s": "Fourteenth Shamarpa of the Karma Kagyu school."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/nirvana/e/places/seattle/": {"t": "Seattle", "s": "A rain-drenched crucible where the sound of a generation was forged in feedback and fog."}, "https://codexery.com/food-cooking/e/food-and-cooking/vegetarianism/": {"t": "Vegetarianism", "s": "Abstention from meat, rooted in ethics, health, and religion."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-festival-or-ritual/e/animal-festival-or-ritual/life-release/": {"t": "Life release", "s": "Buddhist practice of releasing captive animals for merit."}, "https://codexery.com/festivals-and-celebrations/e/festivals-and-celebrations/earth-day/": {"t": "Earth Day", "s": "Annual April 22 event demonstrating support for environmental protection."}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/sikkim/": {"t": "Sikkim", "s": "The hidden valley of rice in the Eastern Himalaya"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/western-world/": {"t": "Western world", "s": "An evolving cultural, political, and economic concept of diverse groups."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/e/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/buddhist-philosophy/": {"t": "Buddhist philosophy", "s": "Ancient Indian system combining rational inquiry and meditation for liberation."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/republic-of-china-1912-1949/": {"t": "Republic of China (1912–1949)", "s": "First Chinese republic, ruled mainland until 1949."}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/universities/johns-hopkins-university/": {"t": "Johns Hopkins University", "s": "First U.S. research university, founded by a Quaker philanthropist.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities/img/universities/johns-hopkins-university.webp", "c": "Daderot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/lore/genghis-khan/": {"t": "Genghis Khan", "s": "Temüjin, the steppe chieftain's son who united the Mongols and founded their empire.", "i": "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/img/lore/genghis-khan.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Genghis Khan · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/socio-political-concepts/theocracy/": {"t": "Theocracy", "s": "Government by divine guidance or religious officials."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-danger/e/world-heritage-sites-in-danger/kathmandu-valley/": {"t": "Kathmandu Valley", "s": "A historic valley with seven World Heritage Sites."}, "/e/tulkus/ogyen-trinley-dorje/": {"t": "Ogyen Trinley Dorje", "s": "Claimant to the 17th Karmapa, head of Karma Kagyu."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/new-york-state/": {"t": "New York (state)", "s": "The Empire State: A global node of creativity, entrepreneurship, and natural wonder."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/e/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/tantra/": {"t": "Tantra", "s": "Esoteric yogic tradition with complex cosmologies and ritual practices."}, "https://codexery.com/female-legendary-creatures/e/female-legendary-creatures/dakini/": {"t": "Dakini", "s": "A goddess and demoness in Hindu and Buddhist traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/hindi/": {"t": "Hindi", "s": "Official language of India and lingua franca of northern India."}, "/e/tulkus/sakya-trizin/": {"t": "Sakya Trizin", "s": "Head of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/baden-w-rttemberg/": {"t": "Baden-Württemberg", "s": "A prosperous German state formed from Baden, Württemberg, and Hohenzollern."}, "/e/tulkus/ch-kyi-nyima-rinpoche/": {"t": "Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche", "s": "Tibetan Buddhist teacher and abbot of Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling Monastery."}, "/e/tulkus/kyabg-n-phakchok-rinpoche/": {"t": "Kyabgön Phakchok Rinpoche", "s": "Nyingma teacher and Taklung Kagyu lineage holder."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/buddhist-meditation/": {"t": "Buddhist meditation", "s": "Buddhist meditation is the practice of mental development and meditative absorption."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-india/e/world-heritage-sites-in-india/bodh-gaya/": {"t": "Bodh Gaya", "s": "Site of Buddha's enlightenment under the Bodhi Tree."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/nepali-language/": {"t": "Nepali language", "s": "Official language of Nepal and lingua franca of the Himalayan region."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/manchu-people/": {"t": "Manchu people", "s": "Tungusic people who founded the Qing dynasty of China."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/beijing/": {"t": "Beijing", "s": "The world's most populous national capital, blending millennia of history with cutting-edge innovation."}, "/e/tulkus/dulduityn-danzanravjaa/": {"t": "Dulduityn Danzanravjaa", "s": "Mongolian polymath and fifth Noyon Khutagt reincarnation."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/moscow/": {"t": "Moscow", "s": "Capital of Russia, largest city in Europe, and a historic center of power and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "A global city on the Thames, London blends nearly 2,000 years of history with a vibrant, multicultural present."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/yangon/": {"t": "Yangon", "s": "Myanmar's largest city and commercial heart, with a rich colonial heritage and sacred pagodas."}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-education-theorists/e/psychologists-and-education-theorists/anna-freud/": {"t": "Anna Freud", "s": "Pioneer of psychoanalytic child psychology", "i": "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-education-theorists/img/psychologists-and-education-theorists/anna-freud.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Anna Freud · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/scotland/": {"t": "Scotland", "s": "A country of ancient kingdoms, rugged highlands, and deep lochs."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/hinayana/": {"t": "Hinayana", "s": "A contested term for early Buddhist paths to liberation."}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/e/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/amit-bha/": {"t": "Amitābha", "s": "Amitābha is the Buddha of Limitless Light and Life."}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/dzungar-khanate/": {"t": "Dzungar Khanate", "s": "Last nomadic empire of the Oirat Mongols, spanning Central Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-l/e/cities-starting-with-l/lanzhou/": {"t": "Lanzhou", "s": "Capital of Gansu and gateway to the Silk Road."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/varanasi/": {"t": "Varanasi", "s": "The luminous city on the Ganges, ancient seat of learning and liberation."}, "https://codexery.com/mythical-many-headed-creatures/e/mythical-many-headed-creatures/rakshasa/": {"t": "Rakshasa", "s": "Supernatural beings in Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, and Islamic traditions."}}