{"/e/tuberculosis/extensively-drug-resistant-tuberculosis/": {"t": "Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis", "s": "A severe form of tuberculosis resistant to multiple drugs."}, "/e/tuberculosis/multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis/": {"t": "Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis", "s": "Tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, requiring second-line drugs."}, "https://codexery.com/biosafety-level-4-laboratories/e/biosafety-level-4-laboratories/centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention/": {"t": "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention", "s": "U.S. federal agency for disease control and prevention."}, "https://codexery.com/public-health-and-epidemiology/e/public-health-and-epidemiology/quarantine/": {"t": "Quarantine", "s": "Restriction on movement to prevent spread of disease or pests."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/world/paris/": {"t": "Paris", "s": "Capetian capital on the Seine."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/rome/": {"t": "Rome", "s": "The Eternal City, capital of Italy and cradle of Western civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/prague/": {"t": "Prague", "s": "City of a Hundred Spires"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/tuberculosis/": {"t": "Tuberculosis", "s": "A contagious bacterial disease, historically called consumption, that remains a global killer."}, "https://codexery.com/journalists-commentators/e/journalists-and-commentators/diane-sawyer/": {"t": "Diane Sawyer", "s": "American broadcast journalist and former Nixon White House aide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/journalists-commentators/img/journalists-and-commentators/diane-sawyer.webp", "c": "Patrick.suechan · via Wikipedia: Diane Sawyer · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/1980s-american-television-news-shows/e/1980s-american-television-news-shows/good-morning-america/": {"t": "Good Morning America", "s": "ABC's long-running morning news and lifestyle program."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/physiology-and-medicine/antibiotic/": {"t": "Antibiotic", "s": "Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances active against bacteria."}, "https://codexery.com/steroid-responsive-inflammatory/e/steroid-responsive-inflammatory-conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease/": {"t": "Inflammatory bowel disease", "s": "Chronic inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine."}, "https://codexery.com/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-s/e/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-system/ulcerative-colitis/": {"t": "Ulcerative colitis", "s": "Chronic inflammation and ulcers of the colon and rectum."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/crohn-s-disease/": {"t": "Crohn's disease", "s": "A chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting any part of the GI tract."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/hepatitis/": {"t": "Hepatitis", "s": "Inflammation of the liver, often caused by viruses or toxins."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/manganese/": {"t": "Manganese", "s": "Hard, brittle metal essential in alloys and human nutrition."}, "https://codexery.com/toxic-effects-of-metals/e/toxic-effects-of-metals/chelation-therapy/": {"t": "Chelation therapy", "s": "Medical procedure to remove heavy metals using chelating agents."}, "https://codexery.com/teratogens/e/teratogens/phenytoin/": {"t": "Phenytoin", "s": "Anti-seizure drug; risk of fetal abnormalities during pregnancy."}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/fetus/": {"t": "Fetus", "s": "Unborn offspring of viviparous animals, developing from embryo to birth."}, "https://codexery.com/nutrition-and-diet/e/nutrition-and-diet/folate/": {"t": "Folate", "s": "Essential B vitamin for DNA synthesis and fetal development."}, "https://codexery.com/tree-derived-bioactive-compounds/e/tree-derived-bioactive-compounds/salicylic-acid/": {"t": "Salicylic acid", "s": "A plant hormone and key precursor to aspirin."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/john-keats/": {"t": "John Keats", "s": "English Romantic poet whose fame grew rapidly after his death."}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/great-composers/frederic-chopin/": {"t": "Frederic Chopin", "s": "Polish composer and pianist of the early Romantic period.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers/img/great-composers/frederic-chopin.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Heart of Frédéric Chopin · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/edvard-munch/": {"t": "Edvard Munch", "s": "Norwegian painter of The Scream"}, "https://codexery.com/european-literary-masters/e/european-literary-masters/thomas-mann/": {"t": "Thomas Mann", "s": "Nobel laureate and chronicler of the European soul", "i": "https://codexery.com/european-literary-masters/img/european-literary-masters/thomas-mann.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/singer-songwriters/e/singer-songwriters/van-morrison/": {"t": "Van Morrison", "s": "Northern Irish musician known for soul, R&B, and Celtic-influenced music."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/giacomo-puccini/": {"t": "Giacomo Puccini", "s": "Italian composer of La bohème, Tosca, Madama Butterfly, and Turandot."}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/great-composers/giuseppe-verdi/": {"t": "Giuseppe Verdi", "s": "Italian composer best known for his operas.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers/img/great-composers/giuseppe-verdi.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Giuseppe Verdi · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/claude-monet/": {"t": "Claude Monet", "s": "French painter and founder of Impressionism, precursor to modernism."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/ingrid-bergman/": {"t": "Ingrid Bergman", "s": "One of the most influential actresses in cinema history."}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-inventions/e/japanese-inventions/anime/": {"t": "Anime", "s": "Japanese animation medium with global cultural impact."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/percy-bysshe-shelley/": {"t": "Percy Bysshe Shelley", "s": "English Romantic poet and radical thinker."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/edgar-allan-poe/": {"t": "Edgar Allan Poe", "s": "American writer of mystery, macabre, and detective fiction."}, "https://codexery.com/organizations-associated-with-the/e/organizations-associated-with-the-covid-19-pandemic/world-health-organization/": {"t": "World Health Organization", "s": "UN agency coordinating global health responses and standards."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-forms-tropes/e/literary-forms-and-tropes/bibliography/": {"t": "Bibliography", "s": "Bibliography studies books as physical and cultural objects."}, "https://codexery.com/bacterial-vaginosis/e/bacterial-vaginosis/actinomycetota/": {"t": "Actinomycetota", "s": "A phylum of Gram-positive bacteria important in soil and medicine."}, "https://codexery.com/pathogenic-bacteria/e/pathogenic-bacteria/mycobacterium-tuberculosis/": {"t": "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", "s": "Mycobacterium tuberculosis, often called Koch’s bacillus, is the bacterium that causes tuberculosis."}, "https://codexery.com/common-infections-and-diseases/e/common-infections-and-diseases/zoonosis/": {"t": "Zoonosis", "s": "Infectious diseases transmitted from animals to humans."}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/flagellum/": {"t": "Flagellum", "s": "A hair-like appendage providing motility across all domains of life."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology/e/microbiology/bacterial-capsule/": {"t": "Bacterial capsule", "s": "Polysaccharide layer that shields bacteria and enables disease.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbiology/img/microbiology/bacterial-capsule.webp", "c": "Doc. RNDr. Josef Reischig, CSc. · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/higher-level-taxonomy-evolution/e/higher-level-taxonomy-and-evolution/gram-positive-bacteria/": {"t": "Gram-positive bacteria", "s": "Bacteria with thick peptidoglycan retaining crystal violet stain."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry/e/chemistry/hydrochloric-acid/": {"t": "Hydrochloric acid", "s": "A strong acid essential in digestion, industry, and laboratory chemistry."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology/e/microbiology/spore/": {"t": "Spore", "s": "A reproductive unit adapted for dispersal and survival.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbiology/img/microbiology/spore.webp", "c": "Ivar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/domesticated-animals/e/domesticated-animals/llama/": {"t": "Llama", "s": "A domesticated South American camelid used as a pack animal and fiber source."}, "https://codexery.com/canids-and-hyaenids/e/canids-and-hyaenids/coyote/": {"t": "Coyote", "s": "A versatile North American canine, adaptable to human environments."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/omnivore/": {"t": "Omnivore", "s": "An animal that eats both plant and animal matter."}, "https://codexery.com/marsupials/e/marsupials/common-brushtail-possum/": {"t": "Common brushtail possum", "s": "A nocturnal, semiarboreal marsupial native to Australia and invasive in New Zealand."}, "https://codexery.com/pathology/e/pathology/pathology/": {"t": "Pathology", "s": "The study of disease, from ancient roots to modern medical practice."}, "https://codexery.com/anatomical-pathology/e/anatomical-pathology/granuloma/": {"t": "Granuloma", "s": "An organized collection of macrophages in chronic inflammation."}, "https://codexery.com/bovine-diseases/e/bovine-diseases/cryptococcosis/": {"t": "Cryptococcosis", "s": "A fungal infection causing pneumonia and meningitis, often fatal."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-fungal-diseases/e/animal-fungal-diseases/coccidioidomycosis/": {"t": "Coccidioidomycosis", "s": "A fungal infection endemic to the southwestern United States and Mexico."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/macrophage/": {"t": "Macrophage", "s": "White blood cells that engulf pathogens and regulate immune responses.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/macrophage.webp", "c": "Noah Smith · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-cell-biology/e/microbiology-and-cell-biology/microorganism/": {"t": "Microorganism", "s": "Microscopic organisms that shape life, health, and history."}, "/e/tuberculosis/esat-6/": {"t": "ESAT-6", "s": "Secretory protein of M. tuberculosis used in diagnosis and linked to virulence."}, "https://codexery.com/cytopathology/e/cytopathology/lymphadenopathy/": {"t": "Lymphadenopathy", "s": "Lymphadenopathy is abnormal lymph node size or consistency, often from infection."}, "/e/tuberculosis/bovine-tuberculosis/": {"t": "Bovine tuberculosis", "s": "A zoonotic disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis, primarily affecting cattle."}, "https://codexery.com/cytopathology/e/cytopathology/fine-needle-aspiration/": {"t": "Fine-needle aspiration", "s": "Minimally invasive cell sampling for diagnosis of masses."}, "https://codexery.com/surgery-trauma/e/surgery-and-trauma/biopsy/": {"t": "Biopsy", "s": "A medical test extracting cells or tissues for disease diagnosis."}, "/e/tuberculosis/mantoux-test/": {"t": "Mantoux test", "s": "A skin test for tuberculosis infection using purified protein derivative."}, "/e/tuberculosis/interferon-gamma-release-assay/": {"t": "Interferon gamma release assay", "s": "Blood test measuring T-cell interferon-γ release for tuberculosis diagnosis."}, "https://codexery.com/game-birds-and-waterfowl/e/game-birds-and-waterfowl/partridge/": {"t": "Partridge", "s": "Medium-sized game birds native to Europe, Asia, and Africa."}, "https://codexery.com/spanish-folklore/e/spanish-folklore/sack-man/": {"t": "Sack Man", "s": "A mean, impossibly ugly and skinny old man who eats misbehaving children he collects in a sack.", "i": "https://codexery.com/spanish-folklore/img/spanish-folklore/sack-man.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Sack Man · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/bogeymen/e/bogeymen/sacamantecas/": {"t": "Sacamantecas", "s": "Spanish bogeyman and killer who extracted human fat."}, "https://codexery.com/spanish-horror-films/e/spanish-horror-films/the-boogeyman-the-origin-of-the-myth/": {"t": "The Boogeyman: The Origin of the Myth", "s": "A teen fantasy horror inspired by the crime of Gádor."}, "https://codexery.com/tuberculosis-organizations/e/tuberculosis-organizations/international-union-against-tuberculosis-and-lung-disease/": {"t": "International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease", "s": "A global scientific body fighting tuberculosis and lung disease."}, "https://codexery.com/biosafety-level-4-laboratories/e/biosafety-level-4-laboratories/robert-koch-institute/": {"t": "Robert Koch Institute", "s": "Germany's federal institute for disease control and prevention."}, "https://codexery.com/infection-control-measures/e/infection-control-measures/eradication-of-infectious-diseases/": {"t": "Eradication of infectious diseases", "s": "Two diseases eradicated; polio and Guinea worm targeted globally."}, "https://codexery.com/tuberculosis-organizations/e/tuberculosis-organizations/stop-tb-partnership/": {"t": "Stop TB Partnership", "s": "A global alliance to end tuberculosis as a public health problem."}, "/e/tuberculosis/latent-tuberculosis/": {"t": "Latent tuberculosis", "s": "Non-contagious infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis that may later become active."}, "https://codexery.com/musculoskeletal-system/e/musculoskeletal-system/scapula/": {"t": "Scapula", "s": "The shoulder blade connects upper arm to collarbone."}, "https://codexery.com/musculoskeletal-system/e/musculoskeletal-system/rib/": {"t": "Rib", "s": "Curved bones forming the rib cage, protecting thoracic organs."}, "/e/tuberculosis/cfp-10/": {"t": "CFP-10", "s": "Secreted antigen contributing to Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/signal-transduction/": {"t": "Signal transduction", "s": "Process transmitting chemical or physical signals through cells.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/signal-transduction.webp", "c": "cybertory · via Wikipedia: Signal transduction · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/hiv-aids/": {"t": "HIV/AIDS", "s": "Retrovirus causing AIDS, manageable but incurable."}, "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs-respiratory-system/e/symptoms-and-signs-respiratory-system/sputum/": {"t": "Sputum", "s": "Mucus from lower airways examined for color and composition."}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health-psychology/e/mental-health-and-psychology/depression-mood/": {"t": "Depression (mood)", "s": "A mental state of low mood and aversion to activity."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-conditions/e/medical-conditions/hallucination/": {"t": "Hallucination", "s": "A perception in the absence of an external stimulus, with the compelling sense of reality."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/deafness/": {"t": "Deafness", "s": "Deafness spans medical hearing loss and cultural Deaf identity."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/infectious-disease/": {"t": "Infectious disease", "s": "Illness caused by pathogens invading host tissues.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/img/medical-specialties/infectious-disease.webp", "c": "Rosser1954 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/medical-conditions/e/medical-conditions/inflammation/": {"t": "Inflammation", "s": "Biological defence response of body tissues to harmful stimuli."}, "/e/tuberculosis/caseous-necrosis/": {"t": "Caseous necrosis", "s": "A cheese-like tissue death enclosed within a granuloma."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/cell-mediated-immunity/": {"t": "Cell-mediated immunity", "s": "Immune response without antibodies, using T cells and cytokines."}, "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs/e/symptoms-and-signs/fibrosis/": {"t": "Fibrosis", "s": "Fibrosis is excessive connective tissue deposition disrupting organ function."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/robert-koch/": {"t": "Robert Koch", "s": "Founder of modern bacteriology and discoverer of the causative agents of tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/yorkshire/": {"t": "Yorkshire", "s": "God's own country"}, "https://codexery.com/human-relationships-and-life-stages/e/human-relationships-and-life-stages/adolescence/": {"t": "Adolescence", "s": "Transitional stage from puberty to adulthood."}, "https://codexery.com/zoonoses/e/zoonoses/leishmaniasis/": {"t": "Leishmaniasis", "s": "A parasitic disease spread by sandflies, affecting millions globally."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/covid-19/": {"t": "COVID-19", "s": "COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2."}, "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs-respiratory-system/e/symptoms-and-signs-respiratory-system/phlegm/": {"t": "Phlegm", "s": "Respiratory mucus often expelled by coughing as sputum."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/washington-d-c/": {"t": "Washington, D.C.", "s": "The federal capital city of the United States, anchored on the Potomac River."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/diabetes/": {"t": "Diabetes", "s": "A group of endocrine diseases marked by high blood sugar."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/hiv/": {"t": "HIV", "s": "Retrovirus causing AIDS, transmitted via bodily fluids."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "The New York Times", "s": "The Gray Lady, a U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-atlantic/": {"t": "The Atlantic", "s": "A literary magazine turned general-interest publication.", "i": "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/img/magazines-and-newspapers/the-atlantic.webp", "c": "PCN02WPS · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/e/royalty-and-heads-of-state/edward-vii/": {"t": "Edward VII", "s": "King of the United Kingdom and Emperor of India from 1901 to 1910.", "i": "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/img/royalty-and-heads-of-state/edward-vii.webp", "c": "Author (artist) unknown (work was published in 1888) · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/connective-tissue-diseases/e/connective-tissue-diseases/lupus-erythematosus/": {"t": "Lupus erythematosus", "s": "An autoimmune disease affecting multiple body systems, most commonly systemic."}, "/e/tuberculosis/heaf-test/": {"t": "Heaf test", "s": "Skin test for tuberculosis exposure, discontinued in 2005."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-procedures-and-treatments/e/medical-procedures-and-treatments/screening-medicine/": {"t": "Screening (medicine)", "s": "Testing asymptomatic individuals to detect disease early.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-procedures-and-treatments/img/medical-procedures-and-treatments/screening-medicine.webp", "c": "Knowledge and philosophy · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/medical-procedures/e/medical-procedures/intradermal-injection/": {"t": "Intradermal injection", "s": "A shallow injection into the dermis for testing and vaccination."}, "https://codexery.com/social-issues/e/social-issues/national-health-service/": {"t": "National Health Service", "s": "Four publicly funded healthcare systems serving the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/effects-of-external-causes/e/effects-of-external-causes/hypersensitivity/": {"t": "Hypersensitivity", "s": "An immune response causing tissue damage, reproducible upon re-exposure to antigen."}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/universities-and-colleges/imperial-college-london/": {"t": "Imperial College London", "s": "Public research university formed from 1907 mergers in South Kensington."}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/radiography/": {"t": "Radiography", "s": "Imaging the unseen with X-rays and radiation."}, "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs-digestive-system/e/symptoms-and-signs-digestive-system-and-abdomen/hepatomegaly/": {"t": "Hepatomegaly", "s": "Enlargement of the liver, a sign with many possible causes."}, "https://codexery.com/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-s/e/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-system/pancreatitis/": {"t": "Pancreatitis", "s": "Inflammation of the pancreas causing severe abdominal pain."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/protein/": {"t": "Protein", "s": "Essential biomolecules that catalyze, structure, and regulate life."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/cell-wall/": {"t": "Cell wall", "s": "Structural layer outside cell membrane providing support and protection."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/operon/": {"t": "Operon", "s": "A cluster of genes transcribed into a single mRNA molecule."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/antimicrobial-resistance/": {"t": "Antimicrobial resistance", "s": "Microbes evolve to resist drugs that once treated infections."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-procedures-and-treatments/e/medical-procedures-and-treatments/therapy/": {"t": "Therapy", "s": "Therapy is the attempted remediation of a health problem."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/plasmid/": {"t": "Plasmid", "s": "Small, extrachromosomal DNA molecules that replicate independently within cells.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/plasmid.webp", "c": "explorebiology · via Wikipedia: Plasmid · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/horizontal-gene-transfer/": {"t": "Horizontal gene transfer", "s": "Movement of genetic material between organisms not via parent-to-offspring inheritance."}, "https://codexery.com/latin-american-cities/e/latin-american-cities/lima/": {"t": "Lima", "s": "Capital and largest city of Peru, political and cultural center."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/georgia-country/": {"t": "Georgia (country)", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, with ancient winemaking traditions and a pro-Western trajectory."}, "https://codexery.com/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/e/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/therapeutic-drug-monitoring/": {"t": "Therapeutic drug monitoring", "s": "Measuring blood drug levels to optimize therapy individually."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/moldova/": {"t": "Moldova", "s": "Landlocked Eastern European parliamentary republic with a rich history and EU candidate status."}, "https://codexery.com/public-health-organizations/e/public-health-organizations/european-centre-for-disease-prevention-and-control/": {"t": "European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control", "s": "EU agency for infectious disease prevention and control."}}