{"/e/sub-roman-britain/anglo-saxons/": {"t": "Anglo-Saxons", "s": "Old English-speaking cultural group in early medieval Britain."}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/celtic-inscribed-stone/": {"t": "Celtic inscribed stone", "s": "Stone monuments with Celtic or Latin inscriptions from post-Roman Britain."}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/de-excidio-et-conquestu-britanniae/": {"t": "De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae", "s": "A near-contemporary Latin sermon on sub-Roman Britain's ruin."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/late-antiquity/": {"t": "Late antiquity", "s": "Period of transformation from classical antiquity to medieval worlds."}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/end-of-roman-rule-in-britain/": {"t": "End of Roman rule in Britain", "s": "Roman military withdrawal left Britain autonomous after 410."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/roman-empire/": {"t": "Roman Empire", "s": "Medieval and early modern empire claiming direct Roman succession, dissolved in 1806."}, "https://codexery.com/arthurian-characters/e/arthurian-characters/constantine-iii-western-roman-emperor/": {"t": "Constantine III (Western Roman emperor)", "s": "Roman usurper who became co-emperor and grandfather of Arthur."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/cornwall/": {"t": "Cornwall", "s": "A Celtic nation and ceremonial county in South West England."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/cumbria/": {"t": "Cumbria", "s": "Ceremonial county in North West England, home to the Lake District."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/wales/": {"t": "Wales", "s": "A country of mountains, coast, and ancient culture, part of the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/religious/columba/": {"t": "Columba", "s": "Irish abbot and missionary who spread Christianity in Scotland"}, "https://codexery.com/welsh-folklore/e/welsh-folklore/king-arthur/": {"t": "King Arthur", "s": "Legendary king of Britain and folk hero."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/christian-church-bodies/celtic-christianity/": {"t": "Celtic Christianity", "s": "A term for early medieval Christian practices in Celtic regions, now seen as problematic by modern historians."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-civilizations/e/ancient-civilizations/saxons/": {"t": "Saxons", "s": "Germanic people of early medieval Old Saxony, conquered by Charlemagne."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-scotland/e/world-heritage-sites-in-scotland/antonine-wall/": {"t": "Antonine Wall", "s": "Roman turf wall across Scotland, northern frontier of the empire.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-scotland/img/world-heritage-sites-in-scotland/antonine-wall.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Antonine Wall · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/sons-of-roman-emperors/e/sons-of-roman-emperors/honorius/": {"t": "Honorius", "s": "Western Roman emperor during the sack of Rome in 410."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/characters/alaric-i/": {"t": "Alaric I", "s": "First king of the Visigoths and the man who sacked Rome in 410."}, "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/e/great-collapses/the-sack-of-rome-410-ad/": {"t": "The Sack of Rome, 410 AD", "s": "The city of Rome retained a paramount position as 'the eternal city' and a spiritual center of the Empire.", "i": "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/img/great-collapses/the-sack-of-rome-410-ad.webp", "c": "Fustel de Coulanges · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/procopius/": {"t": "Procopius", "s": "Principal historian of the 6th century, chronicler of Justinian's wars and scandals."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/bede/": {"t": "Bede", "s": "Father of English History and Doctor of the Church"}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/historia-brittonum/": {"t": "Historia Brittonum", "s": "Early medieval chronicle shaping British legendary history."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/story/norman-conquest-of-england/": {"t": "Norman Conquest of England", "s": "William of Normandy's invasion of England in 1066."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-showmen-occultists-and-hoaxers/e/legendary-showmen-occultists-and-hoaxers/geoffrey-of-monmouth/": {"t": "Geoffrey of Monmouth", "s": "The cleric who forged the Arthurian legend"}, "https://codexery.com/locations-associated-with-arthurian/e/locations-associated-with-arthurian-legend/carlisle/": {"t": "Carlisle", "s": "Roman border city with a medieval castle and cathedral."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-cities/e/ancient-cities/londinium/": {"t": "Londinium", "s": "Roman London, a key commercial and administrative centre of Britannia."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/stilicho/": {"t": "Stilicho", "s": "The half-Vandal general who ruled the Western Roman Empire.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/stilicho.webp", "c": "Carlodell · via Wikipedia: Stilicho · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/knights-of-the-round-table/e/knights-of-the-round-table/constantine-briton/": {"t": "Constantine (Briton)", "s": "6th-century king of Dumnonia and legendary successor to Arthur."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/old-english/": {"t": "Old English", "s": "Earliest attested form of the English language."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/scotland/": {"t": "Scotland", "s": "A country of ancient kingdoms, rugged highlands, and deep lochs."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/christianity/": {"t": "Christianity", "s": "World's largest religion, centered on Jesus Christ."}, "https://codexery.com/roman-emperor-consuls/e/roman-emperor-consuls/magnus-maximus/": {"t": "Magnus Maximus", "s": "Usurper who ruled the West and shaped British legend."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/latin/": {"t": "Latin", "s": "A classical language of the Italic branch, Latin evolved into the Romance languages and remained a key scholarly tongue into the early 19th century."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/medieval-europe/normans/": {"t": "Normans", "s": "From Norse raiders to rulers of Europe"}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/middle-english/": {"t": "Middle English", "s": "Middle English was the language of England after the Norman Conquest.", "i": "https://codexery.com/languages/img/languages/middle-english.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Middle English · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/english-language/": {"t": "English language", "s": "A West Germanic language that became the world's lingua franca."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/north-sea/": {"t": "North Sea", "s": "A shallow European shelf sea, rich in history, fisheries, and energy resources."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-isthmuses/e/peninsulas-and-isthmuses/jutland/": {"t": "Jutland", "s": "Peninsula forming continental Denmark and part of northern Germany."}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements-styles/e/art-movements-and-styles/anglo-saxon-art/": {"t": "Anglo-Saxon art", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/alcuin/": {"t": "Alcuin", "s": "Anglo-Saxon scholar and teacher who shaped the Carolingian Renaissance."}, "https://codexery.com/german-folklore/e/german-folklore/saint-boniface/": {"t": "Saint Boniface", "s": "English Benedictine monk and missionary to the Germanic peoples.", "i": "https://codexery.com/german-folklore/img/german-folklore/saint-boniface.webp", "c": "Cornelis Bloemaert · via Wikipedia: Saint Boniface · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/factions/franks/": {"t": "Franks", "s": "The Germanic people of the Rhine who came to rule much of Western Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alfred-the-great/": {"t": "Alfred the Great", "s": "King of the West Saxons and Anglo-Saxons; defeated Vikings and reformed England."}, "https://codexery.com/specific-languages/e/specific-languages/irish-language/": {"t": "Irish language", "s": "Irish is a Celtic language native to Ireland, with a rich literary history and official status in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, and the European Un"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/pope-gregory-i/": {"t": "Pope Gregory I", "s": "The 64th Bishop of Rome and a Father of the Church", "i": "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/img/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/pope-gregory-i.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Pope Gregory I · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/tetrarchy/e/tetrarchy/carausius/": {"t": "Carausius", "s": "Usurper who ruled Britain and northern Gaul for seven years.", "i": "https://codexery.com/tetrarchy/img/tetrarchy/carausius.webp", "c": "Anagoria · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/tetrarchy/e/tetrarchy/allectus/": {"t": "Allectus", "s": "Usurper who ruled Britain and northern Gaul from 293 to 296.", "i": "https://codexery.com/tetrarchy/img/tetrarchy/allectus.webp", "c": "Buckinghamshire County Council, Lynne Buckley, 2007-06-19 15:24:39 · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/flavius-aetius/": {"t": "Flavius Aetius", "s": "Roman general and statesman, dominant figure in the Western Empire for two decades (433–454), victor at the Catalaunian Plains.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/flavius-aetius.webp", "c": "Giovanni Dall'Orto · via Wikipedia: Flavius Aetius · Attribution"}, "https://codexery.com/welsh-folklore/e/welsh-folklore/vortigern/": {"t": "Vortigern", "s": "5th-century British warlord who invited Saxons to Britain."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/sussex/": {"t": "Sussex", "s": "The historic kingdom and county of the South Saxons."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/kent/": {"t": "Kent", "s": "The Garden of England"}, "https://codexery.com/european-medieval-monarchs/e/european-medieval-monarchs/constantine-ii-of-scotland/": {"t": "Constantine II of Scotland", "s": "Early King of Alba who abdicated to a monastery after a 43-year reign."}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/dumnonia/": {"t": "Dumnonia", "s": "Brythonic kingdom in Sub-Roman South West England."}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/sub-roman-britain/": {"t": "Sub-Roman Britain", "s": "The period between Roman withdrawal and Anglo-Saxon dominance in Britain."}, "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/e/writing-systems/greek-alphabet/": {"t": "Greek alphabet", "s": "Earliest alphabet to systematically write vowels and consonants.", "i": "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/img/writing-systems/greek-alphabet.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/factions/byzantine-empire/": {"t": "Byzantine Empire", "s": "The Eastern Roman Empire, ruled from Constantinople until 1453."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/spanish-language/": {"t": "Spanish language", "s": "A global Romance language originating in the Kingdom of Castile."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/iberian-peninsula/": {"t": "Iberian Peninsula", "s": "Second-largest European peninsula, home to Spain and Portugal."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/galicia-spain/": {"t": "Galicia (Spain)", "s": "Northwest Spanish region with Celtic roots and self-government."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/spain/": {"t": "Spain", "s": "A country spanning the Iberian Peninsula, with a history from Roman Hispania to a modern constitutional monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-spain/e/regions-of-spain/asturias/": {"t": "Asturias", "s": "Green Spain's mountainous principality, cradle of the Reconquista."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/e/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/toledo-spain/": {"t": "Toledo, Spain", "s": "Historic city on the Tagus, former Visigothic capital and UNESCO site."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church/": {"t": "Catholic Church", "s": "The largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members.", "i": "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/img/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Christianity by country · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts/e/languages-and-scripts/welsh-language/": {"t": "Welsh language", "s": "A Brittonic Celtic language native to Wales with official status."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-showmen-occultists-and-hoaxers/e/legendary-showmen-occultists-and-hoaxers/iolo-morganwg/": {"t": "Iolo Morganwg", "s": "Welsh antiquarian and forger who shaped modern Druidry.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legendary-showmen-occultists-and-hoaxers/img/legendary-showmen-occultists-and-hoaxers/iolo-morganwg.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Iolo Morganwg · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/essex/": {"t": "Essex", "s": "Ceremonial county in South East England with ancient woodland and long coastline."}, "https://codexery.com/castles-by-type/e/castles-by-type/castra/": {"t": "Castra", "s": "Roman military camps and forts that shaped empire and city foundations."}, "https://codexery.com/roman-emperor-consuls/e/roman-emperor-consuls/claudius/": {"t": "Claudius", "s": "Fourth Julio-Claudian emperor, conquered Britain, expanded bureaucracy."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/boudica/": {"t": "Boudica", "s": "Queen of the Iceni who led a failed revolt against Rome."}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/pliny-the-elder/": {"t": "Pliny the Elder", "s": "Roman author and naturalist who wrote the encyclopedic Natural History and died rescuing others from Mount Vesuvius."}, "https://codexery.com/new-forest-folklore/e/new-forest-folklore/battle-of-camlann/": {"t": "Battle of Camlann", "s": "Legendary final battle of King Arthur, of disputed historicity."}, "https://codexery.com/war-gods/e/war-gods/camulus/": {"t": "Camulus", "s": "Gaulish war god equated with Mars, patron of the Remi."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/augustus/": {"t": "Augustus", "s": "Founder of the Roman Empire and its first emperor."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/suetonius/": {"t": "Suetonius", "s": "Roman historian and biographer of the Twelve Caesars"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/caligula/": {"t": "Caligula", "s": "Third Roman emperor, ruling from AD 37 until his assassination."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/english-channel/": {"t": "English Channel", "s": "The busiest shipping area in the world, separating Southern England from northern France."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/julius-caesar/": {"t": "Julius Caesar", "s": "Roman general, dictator, and author who transformed the Republic."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/e/rivers-of-europe/river-thames/": {"t": "River Thames", "s": "Longest river entirely in England, flowing through London."}, "https://codexery.com/norman-castles/e/norman-castles/colchester-castle/": {"t": "Colchester Castle", "s": "Largest Norman keep in Europe, built on Roman temple foundations."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/seneca-the-younger/": {"t": "Seneca the Younger", "s": "Stoic philosopher, dramatist, and advisor to Emperor Nero."}, "https://codexery.com/medicinal-clay/e/medicinal-clay/terra-sigillata/": {"t": "Terra sigillata", "s": "A term for medicinal clay, Roman pottery, and modern ceramic slip."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-inventions/e/ancient-inventions/hypocaust/": {"t": "Hypocaust", "s": "Ancient Roman underfloor heating system that circulated hot air."}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/gallic-empire/": {"t": "Gallic Empire", "s": "A breakaway Roman state in the West, 260–274."}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/wales-in-the-early-middle-ages/": {"t": "Wales in the Early Middle Ages", "s": "Rural kingdoms shaped by family, faith, and English neighbours."}, "https://codexery.com/castellologists/e/castellologists/leslie-alcock/": {"t": "Leslie Alcock", "s": "Archaeologist of Early Medieval Britain and excavator of Cadbury Castle."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/isle-of-man/": {"t": "Isle of Man", "s": "A self-governing Crown Dependency with a distinct identity and history."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/devon/": {"t": "Devon", "s": "Ceremonial county in South West England with two coastlines."}, "https://codexery.com/cornish-folklore/e/cornish-folklore/m-n-scryfa/": {"t": "Mên Scryfa", "s": "Early medieval inscribed stone in Cornwall, UK.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cornish-folklore/img/cornish-folklore/m-n-scryfa.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Mên Scryfa · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/ancient-rome/": {"t": "Ancient Rome", "s": "Ancient Rome spanned from 753 BC to 476 AD."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/germanic-languages/": {"t": "Germanic languages", "s": "Branch of Indo-European including English, German, Dutch, and Scandinavian languages."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-classical-texts/e/ancient-and-classical-texts/ecclesiastical-history-of-the-english-people/": {"t": "Ecclesiastical History of the English People", "s": "Bede completed his Ecclesiastical History of the English People around the year 731, when he was about 59 years old."}, "https://codexery.com/english-heroic-legends/e/english-heroic-legends/cerdic-of-wessex/": {"t": "Cerdic of Wessex", "s": "Founder and first king of Wessex, of disputed origin."}, "https://codexery.com/poets-of-the-ancient-world/e/poets-of-the-ancient-world/c-dmon/": {"t": "Cædmon", "s": "Earliest named English poet, inspired by a dream.", "i": "https://codexery.com/poets-of-the-ancient-world/img/poets-of-the-ancient-world/c-dmon.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/cheshire/": {"t": "Cheshire", "s": "Ceremonial county in North West England with diverse economy."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/phonology/": {"t": "Phonology", "s": "Study of how languages organize sound and sign elements."}, "https://codexery.com/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/e/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/morphology-linguistics/": {"t": "Morphology (linguistics)", "s": "Study of word structure and formation in language."}, "https://codexery.com/arthurian-characters/e/arthurian-characters/ambrosius-aurelianus/": {"t": "Ambrosius Aurelianus", "s": "Romano-British war leader and legendary figure.", "i": "https://codexery.com/arthurian-characters/img/arthurian-characters/ambrosius-aurelianus.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Ambrosius Aurelianus · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/christian-sacred-texts/book-of-daniel/": {"t": "Book of Daniel", "s": "Biblical apocalypse set in the 6th century BC, written in the 2nd century BC."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/christian-sacred-texts/book-of-revelation/": {"t": "Book of Revelation", "s": "The last book of the New Testament, an apocalyptic prophecy."}, "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/e/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-and-beyond/cunedda/": {"t": "Cunedda", "s": "Alleged founder of the First Dynasty of Gwynedd."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/somerset/": {"t": "Somerset", "s": "A rural county with ancient history and cultural festivals."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-greek-astronomers/e/ancient-greek-astronomers/ptolemy/": {"t": "Ptolemy", "s": "Greco-Roman scholar who authored the Almagest and Geography."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-classical-texts/e/ancient-and-classical-texts/geography-ptolemy/": {"t": "Geography (Ptolemy)", "s": "A 2nd-century gazetteer and atlas foundational to later cartography."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/french-language/": {"t": "French language", "s": "A Romance language of the Indo-European family, descended from Vulgar Latin and shaped by Celtic and Frankish influences."}, "https://codexery.com/history-books-about-ancient-rome/e/history-books-about-ancient-rome/commentarii-de-bello-gallico/": {"t": "Commentarii de Bello Gallico", "s": "Caesar's first-hand account of the Gallic Wars."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/mediterranean-sea/": {"t": "Mediterranean Sea", "s": "Eponymous mediterranean sea enclosed by Africa, Asia, and Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/img/seas-and-oceans/mediterranean-sea.webp", "c": "of the modification : Eric Gaba (Sting) · via Wikipedia: Mediterranean Sea · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/joseph-of-arimathea/e/joseph-of-arimathea/glastonbury-abbey/": {"t": "Glastonbury Abbey", "s": "Medieval monastery linked to King Arthur and Joseph of Arimathea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/joseph-of-arimathea/img/joseph-of-arimathea/glastonbury-abbey.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Glastonbury Abbey · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/christian-church-bodies/archbishop-of-canterbury/": {"t": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "s": "Senior bishop and primate of the Church of England, spiritual leader of the Anglican Communion."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-england/e/world-heritage-sites-in-england/bath-somerset/": {"t": "Bath, Somerset", "s": "Roman-built spa city with Georgian architecture and UNESCO status.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-england/img/world-heritage-sites-in-england/bath-somerset.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Bath, Somerset · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/iron-age/": {"t": "Iron Age", "s": "Final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/iron-age.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Iron Age · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/locations-associated-with-arthurian/e/locations-associated-with-arthurian-legend/cadbury-castle-somerset/": {"t": "Cadbury Castle, Somerset", "s": "Bronze and Iron Age hillfort linked to King Arthur's Camelot.", "i": "https://codexery.com/locations-associated-with-arthurian/img/locations-associated-with-arthurian-legend/cadbury-castle-somerset.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Cadbury Castle, Somerset · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/duchies-and-electorates-of-the-holy-roma/e/duchies-and-electorates-of-the-holy-roman-empire/duchy-of-brittany/": {"t": "Duchy of Brittany", "s": "A medieval duchy on the northwestern peninsula of France, never part of the Holy Roman Empire."}, "https://codexery.com/sons-of-roman-emperors/e/sons-of-roman-emperors/gratian/": {"t": "Gratian", "s": "Western Roman emperor, eldest son of Valentinian I."}, "https://codexery.com/deified-roman-emperors/e/deified-roman-emperors/theodosius-i/": {"t": "Theodosius I", "s": "Last emperor to rule the entire Roman Empire."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-legends/e/medieval-legends/coel-hen/": {"t": "Coel Hen", "s": "Legendary founder of northern British royal lines.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medieval-legends/img/medieval-legends/coel-hen.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Coel Hen · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/e/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/alps/": {"t": "Alps", "s": "Major European mountain range spanning eight countries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/img/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/alps.webp", "c": "Terra (EOS AM-1) satellite · via Wikipedia: Alps · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/croatia/": {"t": "Croatia", "s": "A country in Central and Southeastern Europe on the Adriatic Sea, with a rich history and a modern high-income economy."}, "https://codexery.com/roman-emperor-consuls/e/roman-emperor-consuls/eugenius/": {"t": "Eugenius", "s": "Western Roman emperor elevated by Arbogast, defeated by Theodosius."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/medieval-europe/ostrogoths/": {"t": "Ostrogoths", "s": "Germanic people who founded a kingdom in Italy under Theodoric."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/calabria/": {"t": "Calabria", "s": "Southern Italian region with Greek roots and linguistic diversity."}, "https://codexery.com/maximian/e/maximian/bagaudae/": {"t": "Bagaudae", "s": "Peasant insurgents in late Roman Gaul and Hispania."}, "https://codexery.com/tall-tales/e/tall-tales/hyperbole/": {"t": "Hyperbole", "s": "Exaggeration used for emphasis, not meant literally."}, "https://codexery.com/british-folklore/e/british-folklore/brutus-of-troy/": {"t": "Brutus of Troy", "s": "Mythical Trojan descendant and first king of Britain."}, "https://codexery.com/legendary-progenitors/e/legendary-progenitors/aeneas/": {"t": "Aeneas", "s": "Trojan hero and legendary progenitor of the Roman people."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/mary-mother-of-jesus/": {"t": "Mary, mother of Jesus", "s": "First-century Jewish woman, mother of Jesus, venerated in multiple faiths."}, "https://codexery.com/characters-in-beowulf/e/characters-in-beowulf/hengist/": {"t": "Hengist", "s": "Legendary Germanic invader and founder of the Kingdom of Kent."}, "https://codexery.com/castle-ruins-in-wales/e/castle-ruins-in-wales/dinas-emrys/": {"t": "Dinas Emrys", "s": "Hillfort and legendary site of Vortigern's tower and the dragons."}, "https://codexery.com/english-folklore/e/english-folklore/merlin/": {"t": "Merlin", "s": "Mythical prophet and magician in Arthurian legend."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-european-legendary-creatures/e/medieval-european-legendary-creatures/cynocephaly/": {"t": "Cynocephaly", "s": "Dog-headed human hybrids appear worldwide in myth and medieval legend."}, "https://codexery.com/edinburgh-castle/e/edinburgh-castle/eidyn/": {"t": "Eidyn", "s": "Brittonic region and stronghold of the Gododdin kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/werewolves/e/werewolves/gwrgi-garwlwyd/": {"t": "Gwrgi Garwlwyd", "s": "A fierce warrior in Welsh legend, possibly a werewolf."}, "https://codexery.com/knights-of-the-round-table/e/knights-of-the-round-table/bedivere/": {"t": "Bedivere", "s": "One-handed warrior and marshal of King Arthur's court."}, "https://codexery.com/mythology/e/mythology/euhemerism/": {"t": "Euhemerism", "s": "Myths as exaggerated history of real persons and events."}, "https://codexery.com/locations-associated-with-arthurian/e/locations-associated-with-arthurian-legend/caerleon/": {"t": "Caerleon", "s": "Roman fortress and Arthurian capital in Welsh legend."}, "https://codexery.com/locations-associated-with-arthurian/e/locations-associated-with-arthurian-legend/caledonian-forest/": {"t": "Caledonian Forest", "s": "Ancient temperate forest of Scotland, reduced to 35 authenticated remnants.", "i": "https://codexery.com/locations-associated-with-arthurian/img/locations-associated-with-arthurian-legend/caledonian-forest.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Caledonian Forest · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/arthurian-characters/e/arthurian-characters/cavall/": {"t": "Cavall", "s": "King Arthur's favorite dog, used in the hunt for Twrch Trwyth."}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/calchfynydd/": {"t": "Calchfynydd", "s": "Obscure Britonnic kingdom known only from Cadrawd Calchfynydd."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/historical-region/": {"t": "Historical region", "s": "Geographical regions defined by past cultural or political significance.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/historical-region.webp", "c": "Yamen · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/northern-england/": {"t": "Northern England", "s": "The North of England: a land of historic counties, industrial heritage, and debated borders."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/e/rivers-of-europe/river-tyne/": {"t": "River Tyne", "s": "River in North East England, historically vital for coal and shipbuilding."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/characters/henry-ii-of-england/": {"t": "Henry II of England", "s": "First Plantagenet king of England and ruler of the Angevin Empire."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/middle-ages/": {"t": "Middle Ages", "s": "The middle epoch between classical antiquity and the modern period.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/middle-ages.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Middle Ages · see source"}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/viroconium-cornoviorum/": {"t": "Viroconium Cornoviorum", "s": "Roman city and former capital of the Cornovii tribe."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/shropshire/": {"t": "Shropshire", "s": "A ceremonial county in the West Midlands of England, on the border with Wales."}, "https://codexery.com/castle-ruins-in-wales/e/castle-ruins-in-wales/dinefwr-castle/": {"t": "Dinefwr Castle", "s": "Ruined castle overlooking the River Towy, chief seat of Deheubarth."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/e/rivers-of-europe/river-severn/": {"t": "River Severn", "s": "Great Britain's longest river, rising in mid Wales and reaching the sea through the Severn Estuary."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/hampshire/": {"t": "Hampshire", "s": "A ceremonial county in South East England, historically known as the County of Southampton until its renaming to Hampshire in 1959."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-surface/e/geology-and-earth-surface/sandstone/": {"t": "Sandstone", "s": "Clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized silicate grains.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-surface/img/geology-and-earth-surface/sandstone.webp", "c": "Douglas W. Jones · CC0"}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/groans-of-the-britons/": {"t": "Groans of the Britons", "s": "Final Roman-era plea from Britons against Pict and Scot raids."}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/wansdyke/": {"t": "Wansdyke", "s": "Early medieval linear earthworks in the West Country of England."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/hadrian/": {"t": "Hadrian", "s": "Roman emperor from 117 to 138, builder of Hadrian's Wall and a promoter of philhellenism."}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/wroxeter-stone/": {"t": "Wroxeter Stone", "s": "A 5th-century inscribed stone from Wroxeter with Primitive Irish text."}, "https://codexery.com/castellologists/e/castellologists/philip-a-barker/": {"t": "Philip A. Barker", "s": "British archaeologist known for excavation methodology and castle studies."}, "https://codexery.com/aerial-photography/e/aerial-photography/aerial-archaeology/": {"t": "Aerial archaeology", "s": "Aerial archaeology reveals hidden sites through images from above."}, "/e/sub-roman-britain/old-north-britain/": {"t": "Old North (Britain)", "s": "Brittonic kingdoms of early medieval northern England and southern Scotland."}, "https://codexery.com/society-of-ancient-rome/e/society-of-ancient-rome/romanization-cultural/": {"t": "Romanization (cultural)", "s": "Cultural assimilation of conquered peoples by Rome."}, "https://codexery.com/housing-furniture/e/housing-and-furniture/villa/": {"t": "Villa", "s": "From ancient Roman country estates to modern suburban homes, the villa has evolved across centuries and cultures."}, "https://codexery.com/locations-associated-with-arthurian/e/locations-associated-with-arthurian-legend/carmarthen/": {"t": "Carmarthen", "s": "Roman Moridunum, medieval walled town, and county town of Carmarthenshire."}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-and-reference/e/part-1/lexicon/": {"t": "Lexicon", "s": "The vocabulary inventory of a language or branch of knowledge."}, "https://codexery.com/norse-myths/e/norse-myths/odin/": {"t": "Odin", "s": "Widely revered Norse god of war, death, and wisdom."}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/other-european-regions/west-country/": {"t": "West Country", "s": "A loosely defined region of South West England with a distinct dialect."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/wiltshire/": {"t": "Wiltshire", "s": "Chalk downlands, ancient stone circles, and the land of the Moonrakers."}}