Dark-banded fusilier (Pterocaesio tile)

Classification (WoRMS)

Full classification as recorded by WoRMS: Kingdom: Animalia · Phylum: Chordata · Class: Teleostei · Order: Eupercaria incertae sedis · Family: Caesionidae · Genus: Pterocaesio.

Accepted name: Pterocaesio tile · Authority: (Cuvier, 1830) · Taxonomic status: accepted · AphiaID: 213656.

Synonyms and superseded combinations recorded for this taxon: Caesio cylindricus Günther, 1859; Caesio multiradiatus Steindachner, 1861; Caesio tile Cuvier, 1830; Caesio tricolor Cuvier, 1830; Clupeolabrus dubius Nichols, 1923.

Source: World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) — https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=213656 (CC BY 4.0). Accessed 2026-09-23.

Biology and life history (FishBase)

Measured values published by FishBase for Pterocaesio tile. Only fields the database actually holds for this species are shown; these are database values, not aquarium guidance.

Maximum length: 30 cm · Common length: 21.200000762939453 cm · Depth range: 0–60 m · Habitat zone: reef-associated · Body shape: fusiform / normal · Vulnerability index: 20 of 100 · Fishery importance: commercial · Aquarium trade: never/rarely.

FishBase notes: Ranges widely around coral reefs. Juveniles occasionally appear in large numbers in shallow lagoons and on reef flats (Ref. 9710). Feeds on zooplankton in midwater aggregations. Oviparous, with numerous, small pelagic eggs (Ref. 402). Also caught by drive-in nets. Tuna baitfish. Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.

Source: FishBase species summary (SpecCode 939) — https://www.fishbase.se/summary/Pterocaesio-tile.html (CC BY-NC 3.0 — non-commercial use only). Accessed 2026-09-23.

Distribution and occurrence records (GBIF)

7,543 georeferenced occurrence records for Pterocaesio tile are published through GBIF from 45 countries or marine areas. The map above plots 266 distinct locations from a sample of 3,000 records, omitting 17 inland records that carry an institution's coordinates rather than a collection site; it shows where the species has been observed and reported, not a modelled range.

Most records by country or area: Solomon Islands (3,349); Australia (1,129); American Samoa (353); Northern Mariana Islands (300); United States Minor Outlying Islands (268).

The full country table, WoRMS marine regions and the sampling notes are on this species' Distribution page.

Source: GBIF Occurrence Search (taxonKey 2374759) — https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=2374759&has_coordinate=true (records CC0 / CC BY); WoRMS distribution records (MarineRegions) — https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=213656 (CC BY 4.0); Natural Earth 110m basemap — https://www.naturalearthdata.com/ (public domain). Accessed 2026-09-23.

Conservation status (IUCN Red List)

The IUCN Red List assesses Pterocaesio tile (Cuvier, 1830) as Least Concern (code LC). No trend, population estimate or threat analysis is given here, because none is available from this source without the Red List API; follow the source link for the full assessment, including its date.

Source: IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (taxon 20253151) — https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/20253151/0; GBIF IUCN Red List category endpoint (taxonKey 2374759) — https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/2374759/iucnRedListCategory. Accessed 2026-09-23.

Description and natural history (Wikipedia)

The dark-banded fusilier was first formally described as Caesio tile in 1830 by the French zoologist Georges Cuvier with the type locality given as the Caroline Islands. When the Dutch ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker described Pterocaesio as a new genus in 1876 he used Caesio multiradiatus, a species described by the Austrian ichthyologist Franz Steindachner in 1861, as the type species. C. multiradiatus was subsequently considered to be a synonym of Cuvier's C. tile. Kent E. Carpenter placed this species in the monospecific subgenus Pterocaesio in his review of the Caesionidae of 1987. The specific name tile is the local name for this species in the Caroline Islands.

The dark banded fusilier has a fusiform, elongated and compressed body. There are small conical teeth in the jaws and on the vomer and palatines. The dorsal fin contains 10–12 spines and 19–22 soft rays, while the anal fin has three spines and 13 soft rays. There are scales on both the dorsal and anal fins. There are 22–24 rays in the pectoral fins. This species attains a maximum total length of 30 cm, although a standard length of 21.2 cm is more typical. The overall colour is brownish with each scale on the back having a white spot creating rows. The lower body is pink to reddish, and there is a wide iridescent blue stripe extending from the snout to the caudal peduncle edged above by a thin black stripe reaching onto the upper lobe of the caudal fin. There is also a black spot on the base of the pectoral fin. They can quickly change colour, darkening to reddish below while shortening the blue stripe. The dorsal fin is pale bluish-green to pinkish and there is a black streak in the lower lobe of the caudal fin, separate from the black lateral stripe which runs onto the upper lobe.

The dark-banded fusilier is widespread in Indo-Pacific, from East Africa to the Tuamoto Islands, southern Japan, Mauritius, and the Austral Islands. In Australian waters it occurs at the Rowley Shoals off Western Australia, Ashmore Reef in the Timor Sea and on the far northern Great Barrier Reef, as well as at reefs in the Coral Sea to the Solitary Islands in New South Wales and at Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands. This species is a coral-reef associated species. It usually can be found in lagoon and on the reef flats at depths to 60 m.

The dark-banded fusilier is a schooling fish and it joins in mixed schools with other fusiliers. The juveniles can occur in large aggregations in shallow lagoons and on reef flats. The schools forage for zooplankton in midwater. It is an oviparous species which lays large numbers of small, pelagic eggs.

The dark-banded fusilier is heavily exploited in parts of its range, it is fished for using drive-in nets, gill nets, traps and blast fishing it is also caught to be used as bait by commercial tuna fisheries. Where it is sold for human consumption it can be sold as fresh fish or preserved as salt fish.

Source: Wikipedia: Dark-banded fusilier — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark-banded_fusilier (CC BY-SA 4.0). Accessed 2026-09-23.

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