{"https://codexery.com/disasters/e/historic-disasters/the-challenger-disaster/": {"t": "The Challenger disaster", "s": "A colliery spoil tip collapsed onto a Welsh village, killing 116 children and 28 adults."}, "https://codexery.com/satellite-operators/e/satellite-operators/united-states-space-force-combat-forces-command/": {"t": "United States Space Force Combat Forces Command", "s": "U.S. Space Force field command for operations, cyber, and intelligence."}, "https://codexery.com/computing-software/e/computing-and-software/microsoft-windows/": {"t": "Microsoft Windows", "s": "Proprietary operating system by Microsoft, dominant on desktops since the 1990s."}, "https://codexery.com/challenge-awards/e/challenge-awards/darpa-grand-challenge/": {"t": "DARPA Grand Challenge", "s": "Prize competition for American autonomous vehicles funded by DARPA."}, "https://codexery.com/uav-manufacturers/e/uav-manufacturers/lockheed-martin/": {"t": "Lockheed Martin", "s": "Top U.S. federal contractor since at least 2008."}, "https://codexery.com/missions-to-the-moon/e/missions-to-the-moon/lunar-prospector/": {"t": "Lunar Prospector", "s": "Lunar orbiter that mapped surface composition and found hydrogen ice."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/athena-i/": {"t": "Athena I", "s": "American small expendable launch system, four flights from 1995 to 2001."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/athena-ii/": {"t": "Athena II", "s": "American small expendable launch system, flown 1998–1999."}, "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/e/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrazine/": {"t": "Hydrazine", "s": "A versatile inorganic compound used in propellants, foams, and pharmaceuticals.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/img/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrazine.webp", "c": "Ben Mills · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/space-shuttle/": {"t": "Space Shuttle", "s": "Partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/athena/": {"t": "Athena", "s": "Goddess of wisdom, warfare, and handicraft; patron of Athens."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/athena-rocket-family/": {"t": "Athena (rocket family)", "s": "Lockheed Martin solid-propellant launch system, retired and briefly revived."}, "https://codexery.com/amateur-radio-satellites/e/amateur-radio-satellites/starshine-3/": {"t": "Starshine 3", "s": "Student-built satellite studied upper atmosphere density using mirrors and radio beacon."}, "https://codexery.com/gemstones/e/gemstones/sapphire/": {"t": "Sapphire", "s": "A precious gemstone variety of corundum, third-hardest mineral after diamond and moissanite.", "i": "https://codexery.com/gemstones/img/gemstones/sapphire.webp", "c": "Chip Clark, Smithsonian staff · via Wikipedia: Sapphire · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/agriculture-food/e/agriculture-and-food/biofuel/": {"t": "Biofuel", "s": "Renewable fuel from biomass, debated for sustainability and land use."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/massachusetts/": {"t": "Massachusetts", "s": "A New England state with a rich colonial and revolutionary history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/massachusetts.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/maine/": {"t": "Maine", "s": "Northeasternmost state in the contiguous United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/maine.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/pandemics/e/pandemics/covid-19-pandemic/": {"t": "COVID-19 pandemic", "s": "Global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, beginning in late 2019."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/new-mexico/": {"t": "New Mexico", "s": "Land of diverse cultures, history, and high desert."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/cape-canaveral/": {"t": "Cape Canaveral", "s": "Historic cape and major U.S. rocket launch site."}, "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/e/automotive-industry/chrysler/": {"t": "Chrysler", "s": "One of the Big Three U.S. automakers, now a Stellantis subsidiary.", "i": "https://codexery.com/automotive-industry/img/automotive-industry/chrysler.webp", "c": "Riley from Christchurch, New Zealand · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/space-shuttle-program/e/space-shuttle-program/space-shuttle-design-process/": {"t": "Space Shuttle design process", "s": "NASA's shuttle design evolved from fully reusable concepts to a compromise design."}, "https://codexery.com/spacecraft-that-orbited-the-moon/e/spacecraft-that-orbited-the-moon/apollo-command-and-service-module/": {"t": "Apollo command and service module", "s": "Mother ship of the Apollo lunar landing program."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/boeing-x-20-dyna-soar/": {"t": "Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar", "s": "USAF spaceplane program for military missions, cancelled in 1963."}, "https://codexery.com/human-spaceflight-programs/e/human-spaceflight-programs/apollo-program/": {"t": "Apollo program", "s": "The United States human spaceflight program that landed the first humans on the Moon."}, "https://codexery.com/aircraft-components/e/aircraft-components/delta-wing/": {"t": "Delta wing", "s": "A triangular wing form optimized for high-speed flight."}, "https://codexery.com/units-measurement/e/units-and-measurement/nautical-mile/": {"t": "Nautical mile", "s": "Unit of length for air, marine, and space navigation."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-of-new-york-city/e/cuisine-of-new-york-city/lox/": {"t": "Lox", "s": "Brined salmon fillet, often smoked, served on a bagel."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/low-earth-orbit/": {"t": "Low Earth orbit", "s": "Low Earth orbit hosts most artificial satellites and space stations."}, "https://codexery.com/apollo-program/e/apollo-program/apollo-applications-program/": {"t": "Apollo Applications Program", "s": "NASA program that evolved into the Skylab space station."}, "https://codexery.com/supernatural/e/world/new-orleans-louisiana/": {"t": "New Orleans, Louisiana", "s": "The Crescent City on the Mississippi, where Creole culture, Voodoo and Mardi Gras grew up together.", "i": "https://codexery.com/supernatural/img/world/new-orleans-louisiana.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: New Orleans · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/artemis-program/e/artemis-program/vehicle-assembly-building/": {"t": "Vehicle Assembly Building", "s": "World's largest single-story building, hub for rocket assembly.", "i": "https://codexery.com/artemis-program/img/artemis-program/vehicle-assembly-building.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Vehicle Assembly Building · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/space-shuttle-program/e/space-shuttle-program/kennedy-space-center-launch-complex-39/": {"t": "Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39", "s": "Historic Moonport turned Space Shuttle and Artemis launch site."}, "https://codexery.com/space-shuttle-program/e/space-shuttle-program/crawler-transporter/": {"t": "Crawler-transporter", "s": "Tracked vehicles that moved Saturn rockets and Space Shuttles."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-mars/e/exploration-of-mars/space-exploration-initiative/": {"t": "Space Exploration Initiative", "s": "Bush-era plan for Moon base and Mars mission."}, "https://codexery.com/human-missions-to-mars/e/human-missions-to-mars/human-mission-to-mars/": {"t": "Human mission to Mars", "s": "Proposals to send astronauts to Mars have existed since the 1950s."}, "https://codexery.com/satellites/e/satellites/international-designator/": {"t": "International Designator", "s": "International identifier for artificial objects in space."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-mars/e/exploration-of-mars/heliocentric-orbit/": {"t": "Heliocentric orbit", "s": "An orbit around the Sun, followed by planets, comets, asteroids, and many artificial probes."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/corporations/northrop-grumman/": {"t": "Northrop Grumman", "s": "American aerospace and defense contractor formed by 1994 merger.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations/img/corporations/northrop-grumman.webp", "c": "Clearfieldcity · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/firefly-alpha/": {"t": "Firefly Alpha", "s": "American small satellite launcher developed by Firefly Aerospace."}, "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/russo-ukrainian-war-2022-present/": {"t": "Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)", "s": "Largest war in Europe since World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/virginia/": {"t": "Virginia", "s": "First permanent English colony in the New World."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/texas/": {"t": "Texas", "s": "Second-largest U.S. state by area, but first in Fortune 500 headquarters and gross state product."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/polar-orbit/": {"t": "Polar orbit", "s": "Satellite orbit passing near both poles each revolution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/img/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/polar-orbit.webp", "c": "NOAA · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/spacecraft-that-broke-apart-in-space/e/spacecraft-that-broke-apart-in-space/delta-rocket-family/": {"t": "Delta (rocket family)", "s": "American expendable launch system family, 1960–2024."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/eclipse-rocket/": {"t": "Eclipse (rocket)", "s": "Partially reusable medium-lift rocket by Firefly and Northrop Grumman."}, "https://codexery.com/materials/e/materials/carbon-fiber-reinforced-polymer/": {"t": "Carbon fiber reinforced polymer", "s": "Composite material with carbon fiber reinforcement for high strength and stiffness."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/composite-material/": {"t": "Composite material", "s": "Composite materials merge dissimilar constituents for enhanced properties."}, "https://codexery.com/human-missions-to-mars/e/human-missions-to-mars/spacex-mars-colonization-program/": {"t": "SpaceX Mars colonization program", "s": "SpaceX's plan for a self-sustaining Martian colony."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/mars/": {"t": "Mars", "s": "The fourth planet from the Sun, a desert world with polar ice caps."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/e/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/solar-system/": {"t": "Solar System", "s": "The Sun and all objects gravitationally bound to it.", "i": "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/img/planets-and-stellar-astronomy/solar-system.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Solar System · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/methane/": {"t": "Methane", "s": "Simplest alkane, main component of natural gas, potent greenhouse gas."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-mars/e/exploration-of-mars/mars-landing/": {"t": "Mars landing", "s": "Correcting the record on Mars landings"}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/spacex-launch-vehicles/": {"t": "SpaceX launch vehicles", "s": "SpaceX builds and flies Falcon rockets and develops Starship."}, "https://codexery.com/business-tycoons-and-industrialists/e/business-tycoons-and-industrialists/elon-musk/": {"t": "Elon Musk", "s": "Business magnate, entrepreneur, and investor."}, "https://codexery.com/finance-and-investment/e/finance-and-investment/private-equity/": {"t": "Private equity", "s": "Private equity invests in private companies using leverage and active management."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/earth/": {"t": "Earth", "s": "The only known planet with liquid surface water and life."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-mars/e/exploration-of-mars/exploration-of-mars/": {"t": "Exploration of Mars", "s": "Mars: The Red Planet, explored by robotic pioneers from Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-mars/e/exploration-of-mars/colonization-of-mars/": {"t": "Colonization of Mars", "s": "The Red Planet's frontier: challenges and dreams of a human settlement."}, "https://codexery.com/doom/e/characters/bfg-weapon/": {"t": "BFG (weapon)", "s": "Iconic fictional weapon from id Software's Doom and Quake games.", "i": "https://codexery.com/doom/img/characters/bfg-weapon.webp", "c": "The image may be obtained from id Software. · via Wikipedia: BFG (weapon) · Fair use"}, "https://codexery.com/classic-video-games/e/classic-video-games/doom-1993-video-game/": {"t": "Doom (1993 video game)", "s": "Doom is a first-person shooter released in 1993, created and published by id Software for MS-DOS."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/advanced-launch-system/": {"t": "Advanced Launch System", "s": "Joint USAF-NASA heavy-lift launch vehicle study, 1987–1990."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/geosynchronous-orbit/": {"t": "Geosynchronous orbit", "s": "An Earth orbit synchronized with the planet's rotation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/img/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/geosynchronous-orbit.webp", "c": "MikeRun · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/satellite-navigation-and-gps/e/satellite-navigation-and-gps/global-positioning-system/": {"t": "Global Positioning System", "s": "A satellite navigation system providing global positioning and timing."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/juno-ii/": {"t": "Juno II", "s": "American launch vehicle derived from the Jupiter missile."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/jupiter-c/": {"t": "Jupiter-C", "s": "American sub-orbital test vehicle for re-entry nosecone development."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/pgm-19-jupiter/": {"t": "PGM-19 Jupiter", "s": "First USAF nuclear-armed MRBM, deployed in Italy and Turkey."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/redstone-rocket-family/": {"t": "Redstone (rocket family)", "s": "American rocket family that launched first U.S. satellite and astronauts."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/explorer-1/": {"t": "Explorer 1", "s": "First U.S. satellite and discoverer of the Van Allen radiation belt."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/explorers-program/": {"t": "Explorers Program", "s": "NASA's long-running series of small scientific satellites."}, "https://codexery.com/satellites/e/satellites/satellite/": {"t": "Satellite", "s": "Artificial objects placed into orbit around a celestial body."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/sputnik-1/": {"t": "Sputnik 1", "s": "Sputnik 1, meaning \"Satellite-One\" in Russian, was the first artificial Earth satellite."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-the-united-states/e/space-program-of-the-united-states/army-ballistic-missile-agency/": {"t": "Army Ballistic Missile Agency", "s": "Developed the Redstone missile and launched Explorer 1."}, "https://codexery.com/project-mercury/e/project-mercury/pgm-11-redstone/": {"t": "PGM-11 Redstone", "s": "First large U.S. ballistic missile; launched first American astronaut."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-the-united-states/e/space-program-of-the-united-states/project-orbiter/": {"t": "Project Orbiter", "s": "Early US satellite project canceled in favor of Vanguard."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/explorer-2/": {"t": "Explorer 2", "s": "Failed to orbit due to fourth stage ignition failure."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/jupiter/": {"t": "Jupiter", "s": "Largest planet in the Solar System, a gas giant with a Great Red Spot."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/juno-i/": {"t": "Juno I", "s": "Four-stage rocket that launched America's first satellite."}, "https://codexery.com/missions-to-the-moon/e/missions-to-the-moon/pioneer-3/": {"t": "Pioneer 3", "s": "Failed lunar probe that helped discover the outer Van Allen belt."}, "https://codexery.com/missions-to-the-moon/e/missions-to-the-moon/pioneer-4/": {"t": "Pioneer 4", "s": "First U.S. spacecraft to escape Earth's gravity."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/explorer-7/": {"t": "Explorer 7", "s": "Mapped Earth's radiation budget from orbit."}, "https://codexery.com/nasa-space-probes/e/nasa-space-probes/explorer-8/": {"t": "Explorer 8", "s": "NASA satellite that studied the ionosphere and micrometeorites."}, "https://codexery.com/project-mercury/e/project-mercury/cape-canaveral-launch-complex-5/": {"t": "Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 5", "s": "Launch site for America's first suborbital human spaceflights."}, "https://codexery.com/satellite-launch-failures/e/satellite-launch-failures/explorer-s-1-satellite/": {"t": "Explorer S-1 (satellite)", "s": "NASA satellite destroyed seconds after launch by guidance system short circuit."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-the-united-states/e/space-program-of-the-united-states/project-mercury/": {"t": "Project Mercury", "s": "First US crewed space program, six astronauts flew."}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/vostok-1/": {"t": "Vostok 1", "s": "First human orbital spaceflight, carrying Yuri Gagarin."}, "https://codexery.com/spacecraft-that-broke-apart-in-space/e/spacecraft-that-broke-apart-in-space/rm-81-agena/": {"t": "RM-81 Agena", "s": "American upper stage and satellite bus used for reconnaissance and docking."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-mars/e/exploration-of-mars/vision-for-space-exploration/": {"t": "Vision for Space Exploration", "s": "A plan to return humans to the Moon and explore Mars."}, "https://codexery.com/space-shuttle-program/e/space-shuttle-program/shuttle-derived-vehicle/": {"t": "Shuttle-derived vehicle", "s": "Launch vehicles using Space Shuttle components and technology."}, "https://codexery.com/human-missions-to-mars/e/human-missions-to-mars/constellation-program/": {"t": "Constellation program", "s": "NASA program aiming for Moon and Mars, cancelled in 2010."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/orion-spacecraft/": {"t": "Orion (spacecraft)", "s": "NASA's deep-space crew capsule for Artemis lunar missions."}, "https://codexery.com/human-spaceflight-programs/e/human-spaceflight-programs/space-shuttle-program/": {"t": "Space Shuttle program", "s": "NASA's reusable spaceplane program flew 135 missions from 1981 to 2011."}, "https://codexery.com/artemis-program/e/artemis-program/space-launch-system/": {"t": "Space Launch System", "s": "NASA's super heavy-lift rocket for the Artemis program.", "i": "https://codexery.com/artemis-program/img/artemis-program/space-launch-system.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Space Launch System · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/space-shuttle-program/e/space-shuttle-program/rs-25/": {"t": "RS-25", "s": "Liquid-fuel cryogenic rocket engine for Space Shuttle and SLS."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/space-shuttle-orbiter/": {"t": "Space Shuttle orbiter", "s": "Reusable spaceplane of NASA's Space Shuttle program, flown 1981–2011."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-the-moon/e/exploration-of-the-moon/exploration-systems-architecture-study/": {"t": "Exploration Systems Architecture Study", "s": "NASA study that shaped the Constellation program."}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/the-international-space-station/": {"t": "The International Space Station", "s": "The International Space Station (ISS) is a modular spacecraft in low Earth orbit, assembled and operated by five partner agencies: NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, a"}, "https://codexery.com/notable-asteroids/e/notable-asteroids/near-earth-asteroid/": {"t": "Near-Earth asteroid", "s": "Near-Earth asteroids are small bodies whose orbits bring them close to Earth."}, "https://codexery.com/flight-instruments-and-avionics/e/flight-instruments-and-avionics/inertial-navigation-system/": {"t": "Inertial navigation system", "s": "A self-contained navigation system using accelerometers and gyroscopes."}, "https://codexery.com/aircraft-components/e/aircraft-components/angle-of-attack/": {"t": "Angle of attack", "s": "Angle between a body's reference line and oncoming flow."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry/e/chemistry/ethanol/": {"t": "Ethanol", "s": "Organic compound, CNS depressant, active ingredient in alcoholic beverages."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/jupiter-a/": {"t": "Jupiter-A", "s": "Redstone-derived test vehicle for Jupiter MRBM components."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/bearing-mechanical/": {"t": "Bearing (mechanical)", "s": "Machine element that reduces friction and constrains motion."}, "https://codexery.com/binary-and-multiple-stars/e/binary-and-multiple-stars/antares/": {"t": "Antares", "s": "Red supergiant binary star, heart of Scorpius."}, "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/altitude/": {"t": "Altitude", "s": "Vertical distance measurement with context-dependent definitions and critical aviation applications.", "i": "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/img/physical-geography-and-elevation/altitude.webp", "c": "CVersteeg · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/human-spaceflight-programs/e/human-spaceflight-programs/virgin-galactic/": {"t": "Virgin Galactic", "s": "Commercial spaceflight company offering suborbital tourist flights."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/virgin-group/": {"t": "Virgin Group", "s": "British conglomerate founded by Richard Branson and Nik Powell.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/virgin-group.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Virgin Group · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/space-telescopes/e/space-telescopes/arkyd-100/": {"t": "Arkyd-100", "s": "Planned low-cost space telescope for asteroid prospecting."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers/e/radio-manufacturers/surrey-satellite-technology/": {"t": "Surrey Satellite Technology", "s": "Pioneer of small satellites using commercial off-the-shelf components."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/venus/": {"t": "Venus", "s": "Earth's twin, hottest planet, shrouded in sulfuric acid clouds."}, "https://codexery.com/airliners/e/airliners/boeing-747/": {"t": "Boeing 747", "s": "The original Jumbo Jet that revolutionized air travel.", "i": "https://codexery.com/airliners/img/airliners/boeing-747.webp", "c": "Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez (Lmbuga) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/stars-and-stellar-objects/e/stars-and-stellar-objects/asteroid/": {"t": "Asteroid", "s": "Rocky, metallic, or icy minor planets orbiting the Sun, mostly in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/cornwall/": {"t": "Cornwall", "s": "A Celtic nation and ceremonial county in South West England."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-brazil/e/space-program-of-brazil/alc-ntara-space-center/": {"t": "Alcântara Space Center", "s": "Brazilian equatorial launch base operated by the Air Force."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/hawaii/": {"t": "Hawaii", "s": "Island state with a tropical climate and diverse heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/warfare-military-history/e/warfare-and-military-history/anti-aircraft-warfare/": {"t": "Anti-aircraft warfare", "s": "Measures to nullify or reduce hostile air action.", "i": "https://codexery.com/warfare-military-history/img/warfare-and-military-history/anti-aircraft-warfare.webp", "c": "AceDouble · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/lagrange-point/": {"t": "Lagrange point", "s": "Equilibrium points for small objects in two-body gravitational systems."}, "https://codexery.com/electric-motors/e/electric-motors/brush-electric/": {"t": "Brush (electric)", "s": "Conducts current between stationary and rotating parts of electrical machines."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism/e/electromagnetism/lorentz-force/": {"t": "Lorentz force", "s": "Force on a charged particle by electric and magnetic fields."}, "https://codexery.com/kerbal-space-program/e/lore/g-force/": {"t": "G-force", "s": "Acceleration measured in multiples of gravity."}, "https://codexery.com/american-educational-television-series/e/american-educational-television-series/nova-american-tv-program/": {"t": "Nova (American TV program)", "s": "American popular science television program since 1974."}, "https://codexery.com/science-fiction-and-fantasy-writers/e/science-fiction-and-fantasy-writers/robert-a-heinlein/": {"t": "Robert A. Heinlein", "s": "American science fiction author, engineer, and naval officer."}, "https://codexery.com/hard-science-fiction-novels/e/hard-science-fiction-novels/the-moon-is-a-harsh-mistress/": {"t": "The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress", "s": "A 1966 novel about a lunar revolt and libertarian ideals."}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/political-systems-and-elections/federal-government-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Federal government of the United States", "s": "National government of the United States, established by the Constitution."}, "https://codexery.com/satellite-operators/e/satellite-operators/space-systems-command/": {"t": "Space Systems Command", "s": "Space Force field command for acquisition, launch, and logistics.", "i": "https://codexery.com/satellite-operators/img/satellite-operators/space-systems-command.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Space Systems Command · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/e/civil-law-and-remedies/lawsuit/": {"t": "Lawsuit", "s": "A civil court proceeding initiated by a plaintiff against a defendant.", "i": "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/img/civil-law-and-remedies/lawsuit.webp", "c": "Rrmmll22 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/reusable-booster-system/": {"t": "Reusable Booster System", "s": "USAF program for a reusable booster, cancelled in 2012."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-models/e/economic-concepts-and-models/competition-economics/": {"t": "Competition (economics)", "s": "Rivalry among firms to obtain limited goods by varying price, product, promotion, and place.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-models/img/economic-concepts-and-models/competition-economics.webp", "c": "Costcurve_-_Combined.png : The original uploader was Trampled at English Wikiped · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/satellite-navigation-and-gps/e/satellite-navigation-and-gps/usa-289/": {"t": "USA-289", "s": "First GPS Block III satellite, heaviest GPS satellite launched."}, "https://codexery.com/satellites/e/satellites/anti-satellite-weapon/": {"t": "Anti-satellite weapon", "s": "Space weapons designed to incapacitate or destroy satellites."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/chinese-inventions/artillery/": {"t": "Artillery", "s": "Ranged weapons launching munitions far beyond infantry firearms."}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/edward-teller/": {"t": "Edward Teller", "s": "Hungarian-American physicist, father of the hydrogen bomb."}, "https://codexery.com/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-soviet/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-soviet-union/r-7-semyorka/": {"t": "R-7 Semyorka", "s": "World's first ICBM, basis for the R-7 rocket family."}, "https://codexery.com/primates/e/primates/squirrel-monkey/": {"t": "Squirrel monkey", "s": "Small New World monkeys known for their distinctive facial markings."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-fatalities/e/space-program-fatalities/gordo-monkey/": {"t": "Gordo (monkey)", "s": "Early U.S. monkey in space; data contributed to space research.", "i": "https://codexery.com/space-program-fatalities/img/space-program-fatalities/gordo-monkey.webp", "c": "Threeohsix · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/dwight-d-eisenhower/": {"t": "Dwight D. Eisenhower", "s": "34th president of the United States and Supreme Commander of Allied forces in Europe during World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/charles-de-gaulle/": {"t": "Charles de Gaulle", "s": "French general and statesman who led Free France and founded the Fifth Republic."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/yorkshire/": {"t": "Yorkshire", "s": "God's own country"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-tentative-list-for-turkey/e/world-heritage-tentative-list-for-turkey/i-zmir/": {"t": "İzmir", "s": "Ancient Aegean port city with millennia of history."}, "https://codexery.com/german-inventions-of-the-nazi-period/e/german-inventions-of-the-nazi-period/ballistic-missile/": {"t": "Ballistic missile", "s": "A rocket-powered projectile following a ballistic trajectory."}, "https://codexery.com/project-mercury/e/project-mercury/mercury-redstone-launch-vehicle/": {"t": "Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle", "s": "First American crewed space booster, used for sub-orbital Mercury flights."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-australia/e/space-program-of-australia/sparta-rocket/": {"t": "Sparta (rocket)", "s": "Three-stage rocket that launched Australia's first satellite."}, "/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-united-states/national-security-space-launch/": {"t": "National Security Space Launch", "s": "USSF program assuring military access to space."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-the-united-states/e/space-program-of-the-united-states/rutherford-rocket-engine/": {"t": "Rutherford (rocket engine)", "s": "First flight-ready electric-pump-fed rocket engine."}, "https://codexery.com/battery-types/e/battery-types/lithium-polymer-battery/": {"t": "Lithium polymer battery", "s": "A rechargeable battery using a solid or gel polymer electrolyte.", "i": "https://codexery.com/battery-types/img/battery-types/lithium-polymer-battery.webp", "c": "Rebirth10 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/3d-printing/e/3d-printing/3d-printing/": {"t": "3D printing", "s": "Additive manufacturing builds objects layer by layer from digital models."}, "https://codexery.com/animated-television-series-about-familie/e/animated-television-series-about-families/the-jetsons/": {"t": "The Jetsons", "s": "A space-age animated sitcom about a futuristic family."}, "https://codexery.com/missions-to-the-moon/e/missions-to-the-moon/lunar-lander/": {"t": "Lunar lander", "s": "Spacecraft designed to land on the Moon's surface.", "i": "https://codexery.com/missions-to-the-moon/img/missions-to-the-moon/lunar-lander.webp", "c": "Neil Armstrong · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-the-moon/e/exploration-of-the-moon/google-lunar-x-prize/": {"t": "Google Lunar X Prize", "s": "Privately funded race to land a rover on the Moon.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-the-moon/img/exploration-of-the-moon/google-lunar-x-prize.webp", "c": "Steve Jurvetson from Los Altos, USA · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/human-spaceflight-programs/e/human-spaceflight-programs/lunex-project/": {"t": "Lunex Project", "s": "USAF plan for a crewed lunar landing and Moon base."}, "https://codexery.com/film-history/e/film-history/star-wars/": {"t": "Star Wars", "s": "A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away...", "i": "https://codexery.com/film-history/img/film-history/star-wars.webp", "c": "Original: The Walt Disney Company, Suzy Rice Vector:  Weweje · via Wikipedia: Star Wars · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/corporations/microsoft/": {"t": "Microsoft", "s": "The largest software company by revenue and one of the most valuable brands globally.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations/img/corporations/microsoft.webp", "c": "3aFW · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/e/transportation-engineering/aircraft/": {"t": "Aircraft", "s": "A vehicle that flies by gaining support from the air.", "i": "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/img/transportation-engineering/aircraft.webp", "c": "Dinkun Chen · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/geostationary-orbit/": {"t": "Geostationary orbit", "s": "A fixed point in the sky for global communications and observation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/img/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/geostationary-orbit.webp", "c": "NOAA · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-soviet/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-soviet-union/proton-rocket-family/": {"t": "Proton (rocket family)", "s": "Soviet/Russian hypergolic heavy-lift launch vehicle family."}, "https://codexery.com/atmosphere/e/atmosphere/atmosphere/": {"t": "Atmosphere", "s": "A layer of gases enveloping an astronomical object, retained by gravity."}, "https://codexery.com/earth/e/earth/earth-s-rotation/": {"t": "Earth's rotation", "s": "Earth spins eastward, slowing over time but recently accelerating."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/classical-mechanics/drag-physics/": {"t": "Drag (physics)", "s": "A force opposing motion through a fluid, dependent on velocity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/img/classical-mechanics/drag-physics.webp", "c": "Nubifer // Wiki LIC (Spanish translation) · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/e/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/kinetic-energy/": {"t": "Kinetic energy", "s": "Energy of motion, quantified as ½mv² in classical mechanics."}, "https://codexery.com/units-measurement/e/units-and-measurement/joule/": {"t": "Joule", "s": "English physicist whose work led to the SI unit of energy."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers/e/radio-manufacturers/general-electric/": {"t": "General Electric", "s": "American conglomerate formed from Edison and Thomson-Houston merger in 1892."}, "https://codexery.com/norwegian-inventions/e/norwegian-inventions/coilgun/": {"t": "Coilgun", "s": "Electromagnetic accelerator using coils, distinct from railguns and Gauss guns.", "i": "https://codexery.com/norwegian-inventions/img/norwegian-inventions/coilgun.webp", "c": "Karl Williams · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/materials-and-states-of-matter/e/materials-and-states-of-matter/superconductivity/": {"t": "Superconductivity", "s": "Phenomenon of zero electrical resistance and magnetic field expulsion."}, "https://codexery.com/apollo-16/e/apollo-16/apollo-16/": {"t": "Apollo 16", "s": "Fifth crewed lunar landing, second J mission, explored Descartes Highlands."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/nitrous-oxide/": {"t": "Nitrous oxide", "s": "A gas with medical, recreational, and industrial uses."}, "https://codexery.com/units-measurement/e/units-and-measurement/newton-unit/": {"t": "Newton (unit)", "s": "SI unit of force, named after Isaac Newton."}}