{"/e/southern-pacific-railroad/southern-pacific-narrow-gauge/": {"t": "Southern Pacific (narrow gauge)", "s": "Two narrow-gauge lines acquired by Southern Pacific in the early 1900s."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/los-angeles/": {"t": "Los Angeles", "s": "The City of Angels, a global hub of culture and commerce."}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/southern-pacific-railroad/": {"t": "Southern Pacific Railroad", "s": "A major Western U.S. railroad from 1865 to 1996."}, "https://codexery.com/olympic-sailing-venues/e/olympic-sailing-venues/port-of-los-angeles/": {"t": "Port of Los Angeles", "s": "Busiest U.S. container port and 1932 Olympic sailing venue."}, "https://codexery.com/former-spanish-colonies/e/former-spanish-colonies/arizona/": {"t": "Arizona", "s": "Former Spanish colony, now a Southwestern U.S. state."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/utah/": {"t": "Utah", "s": "A landlocked state shaped by Mormon settlement and desert geography."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/san-francisco/": {"t": "San Francisco", "s": "The City by the Bay, a center of liberal activism and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/tycoons-and-industrialists/e/tycoons-and-industrialists/leland-stanford/": {"t": "Leland Stanford", "s": "Railroad magnate, governor, senator, and founder of Stanford University."}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/santa-fe-pacific-corporation/": {"t": "Santa Fe Pacific Corporation", "s": "Holding company formed from blocked railroad merger, later merged into Burlington Northern."}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/southern-pacific-railroad-of-mexico/": {"t": "Southern Pacific Railroad of Mexico", "s": "Southern Pacific subsidiary in Mexico, Nogales to Guadalajara."}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/us-cities/tucson-arizona/": {"t": "Tucson, Arizona", "s": "Second-largest city in Arizona, founded as a Spanish presidio in 1775."}, "https://codexery.com/beyonce/e/world/houston/": {"t": "Houston", "s": "Beyoncé's hometown, where Destiny's Child was formed."}, "https://codexery.com/beyonce/e/world/new-orleans/": {"t": "New Orleans", "s": "Setting of the 'Formation' video and of Beyoncé's 2013 Super Bowl halftime show."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/texas/": {"t": "Texas", "s": "Second-largest U.S. state by area, but first in Fortune 500 headquarters and gross state product."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/new-mexico/": {"t": "New Mexico", "s": "Land of diverse cultures, history, and high desert."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/nevada/": {"t": "Nevada", "s": "Landlocked Western state known for silver, gambling, and libertarian laws."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/oregon/": {"t": "Oregon", "s": "33rd state, known for Crater Lake and Mount Hood."}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/southern-pacific-building/": {"t": "Southern Pacific Building", "s": "Historic E-shaped headquarters of the Southern Pacific Railroad."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/new-jersey/": {"t": "New Jersey", "s": "Most densely populated U.S. state, hub of biopharmaceutical innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/spanish-language/": {"t": "Spanish language", "s": "A global Romance language originating in the Kingdom of Castile."}, "https://codexery.com/deserts-and-drylands/e/deserts-and-drylands/mojave-desert/": {"t": "Mojave Desert", "s": "Smallest and driest of the four North American deserts."}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/san-gorgonio-pass/": {"t": "San Gorgonio Pass", "s": "Deep wind gap between the San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains."}, "https://codexery.com/airliners/e/airliners/boeing-747/": {"t": "Boeing 747", "s": "The original Jumbo Jet that revolutionized air travel.", "i": "https://codexery.com/airliners/img/airliners/boeing-747.webp", "c": "Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez (Lmbuga) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/corporations/e/corporations/mcdonald-s/": {"t": "McDonald's", "s": "The company has faced criticism concerning the nutritional content of its food, treatment of animals, environmental impact, and employee wages and working condi", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations/img/corporations/mcdonald-s.webp", "c": "Dinkun Chen · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/electrical-systems/electric-power-transmission/": {"t": "Electric power transmission", "s": "Bulk movement of electrical energy from generation to substations."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/colorado-river/": {"t": "Colorado River", "s": "Major river of the southwestern U.S. and northern Mexico.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/colorado-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Colorado River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-science/e/geology-and-earth-science/landslide/": {"t": "Landslide", "s": "Mass wasting events driven by gravity and slope instability."}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/santa-fe-southern-pacific-merger/": {"t": "Santa Fe–Southern Pacific merger", "s": "A proposed railroad merger denied by the ICC in 1986."}, "https://codexery.com/national-park-administrators/e/national-park-administrators/national-park-service/": {"t": "National Park Service", "s": "Preserving natural and historic resources for public enjoyment."}, "https://codexery.com/geomorphology/e/geomorphology/rift-valley/": {"t": "Rift valley", "s": "Linear lowland formed by tectonic pulling apart of the lithosphere."}, "https://codexery.com/blackpink/e/tours/coachella-valley-music-and-arts-festival/": {"t": "Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival", "s": "Blackpink at Coachella: first female K-pop group in 2019, headliners in 2023."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/gulf-of-california/": {"t": "Gulf of California", "s": "Marginal sea separating Baja California from mainland Mexico."}, "https://codexery.com/gemstones/e/gemstones/pearl/": {"t": "Pearl", "s": "A hard, lustrous gem formed by mollusks."}, "https://codexery.com/spanish-exploration-in-the-age-of/e/spanish-exploration-in-the-age-of-discovery/new-spain/": {"t": "New Spain", "s": "First viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire in the Americas.", "i": "https://codexery.com/spanish-exploration-in-the-age-of/img/spanish-exploration-in-the-age-of-discovery/new-spain.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: New Spain · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/former-spanish-colonies/e/former-spanish-colonies/alta-california/": {"t": "Alta California", "s": "Former Spanish province and later Mexican territory in North America."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/rebellions-against-the-united-states/american-civil-war/": {"t": "American Civil War", "s": "Civil war between the Union and Confederacy over slavery and secession."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/ulysses-s-grant/": {"t": "Ulysses S. Grant", "s": "18th U.S. President and Commanding General of the Union Army"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/frank-sinatra/": {"t": "Frank Sinatra", "s": "The Chairman of the Board"}, "https://codexery.com/comedians-and-satirists/e/comedians-and-satirists/bob-hope/": {"t": "Bob Hope", "s": "Comedian, actor, and USO entertainer for nearly 80 years.", "i": "https://codexery.com/comedians-and-satirists/img/comedians-and-satirists/bob-hope.webp", "c": "Trikosko, Marion S. · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/e/actors-and-filmmakers/marilyn-monroe/": {"t": "Marilyn Monroe", "s": "American actress; top-billed Hollywood star of the 1950s and early 1960s.", "i": "https://codexery.com/actors-filmmakers/img/actors-and-filmmakers/marilyn-monroe.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Death of Marilyn Monroe · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/challenge-records-artists/e/challenge-records-artists/gene-autry/": {"t": "Gene Autry", "s": "Singing Cowboy, country music pioneer, and founding owner of the California Angels.", "i": "https://codexery.com/challenge-records-artists/img/challenge-records-artists/gene-autry.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Gene Autry · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/music-legends/e/music-legends/the-beach-boys/": {"t": "The Beach Boys", "s": "American rock band known for harmonies and California sound."}, "https://codexery.com/clowning-physical-comedy/e/clowning-and-physical-comedy/jerry-lewis/": {"t": "Jerry Lewis", "s": "American comedian and humanitarian known as the 'King of Comedy.'", "i": "https://codexery.com/clowning-physical-comedy/img/clowning-and-physical-comedy/jerry-lewis.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Jerry Lewis · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/us-parks/e/us-national-parks/yosemite/": {"t": "Yosemite", "s": "Internationally recognized for its granite cliffs, waterfalls, and giant sequoia groves.", "i": "https://codexery.com/us-parks/img/us-national-parks/yosemite.webp", "c": "Brocken Inaglory · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/relationships-and-human-sexuality/lgbtq-people/": {"t": "LGBTQ people", "s": "Individuals encompassing diverse sexual and gender minority identities."}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/coachella-valley/": {"t": "Coachella Valley", "s": "A desert valley known for resorts, golf, and annual festivals."}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/cajon-pass/": {"t": "Cajon Pass", "s": "Mountain pass linking Southern California to the Mojave Desert."}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Supreme Court of the United States", "s": "Highest federal court with ultimate appellate and original jurisdiction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/img/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp", "c": "Original:  Optimager Vector:  Ipankonin · via Wikipedia: Supreme Court of the United States · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-law/e/constitutional-law/constitution-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Constitution of the United States", "s": "Supreme law of the United States, oldest written national constitution in force."}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/us-cities/shreveport-louisiana/": {"t": "Shreveport, Louisiana", "s": "Louisiana city founded at Red River's navigable point.", "i": "https://codexery.com/us-cities/img/us-cities/shreveport-louisiana.webp", "c": "Steve Snodgrass · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/public-law/e/public-law/verdict/": {"t": "Verdict", "s": "Formal jury finding of fact submitted to a judge."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-and-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/manslaughter/": {"t": "Manslaughter", "s": "Homicide less culpable than murder, distinguished by state of mind."}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/e/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/attack-on-pearl-harbor/": {"t": "Attack on Pearl Harbor", "s": "Surprise Japanese air raid on US Pacific Fleet, December 7, 1941.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/img/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/attack-on-pearl-harbor.webp", "c": "Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Katarzyna Kobiljak · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-law/e/constitutional-law/national-security/": {"t": "National security", "s": "Security and defense of a sovereign state and its institutions."}, "https://codexery.com/band-of-brothers/e/factions/united-states-army/": {"t": "United States Army", "s": "The service Easy Company fought in.", "i": "https://codexery.com/band-of-brothers/img/factions/united-states-army.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: United States Army · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/north-dakota/": {"t": "North Dakota", "s": "Landlocked Great Plains state named for the Dakota and Sioux."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/tuberculosis/": {"t": "Tuberculosis", "s": "A contagious bacterial disease, historically called consumption, that remains a global killer."}, "https://codexery.com/deserts-and-drylands/e/deserts-and-drylands/chihuahuan-desert/": {"t": "Chihuahuan Desert", "s": "Largest hot desert in North America, highly biodiverse."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/e/legal-systems-and-courts/court-martial/": {"t": "Court-martial", "s": "A military court for trying armed forces members and war crimes."}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/international-organizations-and-agreements/geneva-conventions/": {"t": "Geneva Conventions", "s": "Core treaties of international humanitarian law protecting non-combatants."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-japan/": {"t": "Government of Japan", "s": "Japan's government is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system.", "i": "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/img/governments-and-political-systems/government-of-japan.webp", "c": "Japanese Government Railways · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/western-union/": {"t": "Western Union", "s": "From telegraph pioneer to global money transfer leader.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/western-union.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Western Union · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/business-tycoons-and-industrialists/e/business-tycoons-and-industrialists/e-h-harriman/": {"t": "E. H. Harriman", "s": "Railroad tycoon who rebuilt bankrupt lines and controlled a vast transportation empire."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Central Powers, 1914–1918."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-settlements/e/cities-and-settlements/guadalajara/": {"t": "Guadalajara", "s": "Capital of Jalisco, cultural and economic center of western Mexico."}, "https://codexery.com/nbc-western-dramas/e/nbc-western-dramas/wagon-train/": {"t": "Wagon Train", "s": "A wagon train's journey across the American frontier."}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/the-prosperity-special/": {"t": "The Prosperity Special", "s": "A record-breaking train of twenty 2-10-2 locomotives."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/concrete/": {"t": "Concrete", "s": "Second-most-used substance after water; most-manufactured material worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/us-cities/san-jose-california/": {"t": "San Jose, California", "s": "Capital of Silicon Valley"}, "https://codexery.com/san-francisco-49ers/e/culture/santa-clara-california/": {"t": "Santa Clara, California", "s": "Silicon Valley city founded by Spanish missionaries in 1777."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania/": {"t": "Pennsylvania", "s": "The Keystone State", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania.webp", "c": "Simtropolitan, Jean-Pierre Demailly (old version)\npermission=\n\n\n\nInsignia\n\nThis image shows a flag, a coat of arms, a seal or some other official insignia. The  · via Wikipedia: Pennsylvania · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/structural-geology-and-tectonics/e/structural-geology-and-tectonics/pacific-plate/": {"t": "Pacific plate", "s": "The largest tectonic plate, underlying most of the Pacific Ocean."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america/": {"t": "North America", "s": "Third-largest continent by area; fourth-largest by population.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: North America · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/geomorphology/e/geomorphology/fault-block/": {"t": "Fault block", "s": "Fault blocks: the building blocks of mountains and valleys."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/fault-geology/": {"t": "Fault (geology)", "s": "A fracture in rock where displacement occurs, causing earthquakes."}, "https://codexery.com/disasters/e/historic-disasters/the-1906-san-francisco-earthquake/": {"t": "The 1906 San Francisco earthquake", "s": "The deadliest earthquake in U.S. history, remembered for its devastating fires and lasting impact on California."}, "https://codexery.com/jurists-and-legal-scholars/e/jurists-and-legal-scholars/john-marshall-harlan/": {"t": "John Marshall Harlan", "s": "Supreme Court justice from 1877 to 1911, often called \"The Great Dissenter\"", "i": "https://codexery.com/jurists-and-legal-scholars/img/jurists-and-legal-scholars/john-marshall-harlan.webp", "c": "Mathew Brady or Levin Handy · via Wikipedia: John Marshall Harlan · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/government-and-law/precedent/": {"t": "Precedent", "s": "A judicial decision serving as authority for future similar cases."}, "https://codexery.com/jurists-and-legal-scholars/e/jurists-and-legal-scholars/hugo-black/": {"t": "Hugo Black", "s": "Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1937 to 1971, known for his textualist approach and First Amendment absolutism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/jurists-and-legal-scholars/img/jurists-and-legal-scholars/hugo-black.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Hugo Black · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/jurists-and-legal-scholars/e/jurists-and-legal-scholars/william-o-douglas/": {"t": "William O. Douglas", "s": "Longest-serving U.S. Supreme Court justice and champion of civil liberties.", "i": "https://codexery.com/jurists-and-legal-scholars/img/jurists-and-legal-scholars/william-o-douglas.webp", "c": "Harris & Ewing, photographer · Public domain"}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/catellus-development-corporation/": {"t": "Catellus Development Corporation", "s": "National real estate developer spun off from Santa Fe Pacific."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-elements/e/architectural-styles-and-elements/renaissance-revival-architecture/": {"t": "Renaissance Revival architecture", "s": "A 19th-century revival stitching Italian, French, and Flemish Renaissance forms into one working language.", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-styles-and-elements/img/architectural-styles-and-elements/renaissance-revival-architecture.webp", "c": "Bmzuckerman · CC BY 4.0"}, "/e/southern-pacific-railroad/peninsula-commute/": {"t": "Peninsula Commute", "s": "Commuter rail between San Jose and San Francisco, 1863–1985."}}