{"https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alberto-giacometti/": {"t": "Alberto Giacometti", "s": "Swiss sculptor of existential forms"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania/": {"t": "Pennsylvania", "s": "The Keystone State", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania.webp", "c": "Simtropolitan, Jean-Pierre Demailly (old version)\npermission=\n\n\n\nInsignia\n\nThis image shows a flag, a coat of arms, a seal or some other official insignia. The  · via Wikipedia: Pennsylvania · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/sculpture/e/sculpture/guennol-lioness/": {"t": "Guennol Lioness", "s": "5,000-year-old Mesopotamian anthropomorphic lioness sculpture."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/e/economic-concepts/inflation/": {"t": "Inflation", "s": "An increase in the average price of goods and services."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-models/e/economic-concepts-and-models/consumer-price-index/": {"t": "Consumer price index", "s": "A statistical estimate of consumer price levels over time.", "i": "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-models/img/economic-concepts-and-models/consumer-price-index.webp", "c": "Wikideas1 · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/jackson-pollock/": {"t": "Jackson Pollock", "s": "American abstract expressionist known for his drip painting technique."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-science/e/geology-and-earth-science/marble/": {"t": "Marble", "s": "Metamorphic rock prized for sculpture and architecture."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/e/architectural-landmarks/vatican-museums/": {"t": "Vatican Museums", "s": "Public museums of Vatican City housing papal art collections."}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/pliny-the-elder/": {"t": "Pliny the Elder", "s": "Roman author and naturalist who wrote the encyclopedic Natural History and died rescuing others from Mount Vesuvius."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-legendary-creatures/e/greek-legendary-creatures/sea-serpent/": {"t": "Sea serpent", "s": "A sea monster found in mythologies worldwide, often slain by a god."}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements-styles/e/art-movements-and-styles/art-of-europe/": {"t": "Art of Europe", "s": "European art spans prehistoric cave paintings to postmodern movements."}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/martyr/": {"t": "Martyr", "s": "A witness who suffers death for a religious or political cause."}, "https://codexery.com/painting-visual-arts/e/painting-and-visual-arts/hellenistic-art/": {"t": "Hellenistic art", "s": "Hellenistic art spans from Alexander's death to Rome's conquest of Egypt."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/roman-empire/": {"t": "Roman Empire", "s": "Medieval and early modern empire claiming direct Roman succession, dissolved in 1806."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-cities/e/ancient-cities/pergamon/": {"t": "Pergamon", "s": "Ancient Greek city and capital of the Attalid kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/homer/": {"t": "Homer", "s": "Ancient Greek poet traditionally credited with the Iliad and the Odyssey"}, "https://codexery.com/aeneid/e/aeneid/aeneid/": {"t": "Aeneid", "s": "Virgil's epic of Aeneas, founder of the Roman people."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/poseidon/": {"t": "Poseidon", "s": "God of the sea, storms, earthquakes, and horses"}, "https://codexery.com/objects-in-greek-mythology/e/objects-in-greek-mythology/trojan-horse/": {"t": "Trojan Horse", "s": "A wooden horse used to infiltrate and capture Troy."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/apollo/": {"t": "Apollo", "s": "God of light, healing, prophecy, music, poetry, and archery; twin brother of Artemis."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/tang-dynasty/": {"t": "Tang dynasty", "s": "Imperial dynasty ruling China from 618 to 907."}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/sichuan/": {"t": "Sichuan", "s": "Inland province in Southwestern China, home to Ba and Shu."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-l/e/cities-starting-with-l/leshan/": {"t": "Leshan", "s": "Prefecture-level city at three rivers' confluence in Sichuan."}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-china/e/national-parks-of-china/mount-emei/": {"t": "Mount Emei", "s": "Highest of China's Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains, home to Samantabhadra."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-china/e/world-heritage-sites-in-china/china-danxia/": {"t": "China Danxia", "s": "A set of red-bed landscapes inscribed as a World Heritage Site.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-china/img/world-heritage-sites-in-china/china-danxia.webp", "c": "Ron Van Oers · CC BY-SA 3.0 igo"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/han-dynasty/": {"t": "Han dynasty", "s": "The golden age that shaped Chinese identity."}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/e/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/bhikkhu/": {"t": "Bhikkhu", "s": "Ordained male monastic in Buddhist tradition."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/yuan-dynasty/": {"t": "Yuan dynasty", "s": "Mongol-led dynasty that ruled all of China proper."}, "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/e/world-wonders/the-statue-of-liberty/": {"t": "The Statue of Liberty", "s": "A French gift symbolizing freedom and democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-germany/e/world-heritage-sites-in-germany/caves-and-ice-age-art-in-the-swabian-jura/": {"t": "Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura", "s": "Six caves holding the oldest known human art and musical instruments."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/bertel-thorvaldsen/": {"t": "Bertel Thorvaldsen", "s": "Danish-Icelandic neoclassical sculptor of international fame", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/bertel-thorvaldsen.webp", "c": "Carl Joseph Begas · via Wikipedia: Bertel Thorvaldsen · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-surface/e/geology-and-earth-surface/sandstone/": {"t": "Sandstone", "s": "Clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized silicate grains.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology-earth-surface/img/geology-and-earth-surface/sandstone.webp", "c": "Douglas W. Jones · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/french-revolution/": {"t": "French Revolution", "s": "The 1789–1799 upheaval that toppled the French monarchy and shaped liberal democracy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/french-revolution.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: French Revolution · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/mark-twain/": {"t": "Mark Twain", "s": "American writer, humorist, and essayist, author of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/louis-xvi/": {"t": "Louis XVI", "s": "Last king of France before the fall of the monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/olympic-equestrian-venues/e/olympic-equestrian-venues/palace-of-versailles/": {"t": "Palace of Versailles", "s": "Former royal residence and UNESCO World Heritage site near Paris."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/quarry/": {"t": "Quarry", "s": "A site for excavating rock and earth materials."}, "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/e/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/house-of-bourbon/": {"t": "House of Bourbon", "s": "European dynasty ruling France, Spain, and other kingdoms since the 16th century."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/edgar-degas/": {"t": "Edgar Degas", "s": "French Impressionist artist famous for his pastel drawings and oil paintings, especially of dancers.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/edgar-degas.webp", "c": "Edgar Degas · via Wikipedia: Edgar Degas · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/mary-cassatt/": {"t": "Mary Cassatt", "s": "American painter and printmaker who befriended Degas and exhibited with the Impressionists.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/mary-cassatt.webp", "c": "Durand-Ruel · via Wikipedia: Mary Cassatt · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/bbc-cymru-wales-television-shows/e/bbc-cymru-wales-television-shows/the-private-life-of-a-masterpiece/": {"t": "The Private Life of a Masterpiece", "s": "The stories behind great works of art."}, "https://codexery.com/television-series-with-live-action-and/e/television-series-with-live-action-and-animation/baby-einstein/": {"t": "Baby Einstein", "s": "Multimedia franchise for infants featuring classical music and puppets."}, "https://codexery.com/disney-animated-television-series/e/disney-animated-television-series/little-einsteins/": {"t": "Little Einsteins", "s": "Four preschoolers explore the world in a rocket ship."}, "https://codexery.com/television-series-by-home-box-office/e/television-series-by-home-box-office/the-gilded-age-tv-series/": {"t": "The Gilded Age (TV series)", "s": "A period drama of old and new money in 1880s New York."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/michelangelo/": {"t": "Michelangelo", "s": "Italian High Renaissance sculptor, painter, architect, and poet.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/michelangelo.webp", "c": "Attributed to Daniele da Volterra · via Wikipedia: Michelangelo · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/e/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/bruges/": {"t": "Bruges", "s": "Capital of West Flanders, historic canal city and UNESCO site."}, "https://codexery.com/bible/e/gospels/david/": {"t": "David", "s": "Second king of the united Kingdom of Israel."}, "https://codexery.com/inventors/e/great-inventors/leonardo-da-vinci/": {"t": "Leonardo da Vinci", "s": "Italian polymath of the High Renaissance.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inventors/img/great-inventors/leonardo-da-vinci.webp", "c": "Attributed to Francesco Melzi · via Wikipedia: Leonardo da Vinci · Public domain"}, "/e/sculptures-and-statues/piet-michelangelo/": {"t": "Pietà (Michelangelo)", "s": "Michelangelo's only signed sculpture, a High Renaissance masterpiece."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/french-revolutionary-wars/": {"t": "French Revolutionary Wars", "s": "The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of major military conflicts sparked by the French Revolution, lasting from 1792 to 1802."}, "https://codexery.com/international-organizations-and-agreemen/e/international-organizations-and-agreements/international-red-cross-and-red-crescent-movement/": {"t": "International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement", "s": "Humanitarian movement founded to alleviate suffering and protect human life."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/brussels/": {"t": "Brussels", "s": "The capital of Belgium and de facto capital of the European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/french-language/": {"t": "French language", "s": "A Romance language of the Indo-European family, descended from Vulgar Latin and shaped by Celtic and Frankish influences."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/e/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/grand-place/": {"t": "Grand-Place", "s": "Central square of Brussels, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1998."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/drinking-water/": {"t": "Drinking water", "s": "Water safe for ingestion, essential for health, scarce for billions."}, "https://codexery.com/maps-their-symbols/e/maps-and-their-symbols/cartography/": {"t": "Cartography", "s": "The art and science of making and using maps."}, "https://codexery.com/belgian-folklore/e/belgian-folklore/ommegang-of-brussels/": {"t": "Ommegang of Brussels", "s": "A medieval pageant reenacting Charles V's 1549 Joyous Entry."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/e/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/brussels-town-hall/": {"t": "Brussels Town Hall", "s": "Medieval seat of Brussels' municipal power on the Grand-Place."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/christian-sacred-texts/bible/": {"t": "Bible", "s": "Anthology of sacred texts for Judaism and Christianity."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/louis-xv/": {"t": "Louis XV", "s": "King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774; second longest reign in French history."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/antwerp/": {"t": "Antwerp", "s": "Major port, diamond hub, and historic global city in Belgium."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/e/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/king-s-house-brussels/": {"t": "King's House, Brussels", "s": "Historic Brussels building housing the city museum, a UNESCO site."}, "https://codexery.com/iconic-characters/e/iconic-characters/count-dracula/": {"t": "Count Dracula", "s": "Fictional vampire and antagonist of Bram Stoker's 1897 novel."}, "https://codexery.com/holiday-characters/e/holiday-characters/santa-claus/": {"t": "Santa Claus", "s": "Legendary gift-bringer on Christmas Eve, rooted in Saint Nicholas."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/rome/": {"t": "Rome", "s": "The Eternal City, capital of Italy and cradle of Western civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/e/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/pope-julius-ii/": {"t": "Pope Julius II", "s": "The Warrior Pope who led armies and commissioned masterpieces."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/christian-sacred-texts/book-of-exodus/": {"t": "Book of Exodus", "s": "Second book of the Bible recounting Israel's departure from Egypt."}, "https://codexery.com/visual-artists/e/visual-artists/giorgio-vasari/": {"t": "Giorgio Vasari", "s": "Italian Renaissance painter, architect, and biographer who wrote Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects.", "i": "https://codexery.com/visual-artists/img/visual-artists/giorgio-vasari.webp", "c": "Giorgio Vasari · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/deities-in-the-hebrew-bible/e/deities-in-the-hebrew-bible/golden-calf/": {"t": "Golden calf", "s": "A cult image made by the Israelites during Moses' absence."}, "https://codexery.com/swedish-inventions/e/swedish-inventions/celsius/": {"t": "Celsius", "s": "Temperature scale named after Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/belgrade/": {"t": "Belgrade", "s": "Capital of Serbia, ancient city at Danube and Sava confluence."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/jean-antoine-houdon/": {"t": "Jean-Antoine Houdon", "s": "French neoclassical sculptor of Enlightenment luminaries", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/jean-antoine-houdon.webp", "c": "Rembrandt Peale · via Wikipedia: Jean-Antoine Houdon · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/lost-civilizations/e/lost-civilizations/the-olmec/": {"t": "The Olmec", "s": "Early major Mesoamerican civilization and one of its cradles."}, "https://codexery.com/latin-american-states-provinces/e/latin-american-states-provinces/tabasco/": {"t": "Tabasco", "s": "Southeastern Mexican state with rainforest, Olmec ruins, and oil production."}, "https://codexery.com/latin-american-states-provinces/e/latin-american-states-provinces/veracruz/": {"t": "Veracruz", "s": "Eastern Mexican state with a key Gulf port and mixed heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/wrestling-culture/e/wrestling-culture/the-wrestler-sculpture/": {"t": "The Wrestler (sculpture)", "s": "An Olmec statuette praised for its realism and dynamic pose."}, "https://codexery.com/origin-hypotheses-of-ethnic-groups/e/origin-hypotheses-of-ethnic-groups/olmec-alternative-origin-speculations/": {"t": "Olmec alternative origin speculations", "s": "Pseudohistorical theories of Old World contact with Olmec civilization."}, "/e/sculptures-and-statues/relief/": {"t": "Relief", "s": "Sculptural method where forms remain attached to a solid background."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/mexico-city/": {"t": "Mexico City", "s": "La Ciudad de los Palacios"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/mexican-cities/e/mexican-cities/villahermosa/": {"t": "Villahermosa", "s": "Capital of Tabasco, known as the Energy City of Mexico."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/washington-d-c/": {"t": "Washington, D.C.", "s": "The federal capital city of the United States, anchored on the Potomac River."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/san-francisco/": {"t": "San Francisco", "s": "The City by the Bay, a center of liberal activism and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/dante-alighieri/": {"t": "Dante Alighieri", "s": "Italian poet who wrote the Divine Comedy in the vernacular."}, "https://codexery.com/classic-poetry-and-epics/e/classic-poetry-and-epics/the-divine-comedy/": {"t": "The Divine Comedy", "s": "Three-part poem on the soul's journey through the afterlife."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/christian-theology/crucifixion-of-jesus/": {"t": "Crucifixion of Jesus", "s": "Jesus was crucified by Romans in 1st-century Judaea."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-and-medieval-historians-and-phil/e/ancient-and-medieval-historians-and-philosophers/bernard-of-clairvaux/": {"t": "Bernard of Clairvaux", "s": "Cistercian abbot, mystic, and co-founder of the Knights Templar.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ancient-and-medieval-historians-and-phil/img/ancient-and-medieval-historians-and-philosophers/bernard-of-clairvaux.webp", "c": "[2] · via Wikipedia: Bernard of Clairvaux · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/e/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/pope-urban-viii/": {"t": "Pope Urban VIII", "s": "Pope who expanded papal territory, opposed Copernicanism, and left a legacy of debt."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/e/philosophers-and-theologians/pope-john-xxiii/": {"t": "Pope John XXIII", "s": "Pope who convened the Second Vatican Council.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/img/philosophers-and-theologians/pope-john-xxiii.webp", "c": "De Agostini Editore · via Wikipedia: Pope John XXIII · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "The New York Times", "s": "The Gray Lady, a U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/public-holidays-observances/e/public-holidays-and-observances/pentecost/": {"t": "Pentecost", "s": "Christian feast commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-contemporary-artists/e/modern-and-contemporary-artists/jeff-koons/": {"t": "Jeff Koons", "s": "American artist known for popular culture sculptures and record auction prices.", "i": "https://codexery.com/modern-contemporary-artists/img/modern-and-contemporary-artists/jeff-koons.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Jeff Koons · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/business-magnates-tycoons/e/business-magnates-and-tycoons/carlos-slim/": {"t": "Carlos Slim", "s": "Mexican oligarch and telecom magnate, once world's richest person."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/los-angeles/": {"t": "Los Angeles", "s": "The City of Angels, a global hub of culture and commerce."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/italian-language/": {"t": "Italian language", "s": "A Romance language of the Indo-European family, standardised from literary Florentine Tuscan."}, "https://codexery.com/notable-buildings-and-monuments/e/notable-buildings-and-monuments/ishtar-gate/": {"t": "Ishtar Gate", "s": "The eighth gate of Babylon, adorned with glazed bricks and sacred animals.", "i": "https://codexery.com/notable-buildings-and-monuments/img/notable-buildings-and-monuments/ishtar-gate.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Ishtar Gate · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/babylon/": {"t": "Babylon", "s": "Ancient city on the Euphrates, heart of Babylonia and home of wonders."}, "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/e/world-wonders/the-alhambra/": {"t": "The Alhambra", "s": "Palace and fortress complex in Granada, Spain."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/pompeii/": {"t": "Pompeii", "s": "A Roman city frozen in time by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD."}, "https://codexery.com/notable-mountains-and-peaks/e/notable-mountains-and-peaks/vesuvius/": {"t": "Vesuvius", "s": "Active volcano that destroyed Pompeii in 79 AD."}, "https://codexery.com/painting-visual-arts/e/painting-and-visual-arts/medieval-art/": {"t": "Medieval art", "s": "Medieval art spans over 1,000 years of European and Mediterranean creativity."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/leon-battista-alberti/": {"t": "Leon Battista Alberti", "s": "Renaissance polymath who shaped art, architecture, and cryptography.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/notable/leon-battista-alberti.webp", "c": "Leon Battista Alberti · via Wikipedia: Leon Battista Alberti · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/donatello/": {"t": "Donatello", "s": "Renaissance sculptor of the bronze David, first freestanding nude since antiquity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/donatello.webp", "c": "Francesco Bini · via Wikipedia: Donatello · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/visual-arts-and-crafts/e/visual-arts-and-crafts/stone-carving/": {"t": "Stone carving", "s": "Stone carving shapes rough stone into lasting works."}, "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/e/manufacturing-and-materials/metal-casting/": {"t": "Metal casting", "s": "Ancient process of shaping metal by pouring into molds.", "i": "https://codexery.com/manufacturing-and-materials/img/manufacturing-and-materials/metal-casting.webp", "c": "R. Henrik Nilsson · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/hellenistic-period/": {"t": "Hellenistic period", "s": "Era of Greek cultural expansion after Alexander the Great's conquests."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/georgia-u-s-state/": {"t": "Georgia (U.S. state)", "s": "Southern state, last of the Thirteen Colonies, civil rights hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/georgia-u-s-state.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/e/world-wonders/the-great-pyramid-of-giza/": {"t": "The Great Pyramid of Giza", "s": "The oldest and only largely intact Wonder of the Ancient World, the Great Pyramid of Giza stands as the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu, built c. 2600 BC.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/img/world-wonders/the-great-pyramid-of-giza.webp", "c": "Gary Todd from Xinzheng, China · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/russian-cities/e/russian-cities/yekaterinburg/": {"t": "Yekaterinburg", "s": "The third capital of Russia, a cultural and industrial powerhouse on the Iset River."}, "https://codexery.com/geology-and-landforms/e/geology-and-landforms/bog/": {"t": "Bog", "s": "A peat-accumulating wetland that is acidic and nutrient-poor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology-and-landforms/img/geology-and-landforms/bog.webp", "c": "CaitNi · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/moscow/": {"t": "Moscow", "s": "Capital of Russia, largest city in Europe, and a historic center of power and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/mesolithic/": {"t": "Mesolithic", "s": "Intermediate hunter-gatherer period between Paleolithic and Neolithic."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/christian-theology/creation-myth/": {"t": "Creation myth", "s": "Symbolic narratives of how the world and humanity began."}, "https://codexery.com/lost-civilizations/e/lost-civilizations/gobekli-tepe/": {"t": "Gobekli Tepe", "s": "Neolithic site with monumental megaliths, debated as early temple or settlement.", "i": "https://codexery.com/lost-civilizations/img/lost-civilizations/gobekli-tepe.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Cradle of civilization · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/gian-lorenzo-bernini/": {"t": "Gian Lorenzo Bernini", "s": "The Michelangelo of his century"}, "https://codexery.com/androgynous-and-hermaphroditic-deities/e/androgynous-and-hermaphroditic-deities/hermaphroditus/": {"t": "Hermaphroditus", "s": "Androgynous child of Hermes and Aphrodite, deity of marriage."}, "https://codexery.com/aphrodite/e/aphrodite/venus-mythology/": {"t": "Venus (mythology)", "s": "Roman goddess of love, beauty, desire, and ancestral mother of Rome."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/dionysus/": {"t": "Dionysus", "s": "God of wine, theatre, and ecstatic liberation."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/ancient-rome/": {"t": "Ancient Rome", "s": "Ancient Rome spanned from 753 BC to 476 AD."}, "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/e/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/first-french-empire/": {"t": "First French Empire", "s": "Empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, dominating early 19th-century Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/img/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/first-french-empire.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: First French Empire · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/visual-arts-and-artworks/e/visual-arts-and-artworks/uffizi/": {"t": "Uffizi", "s": "One of the first modern museums, housing Medici art collections."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/diego-vel-zquez/": {"t": "Diego Velázquez", "s": "Spanish Baroque painter of the court of Philip IV.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/diego-vel-zquez.webp", "c": "Diego Velázquez · via Wikipedia: Diego Velázquez · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/designers-and-craftsmen/e/designers-and-craftsmen/yves-saint-laurent-designer/": {"t": "Yves Saint Laurent (designer)", "s": "French couturier who founded YSL and shaped 20th-century fashion."}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-techniques-genres/e/narrative-techniques-and-genres/allegory/": {"t": "Allegory", "s": "A narrative device using symbolism for moral or political meaning."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-roman-government/e/ancient-roman-government/fasces/": {"t": "Fasces", "s": "Ancient Roman symbol of magisterial power and jurisdiction."}, "https://codexery.com/textiles-in-folklore/e/textiles-in-folklore/minerva/": {"t": "Minerva", "s": "Roman goddess of wisdom, war, crafts, and the Capitoline Triad."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/athena/": {"t": "Athena", "s": "Goddess of wisdom, warfare, and handicraft; patron of Athens."}, "https://codexery.com/american-civil-war/e/american-civil-war/confederate-states-of-america/": {"t": "Confederate States of America", "s": "Unrecognized republic of 11 Southern states during the American Civil War."}, "https://codexery.com/animals/e/birds/bald-eagle/": {"t": "Bald Eagle", "s": "The white-headed sea eagle of North America, national bird of the United States and a conservation comeback.", "i": "https://codexery.com/animals/img/birds/bald-eagle.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Bald eagle · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/rebellions-against-the-united-states/american-civil-war/": {"t": "American Civil War", "s": "Civil war between the Union and Confederacy over slavery and secession."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/helicopter/": {"t": "Helicopter", "s": "A rotorcraft achieving vertical flight via horizontally spinning rotors."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/auguste-rodin/": {"t": "Auguste Rodin", "s": "French sculptor considered founder of modern sculpture."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/hundred-years-war/": {"t": "Hundred Years' War", "s": "The Hundred Years' War was not a single continuous battle but a long, stop-start series of conflicts between England and France, lasting from 1337 to 1453."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/english-channel/": {"t": "English Channel", "s": "The busiest shipping area in the world, separating Southern England from northern France."}, "https://codexery.com/sculptors-architects/e/sculptors-and-architects/david-d-angers/": {"t": "David d'Angers", "s": "French sculptor and medalist of monumental and portrait works."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/franco-prussian-war/": {"t": "Franco-Prussian War", "s": "Conflict that unified Germany and ended French imperial rule."}, "https://codexery.com/hell-in-popular-culture/e/hell-in-popular-culture/inferno-dante/": {"t": "Inferno (Dante)", "s": "First part of Dante's Divine Comedy, journey through Hell."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/florence/": {"t": "Florence", "s": "Birthplace of the Renaissance and capital of Tuscany."}, "https://codexery.com/paintings-of-angels/e/paintings-of-angels/the-last-judgment-michelangelo/": {"t": "The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)", "s": "Michelangelo's monumental fresco of the Second Coming."}, "https://codexery.com/hell-in-popular-culture/e/hell-in-popular-culture/the-barque-of-dante/": {"t": "The Barque of Dante", "s": "Delacroix's first Salon entry, depicting Dante and Virgil crossing the Styx."}, "https://codexery.com/poetry-collections-and-epic-poems/e/poetry-collections-and-epic-poems/les-fleurs-du-mal/": {"t": "Les Fleurs du mal", "s": "A controversial volume of French poetry by Charles Baudelaire."}, "/e/sculptures-and-statues/the-gates-of-hell/": {"t": "The 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"s": "Independent family brewery in Lewes since John Harvey's founding."}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-techniques-genres/e/narrative-techniques-and-genres/fairy-tale/": {"t": "Fairy tale", "s": "A short folklore story featuring magic and mythical beings.", "i": "https://codexery.com/narrative-techniques-genres/img/narrative-techniques-and-genres/fairy-tale.webp", "c": "Tchamnarodrigue · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/danish-fairy-tales/e/danish-fairy-tales/the-little-mermaid/": {"t": "The Little Mermaid", "s": "A mermaid princess seeks a human soul and eternal life."}, "https://codexery.com/scandinavian-folklore/e/scandinavian-folklore/hans-christian-andersen/": {"t": "Hans Christian Andersen", "s": "Danish author of enduring literary fairy tales."}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/crime-and-deviance/vandalism/": {"t": "Vandalism", "s": "Deliberate destruction or defacement of property."}, "/e/sculptures-and-statues/manneken-pis/": {"t": "Manneken Pis", "s": "Bronze fountain statue of a urinating boy in Brussels."}, "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/e/world-wonders/christ-the-redeemer/": {"t": "Christ the Redeemer", "s": "Art Deco statue of Jesus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/img/world-wonders/christ-the-redeemer.webp", "c": "Diego Torres Silvestre from Sao Paulo, Brazil · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/brazilian-states/e/brazilian-states/rio-de-janeiro/": {"t": "Rio de Janeiro", "s": "Brazilian city that was capital of a European colonial power."}, "https://codexery.com/sculptures-of-dragons/e/sculptures-of-dragons/wawel-dragon-statue/": {"t": "Wawel Dragon (statue)", "s": "Bronze dragon statue that breathes fire on demand."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/culture/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "A global city on the Thames, London blends nearly 2,000 years of history with a vibrant, multicultural present."}, "https://codexery.com/breweries-of-scandinavia-and-the-low/e/breweries-of-scandinavia-and-the-low-countries/carlsberg-group/": {"t": "Carlsberg Group", "s": "Danish multinational brewer founded in 1847 by J. C. Jacobsen."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/bras-lia/": {"t": "Brasília", "s": "Brasília is the capital city of Brazil and the seat of the Federal District, situated in the Brazilian Highlands within the Central-West region.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/img/cities-of-the-world/bras-lia.webp", "c": "Boaventuravinicius · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements/e/art-movements/neoclassicism/": {"t": "Neoclassicism", "s": "A Western revival of classical antiquity inspired by Enlightenment ideals."}, "https://codexery.com/visual-arts-and-crafts/e/visual-arts-and-crafts/socialist-realism/": {"t": "Socialist realism", "s": "Official Soviet art doctrine depicting reality in revolutionary development."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/volgograd/": {"t": "Volgograd", "s": "City on the Volga, hero of Stalingrad."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/concrete/": {"t": "Concrete", "s": "Second-most-used substance after water; most-manufactured material worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/granite/": {"t": "Granite", "s": "A coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, mica, and plagioclase.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology/img/geology/granite.webp", "c": "Giles Laurent · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/classical-mechanics/drag-physics/": {"t": "Drag (physics)", "s": "A force opposing motion through a fluid, dependent on velocity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/img/classical-mechanics/drag-physics.webp", "c": "Nubifer // Wiki LIC (Spanish translation) · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-campaigns-and-atrocities/e/world-war-ii-campaigns-and-atrocities/eastern-front-world-war-ii/": {"t": "Eastern Front (World War II)", "s": "The decisive theatre of World War II where the Axis powers were defeated on the Eastern Front.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-campaigns-and-atrocities/img/world-war-ii-campaigns-and-atrocities/eastern-front-world-war-ii.webp", "c": "FOTO:Fortepan — ID 27693 : Adományozó/Donor: Konok Tamás id. archive copy at the · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/joseph-stalin/": {"t": "Joseph Stalin", "s": "Soviet revolutionary and dictator who ruled from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953."}, "https://codexery.com/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/e/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/culture-of-russia/": {"t": "Culture of Russia", "s": "Russian culture blends Eastern and Western influences across vast territory."}, "/e/sculptures-and-statues/sleeping-hermaphroditus/": {"t": "Sleeping Hermaphroditus", "s": "Ancient Roman marble of Hermaphroditus on a Bernini mattress."}, "https://codexery.com/sculpture/e/sculpture/baroque-sculpture/": {"t": "Baroque sculpture", "s": "Baroque sculpture emphasized dynamic movement and multiple viewing angles."}, "https://codexery.com/chthonic-beings/e/chthonic-beings/pluto-god/": {"t": "Pluto (god)", "s": "Ruler of the underworld and giver of wealth."}, "https://codexery.com/sculptors-architects/e/sculptors-and-architects/giambologna/": {"t": "Giambologna", "s": "Last significant Italian Renaissance sculptor, known for refined Mannerist works."}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/authors-and-poets/ovid/": {"t": "Ovid", "s": "Roman poet exiled for a poem and a mistake."}, "https://codexery.com/sculpture/e/sculpture/apollo-and-daphne-bernini/": {"t": "Apollo and Daphne (Bernini)", "s": "Bernini's masterful depiction of metamorphosis and desire in marble."}, "https://codexery.com/temple-of-artemis/e/temple-of-artemis/praxiteles/": {"t": "Praxiteles", "s": "Attic sculptor of the 4th century BC, first to carve the nude female form."}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-and-reference/e/part-1/natural-history-pliny/": {"t": "Natural History (Pliny)", "s": "The ancient encyclopedia that shaped natural history."}, "/e/sculptures-and-statues/laoco-n-and-his-sons/": {"t": "Laocoön and His Sons", "s": "Ancient sculpture of Trojan priest and sons attacked by serpents."}, "https://codexery.com/painting-visual-arts/e/painting-and-visual-arts/mannerism/": {"t": "Mannerism", "s": "A European style exaggerating High Renaissance ideals into artificial elegance."}, "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/e/architectural-landmarks/world-trade-center-1973-2001/": {"t": "World Trade Center (1973–2001)", "s": "Icon of New York City, destroyed on 9/11", "i": "https://codexery.com/architectural-landmarks/img/architectural-landmarks/world-trade-center-1973-2001.webp", "c": "Eric Ascalon ******************** · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/september-11-attacks/": {"t": "September 11 attacks", "s": "Coordinated al-Qaeda suicide hijackings killed nearly 3,000 people."}, "https://codexery.com/architects-and-designers/e/architects-and-designers/minoru-yamasaki/": {"t": "Minoru Yamasaki", "s": "American architect who designed the original World Trade Center."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/bremen/": {"t": "Bremen", "s": "A historic Hanseatic port city and cultural hub of Northern Germany."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/explorers/michael-bloomberg/": {"t": "Michael Bloomberg", "s": "Businessman, philanthropist, and 109th mayor of New York City.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/explorers/michael-bloomberg.webp", "c": "Gage Skidmore · via Wikipedia: Michael Bloomberg · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/ceremonies/e/ceremonies/ceremony/": {"t": "Ceremony", "s": "A unified ritualistic event with artistic components for a special occasion."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/albrecht-d-rer/": {"t": "Albrecht Dürer", "s": "German Renaissance painter, printmaker, and theorist of Nuremberg."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics/e/classical-mechanics/weighing-scale/": {"t": "Weighing scale", "s": "A device for measuring mass or weight using equilibrium."}, "https://codexery.com/magic-symbols/e/magic-symbols/magic-square/": {"t": "Magic square", "s": "Square array where rows, columns, and diagonals sum equally."}, "https://codexery.com/visual-arts-and-crafts/e/visual-arts-and-crafts/old-master-print/": {"t": "Old master print", "s": "Fine art prints by Old Masters, produced from the 15th century to about 1830."}, "https://codexery.com/creators-of-writing-systems/e/creators-of-writing-systems/heinrich-cornelius-agrippa/": {"t": "Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa", "s": "German Renaissance polymath and occult writer"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-inventions/e/ancient-inventions/sundial/": {"t": "Sundial", "s": "A device that tells time using the Sun's shadow or light."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/chinese-inventions/bellows/": {"t": "Bellows", "s": "Device for controlled air blast, essential in metallurgy and music."}, "https://codexery.com/geometry-and-shapes/e/geometry-and-shapes/polyhedron/": {"t": "Polyhedron", "s": "Three-dimensional figures with flat faces, straight edges, and vertices."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/chinese-inventions/censer/": {"t": "Censer", "s": "Vessel for burning incense, used since ancient times worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/human-variation-and-health/e/human-variation-and-health/humorism/": {"t": "Humorism", "s": "An ancient medical theory of four bodily fluids whose balance was thought to determine health and temperament."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/singapore/": {"t": "Singapore", "s": "The Lion City, a global hub of trade and finance."}, "https://codexery.com/coastal-marine-geology/e/coastal-and-marine-geology/sea/": {"t": "Sea", "s": "The sea is Earth's interconnected body of salt water."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/javanese-language/": {"t": "Javanese language", "s": "The largest Austronesian language by native speakers, spoken by over 68 million people primarily in Java, Indonesia."}, "https://codexery.com/public-aquariums/e/public-aquariums/van-kleef-aquarium/": {"t": "Van Kleef Aquarium", "s": "A long-delayed Singapore oceanarium that opened in 1955 and closed in 1996."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/lee-kuan-yew/": {"t": "Lee Kuan Yew", "s": "First prime minister who transformed Singapore into a developed nation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/img/leaders-and-monarchs/lee-kuan-yew.webp", "c": "White House Photographic Office. 1974-1977 · via Wikipedia: Lee Kuan Yew · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/coastal-marine-geology/e/coastal-and-marine-geology/promontory/": {"t": "Promontory", "s": "A raised landmass projecting into lowland or water, often used for defense."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/e/transportation-engineering/barge/": {"t": "Barge", "s": "Flat-bottomed boat without mechanical propulsion, used for cargo.", "i": "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/img/transportation-engineering/barge.webp", "c": "Matti Blume · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/e/transportation-engineering/crane-machine/": {"t": "Crane (machine)", "s": "A machine for lifting and moving heavy objects using mechanical advantage.", "i": "https://codexery.com/transportation-engineering/img/transportation-engineering/crane-machine.webp", "c": "Wilfredo R. Rodriguez H. edited by Gregory David Harington · via Wikipedia: Crane (machine) · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/superstitions/e/superstitions/feng-shui/": {"t": "Feng shui", "s": "Ancient Chinese practice of siting structures to harness cosmic energy."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-materials/e/construction-and-materials/canvas/": {"t": "Canvas", "s": "Durable plain-woven fabric used for painting, sails, and more."}, "https://codexery.com/construction-and-engineering/e/construction-and-engineering/scaffolding/": {"t": "Scaffolding", "s": "Temporary structures that support work crews and materials at height.", "i": "https://codexery.com/construction-and-engineering/img/construction-and-engineering/scaffolding.webp", "c": "Neil Owen · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/sentosa/": {"t": "Sentosa", "s": "An island of peace and tranquility, once known as the 'Island of Death Behind'."}, "https://codexery.com/pharaohs-of-egypt/e/pharaohs-of-egypt/nefertiti/": {"t": "Nefertiti", "s": "Queen of Egypt, great royal wife of Akhenaten, and possible female pharaoh."}, "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/e/royalty-and-heads-of-state/akhenaten/": {"t": "Akhenaten", "s": "Ancient Egyptian pharaoh who introduced the worship of the Aten.", "i": "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/img/royalty-and-heads-of-state/akhenaten.webp", "c": "The wub · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/historical-and-cultural-concepts/pharaoh/": {"t": "Pharaoh", "s": "Monarch of ancient Egypt, intermediary between gods and people."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-of-ancient-egypt/e/dynasties-of-ancient-egypt/eighteenth-dynasty-of-egypt/": {"t": "Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt", "s": "First dynasty of the New Kingdom, peak of Egyptian power."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-egyptian-religion/e/ancient-egyptian-religion/atenism/": {"t": "Atenism", "s": "Ancient Egyptian monotheistic cult centered on the solar disc Aten."}, "https://codexery.com/egypt-myths/e/egyptian-myths/aten/": {"t": "Aten", "s": "Solar disc deity and sole god of Atenism under Akhenaten."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-rulers-of-africa-and-the-near-ea/e/ancient-rulers-of-africa-and-the-near-east/ay-pharaoh/": {"t": "Ay (pharaoh)", "s": "Penultimate pharaoh of Egypt's 18th Dynasty, former vizier to Tutankhamun."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/tutankhamun/": {"t": "Tutankhamun", "s": "The boy king who restored Egypt's traditional religion."}, "https://codexery.com/governorates-of-egypt/e/governorates-of-egypt/minya-governorate/": {"t": "Minya Governorate", "s": "Upper Egyptian governorate with rich archaeological heritage and high poverty."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/time-magazine/": {"t": "Time (magazine)", "s": "A weekly news magazine that pioneered telling news through people."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/raphael/": {"t": "Raphael", "s": "High Renaissance painter and architect, known for clarity and harmony."}, "https://codexery.com/painting-visual-arts/e/painting-and-visual-arts/madonna-art/": {"t": "Madonna (art)", "s": "Religious depiction of the Virgin Mary in Christian art."}, "https://codexery.com/gemstones/e/gemstones/malachite/": {"t": "Malachite", "s": "A green-banded copper mineral with ancient ornamental and metallurgical significance."}, "https://codexery.com/minerals-and-gems/e/minerals-and-gems/orpiment/": {"t": "Orpiment", "s": "A toxic golden-yellow arsenic sulfide mineral used historically as a pigment."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/christian-church-bodies/benedictines/": {"t": "Benedictines", "s": "Oldest Latin Church order, following the Rule of Saint Benedict."}, "https://codexery.com/old-masters/e/old-masters/antonio-da-correggio/": {"t": "Antonio da Correggio", "s": "Italian Renaissance painter of the Parma school, master of illusionistic perspective."}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/writers-and-poets/johann-wolfgang-von-goethe/": {"t": "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe", "s": "German polymath and most influential writer in the German language"}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/great-composers/richard-wagner/": {"t": "Richard Wagner", "s": "German composer who revolutionized opera through his concept of the Gesamtkunstwerk.", "i": "https://codexery.com/composers/img/great-composers/richard-wagner.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Richard Wagner · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/friedrich-nietzsche/": {"t": "Friedrich Nietzsche", "s": "German philosopher and philologist known for his critiques of religion, morality, and truth."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures-leaders/e/historical-figures-and-leaders/mikhail-bakunin/": {"t": "Mikhail Bakunin", "s": "Russian revolutionary anarchist and political philosopher", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures-leaders/img/historical-figures-and-leaders/mikhail-bakunin.webp", "c": "chrisaliv · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/architects/e/architects/gottfried-semper/": {"t": "Gottfried Semper", "s": "Architect of the Semper Opera House and pioneer of polychrome theory", "i": "https://codexery.com/architects/img/architects/gottfried-semper.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Gottfried Semper · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/mountain-and-alpine-reserves/e/mountain-and-alpine-reserves/saxon-switzerland/": {"t": "Saxon Switzerland", "s": "Sandstone climbing region and national park along the Elbe south-east of Dresden.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mountain-and-alpine-reserves/img/mountain-and-alpine-reserves/saxon-switzerland.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Saxon Switzerland · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/ethics-morality/e/ethics-and-morality/sexual-slavery/": {"t": "Sexual slavery", "s": "Sexual slavery is an abuse of human rights, encompassing forced sexual activities under ownership or coercion."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/second-sino-japanese-war/": {"t": "Second Sino-Japanese War", "s": "Largest Asian war of the 20th century, intertwined with World War II.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/second-sino-japanese-war.webp", "c": "Unknown photographer, Ministry of the Navy · via Wikipedia: Second Sino-Japanese War · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/pacific-war/": {"t": "Pacific War", "s": "The largest theater of World War II, fought across the Pacific and Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/pacific-war.webp", "c": "Ensign Emment Regan · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/seoul/": {"t": "Seoul", "s": "The dynamic capital of South Korea, blending ancient history with cutting-edge modernity."}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-cities/e/japanese-cities/osaka/": {"t": "Osaka", "s": "Japan's historic commercial hub and a major global financial center."}, "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/e/great-collapses/the-irish-famine/": {"t": "The Irish Famine", "s": "A period of mass starvation and disease in Ireland from 1845 to 1852, marked by profound demographic and political change."}}