{"https://codexery.com/plant-families-taxonomy/e/plant-families-and-taxonomy/flowering-plant/": {"t": "Flowering plant", "s": "Flowering plants dominate land habitats and sustain human agriculture."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/monocotyledon/": {"t": "Monocotyledon", "s": "Flowering plants with a single cotyledon, including grasses, grains, and many houseplants."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/onion/": {"t": "Onion", "s": "The most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium, known for its pungent flavor and culinary versatility."}, "https://codexery.com/korean-vegetables/e/korean-vegetables/tree-onion/": {"t": "Tree onion", "s": "A perennial onion that forms bulblets instead of flowers."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/wales/": {"t": "Wales", "s": "A country of mountains, coast, and ancient culture, part of the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/mauritian-cuisine/e/mauritian-cuisine/shumai/": {"t": "Shumai", "s": "A traditional Chinese dumpling with global variations."}, "https://codexery.com/recipes/e/classic-dishes/peking-duck/": {"t": "Peking duck", "s": "A Beijing dish with crispy skin, served since the Imperial era."}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-soups-and-stews/e/japanese-soups-and-stews/miso-soup/": {"t": "Miso soup", "s": "A traditional Japanese soup of miso in dashi stock."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/chinese-inventions/ramen/": {"t": "Ramen", "s": "Japanese noodle soup dish with Chinese origins and global reach."}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-rice-dishes/e/japanese-rice-dishes/gy-don/": {"t": "Gyūdon", "s": "Beef and onion simmered in sweet soy sauce over rice."}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-cuisine/e/japanese-cuisine/sushi/": {"t": "Sushi", "s": "Japanese vinegared rice dish with varied toppings, popular worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/korean-cuisine/": {"t": "Korean cuisine", "s": "A cuisine shaped by centuries of social and political change."}, "https://codexery.com/street-food-in-south-korea/e/street-food-in-south-korea/mandu-food/": {"t": "Mandu (food)", "s": "Korean dumplings with a long history and many regional styles."}, "https://codexery.com/korean-soups-and-stews/e/korean-soups-and-stews/guk/": {"t": "Guk", "s": "A foundational Korean soup category, served with rice and side dishes."}, "https://codexery.com/costa-rican-cuisine/e/costa-rican-cuisine/scotch-bonnet/": {"t": "Scotch bonnet", "s": "A chili pepper cultivar named for its bonnet-like shape."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/garlic/": {"t": "Garlic", "s": "A bulbous plant used for millennia as food and remedy."}, "https://codexery.com/aquarium-and-aquatic-plants/e/aquarium-and-aquatic-plants/crinum-thaianum/": {"t": "Crinum thaianum", "s": "An endangered Thai aquatic plant popular in tropical aquaria."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/soup/": {"t": "Soup", "s": "A liquid savoury dish, served warm or hot (or sometimes chilled), with a history stretching back to prehistoric times."}, "https://codexery.com/one-thousand-and-one-nights-characters/e/one-thousand-and-one-nights-characters/ibrahim-ibn-al-mahdi/": {"t": "Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi", "s": "Abbasid prince, singer, composer, poet, and brief caliph."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/middle-ages/": {"t": "Middle Ages", "s": "The middle epoch between classical antiquity and the modern period.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/middle-ages.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Middle Ages · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-cuisine/e/chinese-cuisine/dongjing-meng-hua-lu/": {"t": "Dongjing Meng Hua Lu", "s": "A nostalgic memoir of Kaifeng's golden age, rich in food, festivals, and daily life."}, "https://codexery.com/french-chefs/e/french-chefs/marie-antoine-car-me/": {"t": "Marie-Antoine Carême", "s": "French chef who codified classical grande cuisine.", "i": "https://codexery.com/french-chefs/img/french-chefs/marie-antoine-car-me.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Marie-Antoine Carême · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/isinglass/": {"t": "Isinglass", "s": "Collagen from fish swim bladders used to clarify beer and wine."}, "https://codexery.com/belgian-cuisine/e/belgian-cuisine/p-t/": {"t": "Pâté", "s": "A forcemeat dish, often cooked in a terrine."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/beef/": {"t": "Beef", "s": "The culinary name for meat from cattle, with a history from Neanderthal times to modern global production."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/e/animal-anatomy/bone/": {"t": "Bone", "s": "Bones are rigid organs forming the vertebrate skeleton.", "i": "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/img/animal-anatomy/bone.webp", "c": "Donvikro · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/poultry/": {"t": "Poultry", "s": "Domesticated birds raised for meat, eggs, and feathers."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/vegetable/": {"t": "Vegetable", "s": "Edible plant parts, cultivated since early agriculture."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/pectin/": {"t": "Pectin", "s": "Plant cell wall polymer used as a gelling agent in foods."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/pork/": {"t": "Pork", "s": "Pork is the second most widely eaten meat globally."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/potato/": {"t": "Potato", "s": "A starchy tuber domesticated in the Andes, now a global staple."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/condiment/": {"t": "Condiment", "s": "Preparations added to food to enhance flavor or complement dishes."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/butter/": {"t": "Butter", "s": "A semi-solid gel of churned cream, butter is a dairy staple used as a spread, condiment, and cooking fat."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/cheese/": {"t": "Cheese", "s": "A fermented dairy product with ancient origins and global diversity."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/bacon/": {"t": "Bacon", "s": "Salt-cured pork from various cuts, used as food worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/trinidad-and-tobago-cuisine/e/trinidad-and-tobago-cuisine/chicken-curry/": {"t": "Chicken curry", "s": "A South Asian stewed chicken dish with regional variations worldwide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/trinidad-and-tobago-cuisine/img/trinidad-and-tobago-cuisine/chicken-curry.webp", "c": "Alpha from Melbourne, Australia · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/iranian-cuisine/e/iranian-cuisine/baked-beans/": {"t": "Baked beans", "s": "A slow-cooked bean dish with ancient American origins."}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/tuna/": {"t": "Tuna", "s": "Fast, warm-blooded, and prized worldwide — tuna are among the ocean's most remarkable fish.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seafood/img/seafood/tuna.webp", "c": "NOAA · via Wikipedia: Tuna · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/inca-empire/": {"t": "Inca Empire", "s": "Largest pre-Columbian empire, centered in the Andes."}, "https://codexery.com/energy-power/e/energy-and-power/microwave-oven/": {"t": "Microwave oven", "s": "An electric oven using microwaves for rapid food heating."}, "https://codexery.com/swiss-inventions/e/swiss-inventions/aluminium-foil/": {"t": "Aluminium foil", "s": "Thin aluminium sheets used for packaging and industrial applications."}, "https://codexery.com/mexican-cuisine/e/mexican-cuisine/chili-con-carne/": {"t": "Chili con carne", "s": "A spicy stew of Mexican origin, chili con carne blends chili peppers, meat, tomatoes, and beans in a dish that sparks passionate debate."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/fast-food/": {"t": "Fast food", "s": "Mass-produced food designed for speed of service, with a global industry worth $570 billion in 2018.", "i": "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/img/food-and-drink/fast-food.webp", "c": "KODJOME Romaric · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/korean-cuisine/e/korean-cuisine/chili-powder/": {"t": "Chili powder", "s": "Dried, pulverized chili pepper used as a spice or blend."}, "https://codexery.com/azerbaijani-cuisine/e/azerbaijani-cuisine/kashk/": {"t": "Kashk", "s": "A dried dairy product central to Iranian, Caucasian, and Central Asian cuisines."}, "https://codexery.com/armenian-cuisine/e/armenian-cuisine/pastirma/": {"t": "Pastirma", "s": "A heavily seasoned, air-dried cured meat of Armenian origin."}, "/e/russian-cuisine/kumis/": {"t": "Kumis", "s": "Traditional fermented mare milk drink of Central Asian steppes."}, "https://codexery.com/afghan-cuisine/e/afghan-cuisine/doogh/": {"t": "Doogh", "s": "A cold, savory Persian fermented milk drink."}, "https://codexery.com/national-dishes/e/national-dishes/beshbarmak/": {"t": "Beshbarmak", "s": "Central Asian meat and noodle dish eaten with the hands.", "i": "https://codexery.com/national-dishes/img/national-dishes/beshbarmak.webp", "c": "Sharon Hahn Darlin · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/e/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/ural-mountains/": {"t": "Ural Mountains", "s": "Mountain range listed in the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/eastern-europe/": {"t": "Eastern Europe", "s": "A contested subregion with shifting cultural and political boundaries."}, "https://codexery.com/belarusian-cuisine/e/belarusian-cuisine/pirog/": {"t": "Pirog", "s": "A baked dough case with sweet or savory filling.", "i": "https://codexery.com/belarusian-cuisine/img/belarusian-cuisine/pirog.webp", "c": "EgorovaSvetlana · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/azerbaijani-cuisine/e/azerbaijani-cuisine/pirozhki/": {"t": "Pirozhki", "s": "Small filled buns popular in Russian and Eastern European cuisine."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/turkish-cuisine/": {"t": "Turkish cuisine", "s": "Turkish cuisine blends Central Asian, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/turkic-languages/": {"t": "Turkic languages", "s": "The Turkic languages form a family of over 35 documented languages, spoken by Turkic peoples across a vast stretch of Eurasia—from Southeastern and Eastern Euro"}, "https://codexery.com/fermentation/e/fermented-foods/sourdough/": {"t": "Sourdough", "s": "Ancient leavening agent using wild yeast and lactobacilli.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fermentation/img/fermented-foods/sourdough.webp", "c": "Tomascastelazo · via Wikipedia: Sourdough · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/spices/e/profiles/coriander/": {"t": "Coriander", "s": "Annual herb with edible leaves and seeds, used globally."}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/choux-pastry/": {"t": "Choux pastry", "s": "A delicate steam-leavened dough used in many pastries."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars/": {"t": "Napoleonic Wars", "s": "Global conflicts from 1803 to 1815, featuring coalitions against Napoleon and French domination of Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars.webp", "c": "Ruedi33a · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/brazilian-cuisine/e/brazilian-cuisine/french-roll/": {"t": "French roll", "s": "A bread roll with a baguette-like crust."}, "https://codexery.com/cooking/e/cooking-techniques/baking/": {"t": "Baking", "s": "Dry-heat cooking method used for bread and pastries."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/polish-language/": {"t": "Polish language", "s": "A West Slavic language with a rich literary tradition and over 39.7 million native speakers."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/czech-language/": {"t": "Czech language", "s": "A West Slavic language of the Czech–Slovak group, official in the Czech Republic, with a rich morphology and a raised alveolar trill."}, "https://codexery.com/polish-cuisine/e/polish-cuisine/sushki/": {"t": "Sushki", "s": "Crunchy Eastern European bread rings for tea or coffee."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/polish-cuisine/": {"t": "Polish cuisine", "s": "A cuisine shaped by ten centuries of history, trade, and cultural exchange."}, "https://codexery.com/polish-cuisine/e/polish-cuisine/obwarzanek-krakowski/": {"t": "Obwarzanek krakowski", "s": "A boiled and baked ring-shaped bread from Kraków."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-poland/e/world-heritage-sites-in-poland/krak-w/": {"t": "Kraków", "s": "Historic royal capital and UNESCO World Heritage city in southern Poland."}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/writers-and-poets/alexander-pushkin/": {"t": "Alexander Pushkin", "s": "Russian poet, playwright, and novelist of the Romantic era, considered the greatest Russian poet and founder of modern Russian literature."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-and-soviet-writers/e/russian-and-soviet-writers/alexander-radishchev/": {"t": "Alexander Radishchev", "s": "Russian author exiled for critiquing serfdom and autocracy.", "i": "https://codexery.com/russian-and-soviet-writers/img/russian-and-soviet-writers/alexander-radishchev.webp", "c": "Pansosh · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/poland/": {"t": "Poland", "s": "A Central European nation with a rich history, from the Piast dynasty to the Solidarity movement."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church/": {"t": "Catholic Church", "s": "The largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members.", "i": "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/img/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Christianity by country · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/festivals-and-celebrations/e/festivals-and-celebrations/good-friday/": {"t": "Good Friday", "s": "Christian holy day commemorating the crucifixion of Jesus."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/president-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "President of the United States", "s": "Head of state and government of the United States."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/black-pepper/": {"t": "Black pepper", "s": "A flowering vine whose dried fruit is a ubiquitous spice, native to South Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/russian-language/": {"t": "Russian language", "s": "An East Slavic language of the Indo-European family, native to Russia and widely spoken across Eurasia."}, "/e/russian-cuisine/aspic/": {"t": "Aspic", "s": "A traditional Russian winter jelly, served with horseradish or mustard."}, "/e/russian-cuisine/kasha/": {"t": "Kasha", "s": "A porridge usually made from buckwheat, central to Slavic cuisines."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/amur/": {"t": "Amur", "s": "Major Northeast Asian river forming the Russia–China border.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/amur.webp", "c": "I13Robin · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/volga/": {"t": "Volga", "s": "Europe's longest river, flowing through Russia into the Caspian Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/don-river/": {"t": "Don (river)", "s": "Fifth-longest river in Europe, key Byzantine trade route.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/don-river.webp", "c": "High Contrast · via Wikipedia: Don (river) · CC BY-SA 2.0 de"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/ural-river/": {"t": "Ural (river)", "s": "River forming the Europe-Asia boundary, third-longest in Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/rivers/ural-river.webp", "c": "Deniska000 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/fish-as-food/": {"t": "Fish as food", "s": "Fish provides protein and nutrients consumed globally in diverse forms."}, "https://codexery.com/reef-cephalopods/e/reef-cephalopods/cuttlefish/": {"t": "Cuttlefish", "s": "Intelligent marine molluscs with a unique internal shell and W-shaped pupils.", "i": "https://codexery.com/reef-cephalopods/img/reef-cephalopods/cuttlefish.webp", "c": "Vicmicallef · via Wikipedia: Cuttlefish · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/bony-fish/e/bony-fish/common-bream/": {"t": "Common bream", "s": "A European freshwater fish, sole species in genus Abramis.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bony-fish/img/bony-fish/common-bream.webp", "c": "Микова Наталия · via Wikipedia: Common bream · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/dnieper/": {"t": "Dnieper", "s": "Major transboundary river of Eastern Europe, vital to Ukraine's economy."}, "https://codexery.com/belgian-cuisine/e/belgian-cuisine/jambon-d-ardenne/": {"t": "Jambon d'Ardenne", "s": "A dry-cured ham from the Ardennes with protected geographical status."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/olive-oil/": {"t": "Olive oil", "s": "A staple of Mediterranean cuisine, olive oil is pressed from olives and used in cooking, cosmetics, and more."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-cuisine/e/chinese-cuisine/cabbage-roll/": {"t": "Cabbage roll", "s": "A beloved comfort dish found across Europe, Asia, and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/alcoholic-beverage/": {"t": "Alcoholic beverage", "s": "From ancient brews to modern spirits: the story of alcohol.", "i": "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/img/food-and-drink/alcoholic-beverage.webp", "c": "Kurt Kaiser · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/bbq/e/barbecue-and-grilling/shish-kebab/": {"t": "Shish kebab", "s": "Skewered and grilled meat dish of Middle Eastern origin."}, "https://codexery.com/austrian-cuisine/e/austrian-cuisine/goulash/": {"t": "Goulash", "s": "A Hungarian dish of meat and vegetables seasoned with paprika."}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/dewberry/": {"t": "Dewberry", "s": "Trailing brambles with edible berries, related to blackberries."}, "https://codexery.com/plants-crops/e/plants-and-crops/watermelon/": {"t": "Watermelon", "s": "A sweet, juicy vine fruit domesticated in Sudan and cultivated worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/tea/": {"t": "Tea", "s": "The world's most consumed beverage after water, steeped in history and tradition."}, "https://codexery.com/armenian-cuisine/e/armenian-cuisine/tahn/": {"t": "Tahn", "s": "A cold savory yogurt beverage from Armenia."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/wine/": {"t": "Wine", "s": "Fermented grape juice with ancient origins and global cultural significance."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/italians/": {"t": "Italians", "s": "An ethnic group native to Italy with a global diaspora."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/ethiopian-cuisine/": {"t": "Ethiopian cuisine", "s": "Spicy stews on sourdough flatbread, shaped by faith and agriculture."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/pomegranate/": {"t": "Pomegranate", "s": "Ancient fruit domesticated in Iran, now cultivated worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/armenian-cuisine/e/armenian-cuisine/armenian-cuisine/": {"t": "Armenian cuisine", "s": "A cuisine shaped by history, geography, and fresh ingredients."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/georgian-cuisine/": {"t": "Georgian cuisine", "s": "Georgian cuisine blends regional traditions with Silk Road influences."}, "https://codexery.com/israeli-cuisine/e/israeli-cuisine/israeli-cuisine/": {"t": "Israeli cuisine", "s": "Fusion of Jewish diaspora and Arab culinary traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/mayonnaise/": {"t": "Mayonnaise", "s": "Thick, creamy emulsion of oil, egg yolk, and acid."}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-cuisine/e/egyptian-cuisine/egyptian-cuisine/": {"t": "Egyptian cuisine", "s": "Egyptian cuisine blends Nile Valley produce with ancient and medieval traditions.", "i": "https://codexery.com/egyptian-cuisine/img/egyptian-cuisine/egyptian-cuisine.webp", "c": "Dina Said · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/iranian-cuisine/e/iranian-cuisine/iranian-cuisine/": {"t": "Iranian cuisine", "s": "Iranian cuisine blends rice, herbs, fruits, and spices."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/greek-cuisine/": {"t": "Greek cuisine", "s": "Greek cuisine blends ancient traditions with Mediterranean and Balkan influences."}, "https://codexery.com/turkish-cuisine/e/turkish-cuisine/cypriot-cuisine/": {"t": "Cypriot cuisine", "s": "Cypriot cuisine blends Greek, Turkish, and Levantine influences."}, "https://codexery.com/turkish-cuisine/e/turkish-cuisine/i-mam-bay-ld/": {"t": "İmam bayıldı", "s": "A stuffed aubergine dish simmered in olive oil."}, "https://codexery.com/macedonian-cuisine/e/macedonian-cuisine/macedonian-cuisine/": {"t": "Macedonian cuisine", "s": "Traditional cuisine of North Macedonia with Ottoman and Balkan influences.", "i": "https://codexery.com/macedonian-cuisine/img/macedonian-cuisine/macedonian-cuisine.webp", "c": "Petar Milošević · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-and-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/eggplant/": {"t": "Eggplant", "s": "A versatile berry from the nightshade family, prized for its ability to absorb flavors."}, "https://codexery.com/plants-crops/e/plants-and-crops/walnut/": {"t": "Walnut", "s": "The drupe-like nut with a rich history and a kernel packed with antioxidants."}, "/e/russian-cuisine/korovai/": {"t": "Korovai", "s": "Traditional wedding bread with ancient pagan origins."}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/brioche/": {"t": "Brioche", "s": "A rich French Viennoiserie with high egg and butter content.", "i": "https://codexery.com/baking/img/baking/brioche.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Brioche · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/hungary/": {"t": "Hungary", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich history, from the Kingdom of Hungary to EU membership."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-legends/e/medieval-legends/all-saints-day/": {"t": "All Saints' Day", "s": "Christian holy day honoring all saints, known and unknown.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medieval-legends/img/medieval-legends/all-saints-day.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: All Saints' Day · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/european-literary-masters/e/european-literary-masters/w-adys-aw-reymont/": {"t": "Władysław Reymont", "s": "Polish Nobel laureate novelist, author of Chłopi."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/plum/": {"t": "Plum", "s": "Plums are an ancient domesticated fruit, dried as prunes."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/saffron/": {"t": "Saffron", "s": "A labor-intensive spice derived from the saffron crocus."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/slavic-languages/": {"t": "Slavic languages", "s": "The Slavic languages are a major branch of the Indo-European family, spoken by over 315 million people across Eastern and Central Europe and beyond.", "i": "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/img/languages-of-the-world/slavic-languages.webp", "c": "CrazyPhunk · via Wikipedia: Slavic languages · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/karelia/": {"t": "Karelia", "s": "A historical region divided between Russia and Finland, known for its lakes, cultural heritage, and contested past."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-regions/e/russian-regions/republic-of-karelia/": {"t": "Republic of Karelia", "s": "A republic of Russia in the northwest, between Lake Ladoga and the White Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/wheat/": {"t": "Wheat", "s": "A staple cereal cultivated for millennia, wheat is the second most-produced grain after maize."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/rice/": {"t": "Rice", "s": "Staple grain for over half the world's population."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/cereal/": {"t": "Cereal", "s": "Grasses cultivated for edible grain, global staple foods."}, "https://codexery.com/belarusian-cuisine/e/belarusian-cuisine/belarusian-cuisine/": {"t": "Belarusian cuisine", "s": "Culinary traditions native to Belarus and its people.", "i": "https://codexery.com/belarusian-cuisine/img/belarusian-cuisine/belarusian-cuisine.webp", "c": "Tess Mattew · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/czech-cuisine/e/czech-cuisine/czech-cuisine/": {"t": "Czech cuisine", "s": "Central European cuisine with hearty soups, dumplings, and pork.", "i": "https://codexery.com/czech-cuisine/img/czech-cuisine/czech-cuisine.webp", "c": "Silar · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/romanian-cuisine/e/romanian-cuisine/romanian-cuisine/": {"t": "Romanian cuisine", "s": "Traditional cuisine of Romania, shaped by geography and history."}, "https://codexery.com/romanian-cuisine/e/romanian-cuisine/moldovan-cuisine/": {"t": "Moldovan cuisine", "s": "Moldovan cuisine blends local ingredients with regional influences."}, "https://codexery.com/thanksgiving-food/e/thanksgiving-food/gravy/": {"t": "Gravy", "s": "A sauce made from meat or vegetable juices, often thickened."}, "https://codexery.com/pasta/e/pasta-and-noodles/farfalle/": {"t": "Farfalle", "s": "Butterfly-shaped pasta from 16th-century Italy."}, "https://codexery.com/matzah/e/matzah/matzah-ball/": {"t": "Matzah ball", "s": "Ashkenazi Jewish soup dumplings made from matzah meal."}, "https://codexery.com/turkish-cuisine/e/turkish-cuisine/bulgur/": {"t": "Bulgur", "s": "Ancient cracked wheat staple of Middle Eastern cuisine.", "i": "https://codexery.com/turkish-cuisine/img/turkish-cuisine/bulgur.webp", "c": "Myself · via Wikipedia: Bulgur · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/filipino-cuisine/e/filipino-cuisine/blood-sausage/": {"t": "Blood sausage", "s": "Barbadian blood sausage: a traditional pudding made with sweet potato, pig's blood, and spices.", "i": "https://codexery.com/filipino-cuisine/img/filipino-cuisine/blood-sausage.webp", "c": "Gvjekoslav · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/czech-cuisine/e/czech-cuisine/kaszanka/": {"t": "Kaszanka", "s": "Traditional blood sausage with buckwheat or barley.", "i": "https://codexery.com/czech-cuisine/img/czech-cuisine/kaszanka.webp", "c": "Aw58 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/yiddish/": {"t": "Yiddish", "s": "A West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews, with roots in the Holy Roman Empire and a fusion of High German, Hebrew, Aramaic, and Slavic ele"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/eastern-orthodox-church/": {"t": "Eastern Orthodox Church", "s": "Second-largest Christian body; autocephalous communion; no central pope; primus inter pares of Constantinople."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/noun/": {"t": "Noun", "s": "A word denoting an entity, central to grammar across languages."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/romanian-language/": {"t": "Romanian language", "s": "The official language of Romania and Moldova, spoken by 22 million people as a first language."}, "https://codexery.com/specific-languages/e/specific-languages/georgian-language/": {"t": "Georgian language", "s": "The official language of Georgia, spoken by about 3.8 million people."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/ukrainian-language/": {"t": "Ukrainian language", "s": "East Slavic language of Ukraine, with deep historical roots."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/turkish-language/": {"t": "Turkish language", "s": "Most widely spoken Turkic language, official in Turkey and Cyprus."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/sesame/": {"t": "Sesame", "s": "One of the oldest oilseed crops, prized for its nutty flavor and drought tolerance."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/almond/": {"t": "Almond", "s": "A drupe with a hard shell, not a true nut, prized in desserts and cultivated since the Early Bronze Age."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/cinnamon/": {"t": "Cinnamon", "s": "A spice from the inner bark of Cinnamomum trees, used as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive."}, "https://codexery.com/plants-fungi/e/plants-and-fungi/anise/": {"t": "Anise", "s": "A flowering plant used for flavor and traditional medicine."}, "https://codexery.com/spices/e/profiles/parsley/": {"t": "Parsley", "s": "A bright green biennial herb native to the Mediterranean and North Africa, widely used in cuisines around the world."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/romania/": {"t": "Romania", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, rich in history and natural beauty."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/greek-language/": {"t": "Greek language", "s": "Greek is the world's oldest recorded living language."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/athanasius-of-alexandria/": {"t": "Athanasius of Alexandria", "s": "Trinitarian theologian, patriarch of Alexandria, exiled five times."}, "https://codexery.com/bazaars/e/bazaars/marketplace/": {"t": "Marketplace", "s": "A place for trade, from ancient bazaars to modern e-commerce."}, "https://codexery.com/turkish-folklore/e/turkish-folklore/bread-and-salt/": {"t": "Bread and salt", "s": "Bread and salt symbolize hospitality and welcome across many cultures."}, "https://codexery.com/korea-under-japanese-rule/e/korea-under-japanese-rule/sakhalin-koreans/": {"t": "Sakhalin Koreans", "s": "Korean diaspora on Sakhalin, stranded after World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/turkic-peoples/": {"t": "Turkic peoples", "s": "A collection of diverse ethnic groups speaking Turkic languages, originating in Central-East Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/mongols/": {"t": "Mongols", "s": "East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and parts of China and Siberia."}, "https://codexery.com/fermentation/e/fermented-foods/kefir/": {"t": "Kefir", "s": "Fermented milk drink made from symbiotic kefir grains.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fermentation/img/fermented-foods/kefir.webp", "c": "Quijote at Russian Wikipedia · via Wikipedia: Kefir · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/protein/": {"t": "Protein", "s": "Essential biomolecules that catalyze, structure, and regulate life."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-metabolism/e/physiology-and-metabolism/lactose/": {"t": "Lactose", "s": "A disaccharide sugar found in milk, used in food and pharmaceuticals."}, "https://codexery.com/fermentation/e/fermented-foods/fermentation-in-food-processing/": {"t": "Fermentation in food processing", "s": "The science of turning carbs into alcohol or acids using microbes."}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-conquistadors/e/explorers-and-conquistadors/william-of-rubruck/": {"t": "William of Rubruck", "s": "Franciscan friar who traveled to the Mongol Empire and wrote a travel account."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/e/chemistry-fundamentals/acid/": {"t": "Acid", "s": "A substance that donates a proton or accepts an electron pair.", "i": "https://codexery.com/chemistry-fundamentals/img/chemistry-fundamentals/acid.webp", "c": "Heritage Preservation Department - MNHS · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/baking/e/baking/yeast/": {"t": "Yeast", "s": "Unicellular fungi essential for fermentation and biological research."}, "https://codexery.com/housing-furniture/e/housing-and-furniture/yurt/": {"t": "Yurt", "s": "Portable round tent of Inner Asian nomads"}, "https://codexery.com/chemical-reactors-and-processes/e/chemical-reactors-and-processes/fractional-freezing/": {"t": "Fractional freezing", "s": "A process for separating substances by melting point differences."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/herodotus/": {"t": "Herodotus", "s": "The Father of History"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-classical-texts/e/ancient-and-classical-texts/histories-herodotus/": {"t": "Histories (Herodotus)", "s": "Founding work of history in Western literature."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/yuan-dynasty/": {"t": "Yuan dynasty", "s": "Mongol-led dynasty that ruled all of China proper."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/polish-lithuanian-commonwealth/": {"t": "Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth", "s": "A semi-federal, semi-confederal real union of Poland and Lithuania created in 1569."}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/beliefs-and-practices/magic-supernatural/": {"t": "Magic (supernatural)", "s": "Beliefs and rituals to manipulate natural or supernatural forces."}, "https://codexery.com/fairy-tale-stock-characters/e/fairy-tale-stock-characters/magician-fantasy/": {"t": "Magician (fantasy)", "s": "A practitioner of magic in fantasy and folklore."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/mushroom/": {"t": "Mushroom", "s": "Fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/italian-cuisine/": {"t": "Italian cuisine", "s": "Simple ingredients, extraordinary flavor."}, "https://codexery.com/pasta/e/pasta-and-noodles/ravioli/": {"t": "Ravioli", "s": "Stuffed pasta of Italian origin, served in broth or sauce."}, "https://codexery.com/hungarian-cuisine/e/hungarian-cuisine/hungarian-cuisine/": {"t": "Hungarian cuisine", "s": "Spiciest cuisine in Europe, centered on paprika and meat stews."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/minsk/": {"t": "Minsk", "s": "Minsk is the capital and largest city of Belarus, situated along the Svislach River and the now-underground Nyamiha River."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/flour/": {"t": "Flour", "s": "Powder made by grinding grains, nuts, seeds, roots, or vegetables.", "i": "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/img/food-and-drink/flour.webp", "c": "Chandapiwa Malema · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/salt/": {"t": "Salt", "s": "Essential mineral, ancient seasoning, and cornerstone of preservation."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/dessert/": {"t": "Dessert", "s": "A sweet course concluding a meal, with varied global traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/belarusian-cuisine/e/belarusian-cuisine/twelve-dish-christmas-eve-supper/": {"t": "Twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper", "s": "A twelve-dish meal commemorating the twelve disciples during the Nativity Fast.", "i": "https://codexery.com/belarusian-cuisine/img/belarusian-cuisine/twelve-dish-christmas-eve-supper.webp", "c": "No machine-readable author provided. Oleh Petriv assumed (based on copyright cla · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/podlaskie-voivodeship/": {"t": "Podlaskie Voivodeship", "s": "The Green Lungs of Poland – a land of primeval forests, bison, and continental climate."}, "https://codexery.com/public-holidays-observances/e/public-holidays-and-observances/new-year-s-eve/": {"t": "New Year's Eve", "s": "The last day of the Gregorian year, celebrated worldwide with fireworks, feasts, and festivities.", "i": "https://codexery.com/public-holidays-observances/img/public-holidays-and-observances/new-year-s-eve.webp", "c": "Syced · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/bosnia-and-herzegovina-cuisine/e/bosnia-and-herzegovina-cuisine/pavlaka/": {"t": "Pavlaka", "s": "Balkan sour cream. Goes in stews, salads, and over whatever's on the plate."}, "https://codexery.com/volcanic-mountains/e/volcanic-mountains/mount-ararat/": {"t": "Mount Ararat", "s": "Dormant volcano in Turkey, national symbol of Armenia."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/religious-practices-and-symbols/baptism/": {"t": "Baptism", "s": "Christian rite of initiation using water, with varied modes and meanings.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/img/religious-practices-and-symbols/baptism.webp", "c": "Confidence24 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/religious-practices-and-symbols/fasting/": {"t": "Fasting", "s": "Fasting: from metabolic state to religious ritual and political protest."}, "https://codexery.com/family-relationships/e/family-and-relationships/wedding/": {"t": "Wedding", "s": "A ceremony uniting two people in marriage, with diverse global traditions."}, "https://codexery.com/ritual/e/ritual/house-blessing/": {"t": "House blessing", "s": "Rites to protect dwellings from misfortune across many religions."}, "https://codexery.com/herbs-and-spices/e/herbs-and-spices/vanilla/": {"t": "Vanilla", "s": "A spice derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla, primarily from the seed pods of V. planifolia."}, "https://codexery.com/food-cooking/e/food-and-cooking/vegetable-oil/": {"t": "Vegetable oil", "s": "Edible oils from plants used for millennia in food and industry."}, "https://codexery.com/fermentation/e/fermented-foods/sauerkraut/": {"t": "Sauerkraut", "s": "Fermented cabbage with a long history and a sour bite."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/italian-language/": {"t": "Italian language", "s": "A Romance language of the Indo-European family, standardised from literary Florentine Tuscan."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/cuisine/": {"t": "Cuisine", "s": "A style of cooking shaped by region, culture, and history."}, "https://codexery.com/lines-hemispheres/e/lines-and-hemispheres/northern-hemisphere/": {"t": "Northern Hemisphere", "s": "The Northern Hemisphere contains most of the world's continents and major landmasses.", "i": "https://codexery.com/lines-hemispheres/img/lines-and-hemispheres/northern-hemisphere.webp", "c": "Sean Baker ( Marvin01 | talk ) · via Wikipedia: Northern Hemisphere · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/meatball/": {"t": "Meatball", "s": "Ground meat formed into a ball and cooked in various ways."}, "https://codexery.com/cooking/e/cooking-techniques/stew/": {"t": "Stew", "s": "A slow-cooked dish of ingredients in liquid gravy."}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/herring/": {"t": "Herring", "s": "Forage fish forming large schools, vital to fisheries science and history."}, "https://codexery.com/belarusian-cuisine/e/belarusian-cuisine/potato-pancake/": {"t": "Potato pancake", "s": "A fried potato dish found across many European cuisines."}, "https://codexery.com/british-cuisine/e/british-cuisine/black-pudding/": {"t": "Black pudding", "s": "A blood sausage from the UK and Ireland, thickened with cereal.", "i": "https://codexery.com/british-cuisine/img/british-cuisine/black-pudding.webp", "c": "Neil Theasby · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/dutch-cuisine/e/dutch-cuisine/mashed-potato/": {"t": "Mashed potato", "s": "A versatile side dish made from boiled and mashed potatoes."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/sugar/": {"t": "Sugar", "s": "A class of sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates used in food."}, "https://codexery.com/spices/e/profiles/dill/": {"t": "Dill", "s": "Annual herb used widely in Eurasian cuisine."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/mordovia/": {"t": "Mordovia", "s": "A republic of Russia in Eastern Europe, home to the Mordvin people and the city of Saransk."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/tatars/": {"t": "Tatars", "s": "Turkic-speaking peoples across Eastern Europe and Northern Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/cucumber/": {"t": "Cucumber", "s": "A widely-cultivated creeping vine plant with cylindrical fruits."}, "https://codexery.com/german-cuisine/e/german-cuisine/chrain/": {"t": "Chrain", "s": "A pungent horseradish condiment central to Eastern European cuisine."}, "https://codexery.com/plant-families-taxonomy/e/plant-families-and-taxonomy/equisetum/": {"t": "Equisetum", "s": "Living fossil horsetails reproduce by spores and have ancient origins."}, "https://codexery.com/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/e/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/edible-mushroom/": {"t": "Edible mushroom", "s": "Fleshy fungi consumed for flavor and nutrition, requiring careful identification.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/img/fungi-and-fungus-like-organisms/edible-mushroom.webp", "c": "George Chernilevsky · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/beijing/": {"t": "Beijing", "s": "The world's most populous national capital, blending millennia of history with cutting-edge innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/sino-soviet-split/": {"t": "Sino-Soviet split", "s": "Ideological rivalry split communist world into competing spheres.", "i": "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/img/chinese-history/sino-soviet-split.webp", "c": "NuclearVacuum · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/revolutions-and-uprisings/cultural-revolution/": {"t": "Cultural Revolution", "s": "A sociopolitical movement launched by Mao Zedong from 1966 to 1976.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/img/revolutions-and-uprisings/cultural-revolution.webp", "c": "闫恩铭／Enming Yan · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cuisines/e/world-cuisines/chinese-cuisine/": {"t": "Chinese cuisine", "s": "A diverse culinary tradition shaped by geography, history, and global influence."}, "https://codexery.com/ecuadorian-cuisine/e/ecuadorian-cuisine/fried-rice/": {"t": "Fried rice", "s": "A stir-fried rice dish with countless global variations."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-history/e/chinese-history/reform-and-opening-up/": {"t": "Reform and opening up", "s": "Economic reforms that transformed China's economy after 1978."}, "https://codexery.com/food-and-drink/e/food-and-drink/kvass/": {"t": "Kvass", "s": "A fermented cereal beverage from northeastern Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/mao-zedong/": {"t": "Mao Zedong", "s": "Founder of the People's Republic of China and CCP leader."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/zhu-de/": {"t": "Zhu De", "s": "Founding marshal of the People's Republic of China"}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/oat/": {"t": "Oat", "s": "A cereal grass domesticated as a secondary crop from wild oats."}, "https://codexery.com/irish-cuisine/e/irish-cuisine/flapjack-oat-bar/": {"t": "Flapjack (oat bar)", "s": "A baked oat bar, also called a cereal bar or oat slice."}, "https://codexery.com/belgian-cuisine/e/belgian-cuisine/meatloaf/": {"t": "Meatloaf", "s": "Ground meat shaped into a loaf and baked or smoked."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/manganese/": {"t": "Manganese", "s": "Hard, brittle metal essential in alloys and human nutrition."}, "https://codexery.com/chemical-elements-metals/e/chemical-elements-and-metals/phosphorus/": {"t": "Phosphorus", "s": "The element that glows, burns, and sustains life."}, "https://codexery.com/chemical-elements/e/chemical-elements/zinc/": {"t": "Zinc", "s": "The essential trace element with a shiny blue whitish appearance."}, "https://codexery.com/cardiovascular-blood/e/cardiovascular-and-blood/cardiovascular-disease/": {"t": "Cardiovascular disease", "s": "Cardiovascular disease is the top global killer, largely preventable."}, "https://codexery.com/cardiovascular-blood/e/cardiovascular-and-blood/blood-pressure/": {"t": "Blood pressure", "s": "A vital sign measuring pressure of circulating blood against vessel walls."}, "https://codexery.com/british-breads/e/british-breads/staffordshire-oatcake/": {"t": "Staffordshire oatcake", "s": "A savoury oatmeal pancake from north Staffordshire, cooked on a griddle."}}