{"https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/russo-ukrainian-war/": {"t": "Russo-Ukrainian war", "s": "The Russo-Ukrainian war is an ongoing conflict that began in February 2014."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-cities/e/russian-cities/voronezh/": {"t": "Voronezh", "s": "Russian city founded as a fort, later a key shipbuilding center."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/moscow/": {"t": "Moscow", "s": "Capital of Russia, largest city in Europe, and a historic center of power and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/khl-and-european-hockey-clubs/e/khl-and-european-hockey-clubs/ska-saint-petersburg/": {"t": "SKA Saint Petersburg", "s": "Russian club owned by Gazprom, two-time Gagarin Cup champion."}, "/e/roscosmos/luch-5v/": {"t": "Luch 5V", "s": "Russian relay satellite for ISS and low Earth orbit data."}, "/e/roscosmos/russian-orbital-segment/": {"t": "Russian Orbital Segment", "s": "Russian-built segment of the International Space Station."}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/the-international-space-station/": {"t": "The International Space Station", "s": "The International Space Station (ISS) is a modular spacecraft in low Earth orbit, assembled and operated by five partner agencies: NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, a"}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/astronomy-and-space/low-earth-orbit/": {"t": "Low Earth orbit", "s": "Low Earth orbit hosts most artificial satellites and space stations."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/geosynchronous-orbit/": {"t": "Geosynchronous orbit", "s": "An Earth orbit synchronized with the planet's rotation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/img/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/geosynchronous-orbit.webp", "c": "MikeRun · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-france/e/space-program-of-france/thales-alenia-space/": {"t": "Thales Alenia Space", "s": "European joint venture for satellites and space infrastructure."}, "/e/roscosmos/luch-5b/": {"t": "Luch 5B", "s": "Russian relay satellite for ISS and LEO communications."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/soyuz-ms/": {"t": "Soyuz MS", "s": "Latest Russian crewed spacecraft for ISS missions."}, "https://codexery.com/satellites/e/satellites/satellite/": {"t": "Satellite", "s": "Artificial objects placed into orbit around a celestial body."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/earth/": {"t": "Earth", "s": "The only known planet with liquid surface water and life."}, "https://codexery.com/phantom-places-discovery/e/phantom-places-and-discovery/remote-sensing/": {"t": "Remote sensing", "s": "Acquiring information about objects without physical contact."}, "https://codexery.com/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-soviet/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-soviet-union/rokot/": {"t": "Rokot", "s": "Soviet/Russian launch vehicle derived from the UR-100N ICBM."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-the-soviet-union/e/space-program-of-the-soviet-union/glavkosmos/": {"t": "Glavkosmos", "s": "Soviet-era space marketing body turned commercial launch provider."}, "https://codexery.com/space-missions/e/space-missions/vostok-1/": {"t": "Vostok 1", "s": "First human orbital spaceflight, carrying Yuri Gagarin."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/soyuz-spacecraft/": {"t": "Soyuz (spacecraft)", "s": "A long-serving crewed spacecraft for orbital and station missions."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/crew-dragon/": {"t": "Crew Dragon", "s": "SpaceX's reusable capsule for crew transport to orbit."}, "/e/roscosmos/russian-orbital-station/": {"t": "Russian Orbital Station", "s": "Proposed Russian space station to begin assembly in 2028."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/orbital-piloted-assembly-and-experiment-complex/": {"t": "Orbital Piloted Assembly and Experiment Complex", "s": "Proposed Russian modular station for interplanetary spacecraft assembly."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/bharatiya-antariksh-station/": {"t": "Bharatiya Antariksh Station", "s": "India's planned modular space station, set for completion by 2035."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/scientific-american/": {"t": "Scientific American", "s": "Oldest continuously published U.S. magazine."}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/orbital-station-keeping/": {"t": "Orbital station-keeping", "s": "Keeping spacecraft in orbit through precise thruster maneuvers."}, "https://codexery.com/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/e/crewed-spacecraft-and-space-stations/orel-spacecraft/": {"t": "Orel (spacecraft)", "s": "Russian partially reusable crewed spacecraft for orbit and lunar missions."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-france/e/space-program-of-france/guiana-space-centre/": {"t": "Guiana Space Centre", "s": "European spaceport in South America near the equator."}, "https://codexery.com/spacecraft-that-broke-apart-in-space/e/spacecraft-that-broke-apart-in-space/fregat/": {"t": "Fregat", "s": "Upper stage for Soyuz and Zenit, operational since 2000."}, "https://codexery.com/satellite-navigation-and-gps/e/satellite-navigation-and-gps/galileo-satellite-navigation-system/": {"t": "Galileo (satellite navigation system)", "s": "European Union's civilian GNSS providing independent high-precision positioning."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/saint-petersburg/": {"t": "Saint Petersburg", "s": "Russia's cultural capital and historic window to Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-france/e/space-program-of-france/cnes/": {"t": "CNES", "s": "French national space agency, Europe's largest such organization."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/izvestia/": {"t": "Izvestia", "s": "The News"}, "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/e/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrazine/": {"t": "Hydrazine", "s": "A versatile inorganic compound used in propellants, foams, and pharmaceuticals.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/img/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrazine.webp", "c": "Ben Mills · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/periodic-table-elements/e/periodic-table-and-elements/helium/": {"t": "Helium", "s": "A noble gas essential for cryogenics and cosmology."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-propagation/e/radio-propagation/doppler-effect/": {"t": "Doppler effect", "s": "Frequency shift due to relative motion between source and observer."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/methane/": {"t": "Methane", "s": "Simplest alkane, main component of natural gas, potent greenhouse gas."}, "https://codexery.com/soyuz-programme/e/soyuz-programme/soyuz-rocket-family/": {"t": "Soyuz (rocket family)", "s": "Soyuz is the most-launched rocket family in spaceflight history."}, "https://codexery.com/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-soviet/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-soviet-union/r-7-rocket-family/": {"t": "R-7 (rocket family)", "s": "World's first ICBM, later a prolific space launch family."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-of-new-york-city/e/cuisine-of-new-york-city/lox/": {"t": "Lox", "s": "Brined salmon fillet, often smoked, served on a bagel."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-regions/e/russian-regions/russian-far-east/": {"t": "Russian Far East", "s": "The easternmost part of Russia and Asia, coextensive with the Far Eastern Federal District."}, "https://codexery.com/aircraft-components/e/aircraft-components/grid-fin/": {"t": "Grid fin", "s": "Lattice control surfaces used on rockets, bombs, and reusable boosters."}, "https://codexery.com/climate/e/climate/atmosphere-of-earth/": {"t": "Atmosphere of Earth", "s": "The gaseous envelope surrounding Earth, essential for life and climate."}, "https://codexery.com/space-telescopes/e/space-telescopes/space-telescope/": {"t": "Space telescope", "s": "Telescopes in space avoiding atmospheric interference for astronomical observation."}, "https://codexery.com/astrophotography/e/astrophotography/ultraviolet-astronomy/": {"t": "Ultraviolet astronomy", "s": "Observing the hot, energetic universe in ultraviolet light."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-propagation/e/radio-propagation/x-band/": {"t": "X band", "s": "A microwave band used for radar, space communications, and terrestrial broadband."}, "https://codexery.com/atmospheric-sciences/e/atmospheric-sciences/atmospheric-science/": {"t": "Atmospheric science", "s": "Study of Earth's atmosphere and its physical and chemical processes."}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/planets-and-dwarf-planets/mars/": {"t": "Mars", "s": "The fourth planet from the Sun, a desert world with polar ice caps."}, "https://codexery.com/astrobiology-space-missions/e/astrobiology-space-missions/exomars/": {"t": "ExoMars", "s": "European astrobiology programme searching for past life on Mars."}, "https://codexery.com/mars/e/mars/atmosphere-of-mars/": {"t": "Atmosphere of Mars", "s": "A thin, cold, carbon-dioxide-rich envelope with seasonal dust storms."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/nitrous-oxide/": {"t": "Nitrous oxide", "s": "A gas with medical, recreational, and industrial uses."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry/e/chemistry/formaldehyde/": {"t": "Formaldehyde", "s": "Simplest aldehyde, key industrial chemical, and atmospheric pollutant."}, "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/e/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrogen-cyanide/": {"t": "Hydrogen cyanide", "s": "A highly toxic, flammable liquid and key industrial precursor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/img/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrogen-cyanide.webp", "c": "Apotashg · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/e/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrogen-sulfide/": {"t": "Hydrogen sulfide", "s": "Colorless, toxic gas with a rotten-egg odor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/img/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrogen-sulfide.webp", "c": "Jynto ( talk ) · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/e/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrogen-chloride/": {"t": "Hydrogen chloride", "s": "A colorless gas forming hydrochloric acid with water."}, "https://codexery.com/derelict-landers/e/derelict-landers/spirit-rover/": {"t": "Spirit (rover)", "s": "Mars rover that operated over twenty times longer than planned."}, "https://codexery.com/derelict-landers/e/derelict-landers/opportunity-rover/": {"t": "Opportunity (rover)", "s": "A robotic rover that explored Mars from 2004 to 2018, far exceeding its planned lifespan."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-modulation-modes/e/radio-modulation-modes/electra-radio/": {"t": "Electra (radio)", "s": "A UHF relay payload for Mars communications and navigation."}, "https://codexery.com/volcanology/e/volcanology/volcanism/": {"t": "Volcanism", "s": "Eruption of molten material from a planet or moon's interior."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/methanol/": {"t": "Methanol", "s": "Simplest alcohol, key industrial chemical, and space marker."}, "https://codexery.com/human-spaceflight-programs/e/human-spaceflight-programs/aurora-programme/": {"t": "Aurora programme", "s": "Europe's former long-term plan for Solar System exploration with robotic and human spaceflight."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-of-mars/e/exploration-of-mars/mars-exploration-joint-initiative/": {"t": "Mars Exploration Joint Initiative", "s": "A joint NASA-ESA initiative to explore Mars through collaborative missions."}, "https://codexery.com/exoplanets/e/exoplanets/the-james-webb-space-telescope/": {"t": "The James Webb Space Telescope", "s": "The largest space telescope, observing the infrared universe from beyond Earth's orbit."}, "https://codexery.com/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-soviet/e/space-launch-vehicles-of-the-soviet-union/proton-rocket-family/": {"t": "Proton (rocket family)", "s": "Soviet/Russian hypergolic heavy-lift launch vehicle family."}, "https://codexery.com/astrobiology-space-missions/e/astrobiology-space-missions/curiosity-rover/": {"t": "Curiosity (rover)", "s": "Mars rover exploring Gale crater and Mount Sharp since 2012."}, "https://codexery.com/satellite-navigation/e/satellite-navigation/radio-occultation/": {"t": "Radio occultation", "s": "Remote sensing of atmospheres via signal refraction."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}}