{"https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/minnesota/": {"t": "Minnesota", "s": "Land of 10,000 Lakes, 32nd state, Twin Cities hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/minnesota.webp", "c": "Myotus · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/activists-social-reformers/e/activists-and-social-reformers/russell-means/": {"t": "Russell Means", "s": "Oglala Lakota activist, actor, and leader in the American Indian Movement."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/e/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/sitting-bull/": {"t": "Sitting Bull", "s": "Hunkpapa Lakota leader who resisted U.S. policies and inspired a major victory.", "i": "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/img/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/sitting-bull.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Sitting Bull · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/george-armstrong-custer/": {"t": "George Armstrong Custer", "s": "The controversial cavalry commander of the Civil War and Indian Wars, known for his dramatic end at the Little Bighorn.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/george-armstrong-custer.webp", "c": "Photographer is Mathew Brady (died 1896) and his field staff · via Wikipedia: George Armstrong Custer · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/south-dakota/": {"t": "South Dakota", "s": "Landlocked Great Plains state named after the Dakota Sioux."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/rebellions-against-the-united-states/wounded-knee-occupation/": {"t": "Wounded Knee Occupation", "s": "1973 occupation by Oglala Lakota and AIM protesting corruption and treaty failures."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/marlon-brando/": {"t": "Marlon Brando", "s": "The actor who brought naturalism to film and defied convention."}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/stanford-university/": {"t": "Stanford University", "s": "One of the top education schools in the United States, offering graduate programs in over 25 specializations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/education-schools/img/education-and-schools/stanford-university.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Stanford University · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/new-york-state/": {"t": "New York (state)", "s": "The Empire State: A global node of creativity, entrepreneurship, and natural wonder."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/washington-d-c/": {"t": "Washington, D.C.", "s": "The federal capital city of the United States, anchored on the Potomac River."}, "https://codexery.com/festivals-and-celebrations/e/festivals-and-celebrations/earth-day/": {"t": "Earth Day", "s": "Annual April 22 event demonstrating support for environmental protection."}, "https://codexery.com/society-and-culture/e/society-and-culture/navajo/": {"t": "Navajo", "s": "Diné, largest federally recognized tribe in the U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/political-systems-and-elections/democratic-party-united-states/": {"t": "Democratic Party (United States)", "s": "World's oldest active political party, center to center-left."}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/us-cities/stockton-california/": {"t": "Stockton, California", "s": "Inland seaport and logistics hub founded during the California Gold Rush.", "i": "https://codexery.com/us-cities/img/us-cities/stockton-california.webp", "c": "Ken Lund · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/social-identity-prejudice/e/social-identity-and-prejudice/racial-segregation/": {"t": "Racial segregation", "s": "Separation of people by race or ethnicity, often enforced by law."}, "/e/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-americas/gloria-steinem/": {"t": "Gloria Steinem", "s": "Journalist and activist who led second-wave feminism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-ame/img/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-americas/gloria-steinem.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Gloria Steinem · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/pop-rock/e/pop-and-rock/harry-belafonte/": {"t": "Harry Belafonte", "s": "Singer, actor and activist who brought calypso to the world and cut the first million-selling solo LP.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pop-rock/img/pop-and-rock/harry-belafonte.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Harry Belafonte · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/modern-leading-men-women/e/modern-leading-men-and-women/susan-sarandon/": {"t": "Susan Sarandon", "s": "American actor nominated for Best Actress for her role in Thelma & Louise."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/arnold-schwarzenegger/": {"t": "Arnold Schwarzenegger", "s": "Austrian Oak turned Hollywood icon and California governor."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "/e/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-americas/eugene-v-debs/": {"t": "Eugene V. Debs", "s": "Socialist activist and five-time U.S. presidential candidate.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-ame/img/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-americas/eugene-v-debs.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Eugene V. Debs · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/e/great-collapses/the-haitian-revolution/": {"t": "The Haitian Revolution", "s": "A successful insurrection by enslaved Africans against French colonial rule, leading to the founding of Haiti.", "i": "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/img/great-collapses/the-haitian-revolution.webp", "c": "Miscellaneous Items in High Demand, PPOC, Library of Congress · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/the-gambia/": {"t": "The Gambia", "s": "Smallest continental African country, named for the Gambia River."}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/abrahamic-religions/ulama/": {"t": "Ulama", "s": "Guardians and interpreters of Islamic doctrine and law."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/haitian-vodou/": {"t": "Haitian Vodou", "s": "A syncretic Afro-Haitian religion centered on serving the lwa.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/img/religious-traditions/haitian-vodou.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Haitian Vodou · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/companies-and-conglomerates/e/companies-and-conglomerates/dell/": {"t": "Dell", "s": "American technology company known for direct-to-consumer PC sales."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/modern-metropolis/hong-kong/": {"t": "Hong Kong", "s": "Asia's world city, a global financial hub."}, "https://codexery.com/investigative-journalists-and-editors/e/investigative-journalists-and-editors/glenn-greenwald/": {"t": "Glenn Greenwald", "s": "American journalist who published Snowden surveillance disclosures.", "i": "https://codexery.com/investigative-journalists-and-editors/img/investigative-journalists-and-editors/glenn-greenwald.webp", "c": "DonkeyHotey · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-law/e/constitutional-law/national-security/": {"t": "National security", "s": "Security and defense of a sovereign state and its institutions."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/september-11-attacks/": {"t": "September 11 attacks", "s": "Coordinated al-Qaeda suicide hijackings killed nearly 3,000 people."}, "https://codexery.com/viral-infections/e/viral-infections/infectious-mononucleosis/": {"t": "Infectious mononucleosis", "s": "An infection usually caused by the Epstein–Barr virus."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/japanese-language/": {"t": "Japanese language", "s": "The principal language of the Japonic family, spoken by over 123 million people, primarily in Japan."}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-inventions/e/japanese-inventions/anime/": {"t": "Anime", "s": "Japanese animation medium with global cultural impact."}, "https://codexery.com/great-lakes-of-the-world/e/great-lakes-of-the-world/lake-geneva/": {"t": "Lake Geneva", "s": "Large Alpine lake shared by Switzerland and France.", "i": "https://codexery.com/great-lakes-of-the-world/img/great-lakes-of-the-world/lake-geneva.webp", "c": "Giles Laurent · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/romania/": {"t": "Romania", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, rich in history and natural beauty."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/tokyo/": {"t": "Tokyo", "s": "The capital of Japan, a global hub of economy, culture, and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/maryland/": {"t": "Maryland", "s": "A Mid-Atlantic state with diverse geography and high median income.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/maryland.webp", "c": "Michael Wheeler · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/hawaii/": {"t": "Hawaii", "s": "Island state with a tropical climate and diverse heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/bigcats/e/big-cats/black-panther/": {"t": "Black panther", "s": "Melanistic colour variant of the leopard and jaguar", "i": "https://codexery.com/bigcats/img/big-cats/black-panther.webp", "c": "Pr0pulsion 123 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-americas/huey-p-newton/": {"t": "Huey P. Newton", "s": "Co-founder of the Black Panther Party and revolutionary activist.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-ame/img/revolutionaries-and-activists-of-the-americas/huey-p-newton.webp", "c": "Jacket design not credited · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-reformers-and-mystics/e/christian-reformers-and-mystics/sun-myung-moon/": {"t": "Sun Myung Moon", "s": "Founder of the Unification Church and advocate for Korean reunification."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/los-angeles/": {"t": "Los Angeles", "s": "The City of Angels, a global hub of culture and commerce."}, "https://codexery.com/law-enforcement-legal-procedures/e/law-enforcement-and-legal-procedures/summary-offence/": {"t": "Summary offence", "s": "A minor violation tried without a jury in common law jurisdictions."}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-and-reference/e/part-1/the-communist-manifesto/": {"t": "The Communist Manifesto", "s": "Political pamphlet by Marx and Engels outlining class struggle and communism."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/san-francisco/": {"t": "San Francisco", "s": "The City by the Bay, a center of liberal activism and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/forms-of-government/president-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "President of the United States", "s": "Head of state and government of the United States."}, "https://codexery.com/comedians-and-satirists/e/comedians-and-satirists/dick-gregory/": {"t": "Dick Gregory", "s": "Comedian and activist who challenged racism and injustice."}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-law/e/constitutional-law/constitution-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Constitution of the United States", "s": "Supreme law of the United States, oldest written national constitution in force."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/bail/": {"t": "Bail", "s": "Bail secures release while ensuring court appearance."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/frantz-fanon/": {"t": "Frantz Fanon", "s": "Algerian psychiatrist and political philosopher who analyzed the psychopathology of colonization."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/capital-cities-of-africa/algiers/": {"t": "Algiers", "s": "Capital of Algeria, historic Mediterranean port and cultural hub."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-middle-eastern-monarchs-strongmen/e/asian-and-middle-eastern-monarchs-and-strongmen/kim-il-sung/": {"t": "Kim Il-sung", "s": "Founder and eternal leader of North Korea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/asian-middle-eastern-monarchs-strongmen/img/asian-and-middle-eastern-monarchs-and-strongmen/kim-il-sung.webp", "c": "David Clayton Ellsworth · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/world-capital-cities/e/world-capital-cities/pyongyang/": {"t": "Pyongyang", "s": "Capital and largest city of North Korea.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-capital-cities/img/world-capital-cities/pyongyang.webp", "c": "(stephan) · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/religious-practices-and-symbols/baptism/": {"t": "Baptism", "s": "Christian rite of initiation using water, with varied modes and meanings.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/img/religious-practices-and-symbols/baptism.webp", "c": "Confidence24 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church/": {"t": "Catholic Church", "s": "The largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members.", "i": "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/img/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Christianity by country · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/legal-systems-and-concepts/burglary/": {"t": "Burglary", "s": "Property crime of illegal entry with intent to commit a further offence."}, "https://codexery.com/addictive-substances-medications/e/addictive-substances-and-medications/cocaine/": {"t": "Cocaine", "s": "CNS stimulant derived from coca leaves, with limited medical use."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-forms-tropes/e/literary-forms-and-tropes/author/": {"t": "Author", "s": "Creator of original published works, holding exclusive copyright."}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/british-empire/": {"t": "British Empire", "s": "The largest empire in history, spanning a quarter of Earth's land."}, "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/e/civil-law-and-remedies/legal-remedy/": {"t": "Legal remedy", "s": "Court-ordered means to enforce rights and redress wrongs.", "i": "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/img/civil-law-and-remedies/legal-remedy.webp", "c": "Remedy Entertainment · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/american-and-caribbean-leaders/e/american-and-caribbean-leaders/r-b-bennett/": {"t": "R. B. Bennett", "s": "Canadian prime minister during the Great Depression.", "i": "https://codexery.com/american-and-caribbean-leaders/img/american-and-caribbean-leaders/r-b-bennett.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: R. B. Bennett · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/medications-and-pharmacology/e/medications-and-pharmacology/opium/": {"t": "Opium", "s": "Dried latex from opium poppy, used for millennia."}, "https://codexery.com/traditional-alternative-medicine/e/traditional-and-alternative-medicine/cannabis-drug/": {"t": "Cannabis (drug)", "s": "A psychoactive drug from the Cannabis plant, used for millennia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/traditional-alternative-medicine/img/traditional-and-alternative-medicine/cannabis-drug.webp", "c": "RoodyAlien · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/ethics-morality/e/ethics-and-morality/moral-panic/": {"t": "Moral panic", "s": "A sociological concept describing widespread fear of a perceived threat."}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/socio-political-concepts/pacifism/": {"t": "Pacifism", "s": "Opposition to war or violence, coined in 1901."}, "https://codexery.com/latin-american-presidents/e/latin-american-presidents/juan-per-n/": {"t": "Juan Perón", "s": "Three-time Argentine president and founder of Peronism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/latin-american-presidents/img/latin-american-presidents/juan-per-n.webp", "c": "Anonymous Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/asunci-n/": {"t": "Asunción", "s": "The Mother of Cities, capital of Paraguay."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-and-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/life-imprisonment/": {"t": "Life imprisonment", "s": "A sentence of imprisonment for the remainder of a convict's natural life."}, "https://codexery.com/cardiovascular-blood/e/cardiovascular-and-blood/cardiac-arrest/": {"t": "Cardiac arrest", "s": "Cardiac arrest is the sudden loss of heart function."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-triads/e/medical-triads/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/": {"t": "Abdominal aortic aneurysm", "s": "Pain, mass, shock: the deadly trio of aortic rupture."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-professions/e/legal-professions/paralegal/": {"t": "Paralegal", "s": "A legal professional performing substantive legal work under attorney supervision.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-professions/img/legal-professions/paralegal.webp", "c": "Courtesy photo · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/a24-films/e/people/academy-awards/": {"t": "Academy Awards", "s": "Annual awards for cinematic excellence since 1929."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/julia-roberts/": {"t": "Julia Roberts", "s": "America's sweetheart with a record five People magazine 'Most Beautiful Woman' titles."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/writers/albert-finney/": {"t": "Albert Finney", "s": "English actor known for stage and screen, with five Academy Award nominations."}, "https://codexery.com/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/e/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/corrosion/": {"t": "Corrosion", "s": "Natural process converting refined metals into stable oxides.", "i": "https://codexery.com/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/img/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/corrosion.webp", "c": "Engr Hafiza Maida · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/e/civil-law-and-remedies/plaintiff/": {"t": "Plaintiff", "s": "Party who initiates a lawsuit seeking legal remedy."}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health/e/mental-health/mass-psychogenic-illness/": {"t": "Mass psychogenic illness", "s": "Illness symptoms spread through a population without an infectious agent."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/gulf-of-mexico/": {"t": "Gulf of Mexico", "s": "Marginal sea of the Atlantic, bordered by the U.S., Mexico, and Cuba.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/img/seas-and-oceans/gulf-of-mexico.webp", "c": "NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. · via Wikipedia: Gulf of Mexico · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-new-york-times/": {"t": "The New York Times", "s": "The Gray Lady, a U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Supreme Court of the United States", "s": "Highest federal court with ultimate appellate and original jurisdiction.", "i": "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/img/international-law-and-diplomacy/supreme-court-of-the-united-states.webp", "c": "Original:  Optimager Vector:  Ipankonin · via Wikipedia: Supreme Court of the United States · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/indiana/": {"t": "Indiana", "s": "Midwestern state known as the Hoosier State, admitted in 1816.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/indiana.webp", "c": "Riker, Dorothy Lois, 1904; Indiana. Governor · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/european-statesmen-prime-ministers/e/part-1/grover-cleveland/": {"t": "Grover Cleveland", "s": "22nd and 24th U.S. president; first to serve nonconsecutive terms."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "The First World War, a global conflict from 1914 to 1918, was fought between the Allied and Central Powers."}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/french-regions/alsace/": {"t": "Alsace", "s": "A border region blending German and French cultures, historically contested."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/e/literary-giants/victor-hugo/": {"t": "Victor Hugo", "s": "French Romantic author, poet, and human rights activist."}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/political-systems-and-elections/federal-government-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "Federal government of the United States", "s": "National government of the United States, established by the Constitution."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/e/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/clarence-darrow/": {"t": "Clarence Darrow", "s": "American lawyer famed for labor and criminal defense cases.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/img/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/clarence-darrow.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Libertarianism in the United States · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/person-of-interest/e/world/lower-east-side/": {"t": "Lower East Side", "s": "Historic immigrant neighborhood in southeastern Manhattan, between the Bowery and the East River.", "i": "https://codexery.com/person-of-interest/img/world/lower-east-side.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lower East Side · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/violence-conflict/e/violence-and-conflict/sabotage/": {"t": "Sabotage", "s": "Deliberate action to weaken through disruption or destruction."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/howard-zinn/": {"t": "Howard Zinn", "s": "Historian who wrote A People's History of the United States."}, "https://codexery.com/jurists-and-legal-scholars/e/jurists-and-legal-scholars/oliver-wendell-holmes-jr/": {"t": "Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.", "s": "U.S. Supreme Court justice known for civil liberties opinions and legal realism."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/religious-practices-and-symbols/cremation/": {"t": "Cremation", "s": "A method of final disposition through burning, with ancient roots and modern practice.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/img/religious-practices-and-symbols/cremation.webp", "c": "TobyEditor · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/yiddish/": {"t": "Yiddish", "s": "A West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews, with roots in the Holy Roman Empire and a fusion of High German, Hebrew, Aramaic, and Slavic ele"}, "https://codexery.com/south-american-cities/e/south-american-cities/santiago-de-los-caballeros/": {"t": "Santiago de los Caballeros", "s": "La Ciudad Corazón"}, "https://codexery.com/latin-american-presidents/e/latin-american-presidents/joaqu-n-balaguer/": {"t": "Joaquín Balaguer", "s": "Dominican president who served three non-consecutive terms and was a key figure in the Trujillo era and its aftermath.", "i": "https://codexery.com/latin-american-presidents/img/latin-american-presidents/joaqu-n-balaguer.webp", "c": "Desconociso · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university/": {"t": "Harvard University", "s": "Oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/universities-and-colleges/harvard-university.webp", "c": "Daderot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/women-in-science/e/women-in-science/cecilia-payne-gaposchkin/": {"t": "Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin", "s": "Astronomer who revealed the universe's elemental composition."}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/relationships-and-human-sexuality/homosexuality/": {"t": "Homosexuality", "s": "A natural variation in human sexuality, documented across history and species."}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/relationships-and-human-sexuality/sexual-orientation/": {"t": "Sexual orientation", "s": "Enduring pattern of romantic or sexual attraction."}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/austria-hungary/": {"t": "Austria-Hungary", "s": "A dual monarchy that shaped Central Europe for half a century."}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/e/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/attack-on-pearl-harbor/": {"t": "Attack on Pearl Harbor", "s": "Surprise Japanese air raid on US Pacific Fleet, December 7, 1941.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/img/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/attack-on-pearl-harbor.webp", "c": "Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Katarzyna Kobiljak · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-philosophy/e/nonfiction-and-philosophy/diagnostic-and-statistical-manual-of-mental-disorders/": {"t": "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders", "s": "Standard classification of mental disorders by the American Psychiatric Association."}, "https://codexery.com/activists-social-reformers/e/activists-and-social-reformers/stokely-carmichael/": {"t": "Stokely Carmichael", "s": "Trinidadian-American activist who popularized Black Power."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/the-washington-post/": {"t": "The Washington Post", "s": "American daily newspaper and newspaper of record."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/hiv-aids/": {"t": "HIV/AIDS", "s": "Retrovirus causing AIDS, manageable but incurable."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/idaho/": {"t": "Idaho", "s": "The Gem State", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/idaho.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cardiovascular-blood/e/cardiovascular-and-blood/atherosclerosis/": {"t": "Atherosclerosis", "s": "Chronic arterial disease driven by cholesterol and inflammation."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/franklin-d-roosevelt/": {"t": "Franklin D. 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Administration · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/e/philosophers-and-theologians/martin-luther-king-jr/": {"t": "Martin Luther King Jr.", "s": "Civil rights leader who championed nonviolent resistance against racial discrimination."}, "https://codexery.com/activists-reformers/e/activists-and-reformers/rosa-parks/": {"t": "Rosa Parks", "s": "Her 1955 bus refusal sparked the Montgomery bus boycott."}, "https://codexery.com/communication-and-media/e/communication-and-media/television/": {"t": "Television", "s": "A telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound."}, "https://codexery.com/activists-reformers/e/activists-and-reformers/ralph-abernathy/": {"t": "Ralph Abernathy", "s": "Baptist minister, civil rights leader and Martin Luther King Jr.'s closest partner in the movement.", "i": "https://codexery.com/activists-reformers/img/activists-and-reformers/ralph-abernathy.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Ralph Abernathy · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/us-cities/tallahassee-florida/": {"t": "Tallahassee, Florida", "s": "Capital of Florida, college town, and historic center of government.", "i": "https://codexery.com/us-cities/img/us-cities/tallahassee-florida.webp", "c": "Bill · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/constitutional-and-rights-law/e/constitutional-and-rights-law/municipal-charter/": {"t": "Municipal charter", "s": "A legal document establishing a city or town as a municipality."}, "https://codexery.com/stage-and-screen-actresses/e/stage-and-screen-actresses/jane-fonda/": {"t": "Jane Fonda", "s": "American actress and activist with two Oscars and a landmark exercise video series."}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/us-cities/toledo-ohio/": {"t": "Toledo, Ohio", "s": "Major Midwest trade center and fifth-busiest Great Lakes port.", "i": "https://codexery.com/us-cities/img/us-cities/toledo-ohio.webp", "c": "O'Reilly, Tom · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/presbyterianism/": {"t": "Presbyterianism", "s": "A Reformed Protestant tradition rooted in Scotland, emphasizing the sovereignty of God and governance by elders."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/mahatma-gandhi/": {"t": "Mahatma Gandhi", "s": "Leader of India's nonviolent independence movement"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/esquire-magazine/": {"t": "Esquire (magazine)", "s": "The magazine for men."}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-and-reference/e/part-1/the-feminine-mystique/": {"t": "The Feminine Mystique", "s": "Book credited with sparking second-wave feminism in the United States."}, "https://codexery.com/publishers-and-media-moguls/e/publishers-and-media-moguls/hugh-hefner/": {"t": "Hugh Hefner", "s": "Founder of Playboy magazine and a bon vivant icon."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-and-development/e/reproduction-and-development/menstruation/": {"t": "Menstruation", "s": "Regular discharge of uterine lining triggered by hormonal changes."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/vietnam-war/": {"t": "Vietnam War", "s": "Cold War proxy war ending in communist victory across Indochina."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/rebellions-against-the-united-states/american-civil-war/": {"t": "American Civil War", "s": "Civil war between the Union and Confederacy over slavery and secession."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/rebellions-against-the-united-states/john-brown-s-raid-on-harpers-ferry/": {"t": "John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry", "s": "Abolitionist John Brown's 1859 raid on Harpers Ferry, a failed attempt to spark a slave revolt that helped ignite the American Civil War."}, "https://codexery.com/rodents-small-mammals/e/rodents-and-small-mammals/muskrat/": {"t": "Muskrat", "s": "A semiaquatic rodent that shapes wetlands and provides fur."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/measles/": {"t": "Measles", "s": "Measles is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable viral disease."}, "https://codexery.com/neurological-disorders/e/neurological-disorders/brain-damage/": {"t": "Brain damage", "s": "Brain damage is destruction of brain cells from trauma or internal causes."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/christian-sacred-texts/bible/": {"t": "Bible", "s": "Anthology of sacred texts for Judaism and Christianity."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/methodism/": {"t": "Methodism", "s": "A Protestant tradition emphasizing sanctification and methodical Christian living."}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/beliefs-and-practices/mysticism/": {"t": "Mysticism", "s": "Mysticism involves personal transformation through religious practices and experiences."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/quakers/": {"t": "Quakers", "s": "A historically Protestant Christian movement emphasizing direct experience of God and peace.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/img/religious-traditions/quakers.webp", "c": "Kenneth C. Zirkel · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/delaware/": {"t": "Delaware", "s": "First state to ratify the U.S. Constitution.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/delaware.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/relationships-and-human-sexuality/lgbtq-people/": {"t": "LGBTQ people", "s": "Individuals encompassing diverse sexual and gender minority identities."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/korean-war/": {"t": "Korean War", "s": "A frozen conflict that divided a peninsula."}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements-styles/e/art-movements-and-styles/avant-garde/": {"t": "Avant-garde", "s": "Experimental art challenging societal norms and artistic conventions."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/entrapment/": {"t": "Entrapment", "s": "Legal defense against state-induced crime, with varying national standards."}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/relationships-and-human-sexuality/oral-sex/": {"t": "Oral sex", "s": "Sexual activity involving mouth stimulation of genitals."}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/felony/": {"t": "Felony", "s": "A serious crime historically punishable by forfeiture or death."}, "https://codexery.com/brewing-processes/e/brewing-processes/coors-strike-and-boycott/": {"t": "Coors strike and boycott", "s": "A multi-group boycott and strike against Coors Brewing Company.", "i": "https://codexery.com/brewing-processes/img/brewing-processes/coors-strike-and-boycott.webp", "c": "Jamidwyer · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/time-magazine/": {"t": "Time (magazine)", "s": "A weekly news magazine that pioneered telling news through people."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/baptists/": {"t": "Baptists", "s": "Protestant tradition emphasizing believer's baptism and local church autonomy."}, "https://codexery.com/protestant-reformers-pastors/e/protestant-reformers-and-pastors/jim-jones/": {"t": "Jim Jones", "s": "American cult leader who led over 900 to their deaths.", "i": "https://codexery.com/protestant-reformers-pastors/img/protestant-reformers-and-pastors/jim-jones.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Jim Jones · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-philosophy-rhetoric/e/classical-philosophy-and-rhetoric/republic-plato/": {"t": "Republic (Plato)", "s": "Plato's Socratic dialogue on justice and the ideal city-state."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/legal-concepts-and-doctrines/embezzlement/": {"t": "Embezzlement", "s": "A financial crime involving deceitful secretion of entrusted assets."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/louisiana/": {"t": "Louisiana", "s": "U.S. state with French heritage, parishes, and Gulf Coast.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/louisiana.webp", "c": "Mark Holloway · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/e/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/plato/": {"t": "Plato", "s": "Foundational Western philosopher, student of Socrates, teacher of Aristotle.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/img/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/plato.webp", "c": "Marie-Lan Nguyen · via Wikipedia: Plato · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/biologists-naturalists/e/biologists-and-naturalists/robert-trivers/": {"t": "Robert Trivers", "s": "Evolutionary biologist who theorized reciprocal altruism and parental investment.", "i": "https://codexery.com/biologists-naturalists/img/biologists-and-naturalists/robert-trivers.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: List of biologists · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/karl-marx/": {"t": "Karl Marx", "s": "German philosopher and revolutionary socialist who developed Marxism."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/e/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/vladimir-lenin/": {"t": "Vladimir Lenin", "s": "First head of Soviet Russia and founder of Leninism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/img/leaders-of-revolution-and-independence/vladimir-lenin.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Vladimir Lenin · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/leaders-and-monarchs/mao-zedong/": {"t": "Mao Zedong", "s": "Founder of the People's Republic of China and CCP leader."}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/che-guevara/": {"t": "Che Guevara", "s": "Memorial in Santa Clara, Cuba, housing the remains of Che Guevara and 29 fellow combatants.", "i": "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/img/political-leaders-and-revolutionaries/che-guevara.webp", "c": "Alberto Korda, restored by Adam Cuerden · via Wikipedia: Che Guevara · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/religious-practices-and-symbols/church-building/": {"t": "Church (building)", "s": "A building used for Christian worship and religious activities.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/img/religious-practices-and-symbols/church-building.webp", "c": "Krzysztof Golik · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/asian-middle-eastern-monarchs-strongmen/e/asian-and-middle-eastern-monarchs-and-strongmen/jiang-qing/": {"t": "Jiang Qing", "s": "Revolutionary, actress, and fourth wife of Mao Zedong."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/southern-united-states/": {"t": "Southern United States", "s": "The Southern United States: a diverse region defined by history, culture, and climate, from the Atlantic to the Gulf."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/legal-concepts-and-doctrines/emancipation-proclamation/": {"t": "Emancipation Proclamation", "s": "Presidential order freeing slaves in Confederate states during the Civil War."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/e/cities-and-urban-areas/nashville-tennessee/": {"t": "Nashville, Tennessee", "s": "Capital of Tennessee, major music and healthcare hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/img/cities-and-urban-areas/nashville-tennessee.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Nashville, Tennessee · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/frederick-douglass/": {"t": "Frederick Douglass", "s": "Escaped slavery; became leading abolitionist orator and writer."}, "https://codexery.com/battle-rifles-and-carbines/e/battle-rifles-and-carbines/winchester-rifle/": {"t": "Winchester rifle", "s": "Lever action repeating rifles among the earliest repeaters."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/scotland/": {"t": "Scotland", "s": "A country of ancient kingdoms, rugged highlands, and deep lochs."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/wales/": {"t": "Wales", "s": "A country of mountains, coast, and ancient culture, part of the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/christian-church-bodies/archbishop-of-canterbury/": {"t": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "s": "Senior bishop and primate of the Church of England, spiritual leader of the Anglican Communion."}}