Rays Codexery

Red stingray

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Red stingray

Ishikawa Ken from Kamakura, Japan · via Wikipedia: Red stingray · CC BY-SA 2.0

The red stingray is a marine and brackish water ray in the family Dasyatidae.[1][2] The red stingray attains a maximum length of 2 m and a disc width of 0.66 m, but typical specimens measure less than 1 m in length.[3] A weight of 10.7 kg is the highest ever recorded for this species.[3]

Scientific classification

  1. KingdomAnimalia
  2. PhylumChordata
  3. ClassChondrichthyes
  4. SubclassElasmobranchii
  5. OrderMyliobatiformes
  6. FamilyDasyatidae
  7. GenusHemitrygon
  8. SpeciesHemitrygon akajei

Named by (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841)

Close relatives

Other species of Hemitrygon with a Codexery entry.

Sources: Wikipedia taxobox: Red stingray (CC BY-SA 4.0) · order, family and genus agree with WoRMS AphiaID 1042845 (CC BY 4.0)

Conservation status

Near Threatened (NT)

  1. LC
  2. NT▲ this species
  3. VU
  4. EN
  5. CR
  6. EW
  7. EX
Population trend
Not held in our sources — see the assessment
Assessment published
2021

Source: IUCN Red List assessment · GBIF copy of the Red List category

How big is it?

Size comparison: Red stingray and a personA 2 m long red stingray drawn to scale next to a 1.8 m tall person. Schematic shapes, not a likeness.2 m1.8 m

Largest length in the source, 2 m, next to a 1.8 m person.

Diagram: drawn by Codexery, schematic shapes to scale (not a likeness). Length: Wikipedia: Red stingray

Where the red stingray has been recorded

Where the red stingray has been recorded52 mapped locations from 455 GBIF occurrence records; marked places: Pacific OceanPacific Ocean

Each dot is a place where the species has been observed and reported (455 records, half-degree grid) — not a modelled range. 52 inland records left out (institution coordinates). 3 isolated far-off records not drawn.

Map: drawn by Codexery. Data: GBIF occurrence search (records CC0 / CC BY) · Natural Earth basemap (public domain) · place coordinates: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Biology and range

The red stingray may be endemic to the northwestern Pacific Ocean, found from Hokkaidō to Okinawa and off Korea, China, and Taiwan.[4] It commonly inhabits sandy areas near shore and bays at depths of 10 m or more.[5] It also occurs on muddy flats, coral reefs, and estuaries.[5] The accuracy of those records in identifying this species remains unconfirmed.[5]

Its pectoral fin disc has a diamond shape, is broader than it is long, and features front margins that are almost straight.[3] A long, serrated spine emerges from the tail within its first third.[6]

What the specialist sources record

The 1993 study "Dental sexual dimorphism and food habits in the stingray Dasyatis akajei from Tokyo Bay, Japan" reports that crustaceans are the most important diet component, followed by small bony fishes and annelid worms.[7] That same study states that in Tokyo Bay, important crustacean prey includes Crangon affinis for males and Oratosquilla ijimai for females.[7] Marinus Boeseman designated a lectotype for this species in 1947.[8]

References

  1. World Register of Marine Species, Hemitrygon akajei (AphiaID 1042845). CC BY 4.0. marinespecies.org
  2. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy and occurrence index, Hemitrygon akajei (taxon key 9541869). CC BY 4.0 (backbone); counts are facts. gbif.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Red stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Rigby, C.L., "Hemitrygon akajei", 2021; (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Red stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Rigby, C.L., "Hemitrygon akajei", 2021; Nishida, K. and K. Nakaya (1990). "Taxonomy of the genus Dasyatis (Elasmobranchii, Dasyatididae) from the North Pacific." in Pratt, H.L., S.H. Gruber and T. Tan; "Dental sexual dimorphism and food habits in the stingray Dasyatis akajei from Tokyo Bay, Japan", Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, January 1993, p. 53–60 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Red stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Rigby, C.L., "Hemitrygon akajei", 2021; ; ; "Dental sexual dimorphism and food habits in the stingray Dasyatis akajei from Tokyo Bay, Japan", Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, January 1993, p. 53–60; Michael, S.W., "Reef Sharks & Rays of the World", Sea Challengers, 1993, p. 83 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  6. Wikipedia, "Red stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Nishida, K. and K. Nakaya (1990). "Taxonomy of the genus Dasyatis (Elasmobranchii, Dasyatididae) from the North Pacific." in Pratt, H.L., S.H. Gruber and T. Tan; Fowler, H.W., "A Review of the Elasmobranchiate Fishes of Japan", Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 1903, p. 593–674; "Dasyatis zaosensis, a new whiptailed stingray (family Dasyatidae), from the Mekong River of Laos and Thailand", Environmental Biology of Fishes, 1987, p. 161–167 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Red stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Dental sexual dimorphism and food habits in the stingray Dasyatis akajei from Tokyo Bay, Japan", Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, January 1993, p. 53–60; ; "Dental sexual dimorphism and food habits in the stingray Dasyatis akajei from Tokyo Bay, Japan", Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, January 1993, p. 53–60; Rigby, C.L., "Hemitrygon akajei", 2021; Michael, S.W., "Reef Sharks & Rays of the World", Sea Challengers, 1993, p. 83; "Dental sexual dimorphism and food habits in the st en.wikipedia.org
  8. Wikipedia, "Red stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Catalog of Fishes (Online Version). California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved on December 4, 2009.; (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Red stingray (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

Related entries

Same family (Dasyatidae)

Atlantic stingray Hypanus sabinus, Blue stingray Dasyatis chrysonota, Bluespotted ribbontail ray Taeniura lymma, Bluntnose stingray Hypanus say

More in Rays

Yantai stingrayBlackedge whiprayHimantura favaHimantura fluviatilisHoneycomb whiprayLeopard whiprayReticulate whiprayBlack-spotted whiprayBrown whiprayRound whiprayKuhl's maskrayNingaloo maskray

Test yourself

Three questions drawn from this entry’s sources. Pick an answer to check it.

1. What is the IUCN Red List category of the red stingray?

Correct.

Not quite. The answer is Near Threatened.

2. To which biological family does the red stingray belong?

Correct.

Not quite. The answer is Dasyatidae.

3. To which genus does the red stingray belong?

Correct.

Not quite. The answer is Hemitrygon.

Answers checked against the source article

Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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