Rays Codexery

Common stingray

Last updated

Common stingray

Florin DUMITRESCU · via Wikipedia: Common stingray · Public domain

The species was first formally described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758 as Raja pastinaca.[1] While maximum recorded dimensions are a disc width of 1.4 m and total length of 2.5 m, individuals more commonly have a disc width around 45 cm.[2]

Scientific classification

  1. KingdomAnimalia
  2. PhylumChordata
  3. ClassChondrichthyes
  4. SubclassElasmobranchii
  5. OrderMyliobatiformes
  6. FamilyDasyatidae
  7. GenusDasyatis
  8. SpeciesDasyatis pastinaca

Named by (Linnaeus, 1758)

Close relatives

Other species of Dasyatis with a Codexery entry.

Sources: Wikipedia taxobox: Common stingray (CC BY-SA 4.0) · order, family and genus agree with WoRMS AphiaID 105851 (CC BY 4.0)

Conservation status

Vulnerable (VU)

  1. LC
  2. NT
  3. VU▲ this species
  4. EN
  5. CR
  6. EW
  7. EX
Population trend
Not held in our sources — see the assessment
Assessment published
2021

Source: IUCN Red List assessment · GBIF copy of the Red List category

How big is it?

Size comparison: Common stingray and a personA 0.45 m long common stingray drawn to scale next to a 1.8 m tall person. Schematic shapes, not a likeness.0.45 m1.8 m

Largest length in the source, 0.45 m, next to a 1.8 m person.

Diagram: drawn by Codexery, schematic shapes to scale (not a likeness). Length: Wikipedia: Common stingray

Where the common stingray has been recorded

Where the common stingray has been recorded166 mapped locations from 2,779 GBIF occurrence records

Each dot is a place where the species has been observed and reported (2,779 records, half-degree grid) — not a modelled range. 98 inland records left out (institution coordinates). 5 isolated far-off records not drawn.

Map: drawn by Codexery. Data: GBIF occurrence search (records CC0 / CC BY) · Natural Earth basemap (public domain)

Biology and range

Research conducted in the Gulf of İskenderun, Turkey, revealed that crustaceans constituted approximately 99% of the ray's diet.[3] After a four-month gestation period, females produce two litters annually, each containing 4 to 9 pups.[4] At birth, the young have a disc width of about 8 cm and a total length of 20 cm.[4] Sexual maturity is attained at a disc width of 22–32 cm for males and 24–38 cm for females.[5]

The maximum recorded age for a wild individual is 10 years, whereas in captivity the species has survived for up to 21 years.[5]

What the specialist sources record

The Guide of Mediterranean Skates and Rays describes the common stingray as a coastal benthic species over sandy and muddy bottoms from shallow waters to 200 m depth.[6] That same guide notes that unlike Dasyatis tortonesei, D. pastinaca has smooth tooth crowns.[6] A 2016 news report from Hürriyet states that the largest recorded specimen was found in the İzmir Province of Turkey, with a fin width of 2.21 m.[7][8] The Elasmodiver account states that common stingrays are the most abundant species in attendance at certain sites.[9]

The IUCN has classified this species as Vulnerable.[10]

References

  1. Wikipedia, "Common stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Eschmeyer, W.N., ed. pastinaca, Raja . Catalog of Fishes electronic version (February 19, 2010). Retrieved on February 27, 2010. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
  2. Wikipedia, "Common stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Serena, F., "Field Identification Guide to the Sharks and Rays of the Mediterranean and Black Sea", Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2005, p. 68 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  3. Wikipedia, "Common stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Lythgoe, J., "Fishes of the Sea: The North Atlantic and Mediterranean", MIT Press, 1991; Garcia, S.A.M. (2008). "Identification of Skates, Rays and Mantas Off the coast of São Miguel Island, Azores: preliminary study of potential tourist development; Jabado, R.W., "Dasyatis pastinaca", 2021; Lythgoe, J., "Fishes of the Sea: The North Atlantic and Mediterranean", MIT Press, 1991; Ismen, A., "Age, growth, reproduction and food of common stingray (Dasyatis pastinaca L., 1758) in Iskenderun Bay, the eastern Mediterranean", Fisheries Researc en.wikipedia.org
  4. Wikipedia, "Common stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: SharTrust (2009). ID Guide: Common Stingray . An Illustrated Compendium of Sharks, Skates, Rays and Chimaera. Chapter 1: The British Isles. Part 1: Skates and R; Serena, F., "Field Identification Guide to the Sharks and Rays of the Mediterranean and Black Sea", Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2005, p. 68; Jabado, R.W., "Dasyatis pastinaca", 2021; Ismen, A., "Age, growth, reproduction and food of common stingray (Dasyatis pastinaca L., 1758) in Iskenderun Bay, the eastern Mediterranean", Fisheries Research, Janua en.wikipedia.org
  5. Wikipedia, "Common stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Jabado, R.W., "Dasyatis pastinaca", 2021; Ismen, A., "Age, growth, reproduction and food of common stingray (Dasyatis pastinaca L., 1758) in Iskenderun Bay, the eastern Mediterranean", Fisheries Research, January 30, 2003, p. 169–176; SharTrust (2009). ID Guide: Common Stingray . An Illustrated Compendium of Sharks, Skates, Rays and Chimaera. Chapter 1: The British Isles. Part 1: Skates and R; Chisholm, L.A., "A redescription of Heterocotyle pastinacae Scott, 1904 (Monogenea: Monocotylidae) from Dasyatis pastinaca (Dasyatididae), with a en.wikipedia.org
  6. Guide of Mediterranean Skates and Rays (Dasyatis pastinaca). Oct. 2022. Mendez L., Bacquet A. and F. Briand.http://www.ciesm.org/Guide/skatesandrays/Dasyatis-pa. facts only, no text reused. ciesm.org
  7. Wikipedia, "Common stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: "Dünyanın en büyüğü tesadüfen Çeşme'de bulundu", Hürriyet (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
  8. "Dünyanın en büyüğü tesadüfen Çeşme'de bulundu", Hürriyet. facts only, no text reused. hurriyet.com.tr
  9. Murch, A. Common stingray Dasyatis pastinaca information and pictures. Elasmodiver.com. Retrieved on February 28, 2009.. facts only, no text reused. elasmodiver.com
  10. Wikipedia, "Common stingray" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Jabado, R.W., "Dasyatis pastinaca", 2021 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org

Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Common stingray (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.

Related entries

Same family (Dasyatidae)

Pteroplatytrygon Pteroplatytrygon violacea, Atlantic stingray Hypanus sabinus, Bennett's stingray Hemitrygon bennetti, Black-spotted whipray Maculabatis astra, Blackedge whipray Himantura marginata, Blackish stingray Hemitrygon navarrae

More in Rays

Giant stumptail stingrayGroovebelly stingrayDasyatis marmorataPitted stingrayShort-tail stingraySouthern stingrayThorntail stingrayMarbled whiprayRoughback whiprayWhite-edge freshwater whiprayColares stingrayDaisy stingray

Test yourself

Three questions drawn from this entry’s sources. Pick an answer to check it.

1. In what year was the common stingray first scientifically described?

Correct.

Not quite. The answer is 1758.

2. What is the scientific name of the common stingray?

Correct.

Not quite. The answer is Dasyatis pastinaca.

3. What is the IUCN Red List category of the common stingray?

Correct.

Not quite. The answer is Vulnerable.

Answers checked against the source article

Sources

Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.

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