[{"n": "Areni (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/areni-grape/", "s": "Armenia's ancient autochthonous red grape with a 6,000-year history."}, {"n": "Barbera", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/barbera/", "s": "A high-acid Italian red grape with deep color and versatile styles."}, {"n": "Blaufränkisch", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/blaufr-nkisch/", "s": "A late-ripening red grape rich in tannin and spice."}, {"n": "Cabernet Franc", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/cabernet-franc/", "s": "A versatile black grape, parent to Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot."}, {"n": "Cabernet Sauvignon", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/cabernet-sauvignon/", "s": "A widely grown red variety known for thick skins and aging potential."}, {"n": "Carignan", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/carignan/", "s": "A high-yielding Spanish grape reborn in southern France and Catalonia."}, {"n": "Carménère", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/carm-n-re/", "s": "A Bordeaux original now emblematic of Chilean wine."}, {"n": "Douce noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/douce-noir/", "s": "A Savoyard grape now widely planted in Argentina and California."}, {"n": "Grenache", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/grenache/", "s": "A late-ripening red grape known for high alcohol and red fruit flavors."}, {"n": "Malbec", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/malbec/", "s": "A thick-skinned grape known for inky color and plum flavors."}, {"n": "Merlot", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/merlot/", "s": "A versatile Bordeaux grape known for its softness and early ripening."}, {"n": "Mondeuse noire", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/mondeuse-noire/", "s": "A red French grape with ancient roots and modern revival."}, {"n": "Montepulciano (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/montepulciano-grape/", "s": "A late-ripening Italian red grape, deeply colored and widely planted."}, {"n": "Nebbiolo", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/nebbiolo/", "s": "Nebbiolo produces lightly-colored, highly tannic wines with scents of tar and roses."}, {"n": "Pineau d'Aunis", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pineau-d-aunis/", "s": "A historic Loire grape used for red, rosé, and white wines."}, {"n": "Pinot noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pinot-noir/", "s": "A difficult yet revered red grape from Burgundy."}, {"n": "Pinotage", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pinotage/", "s": "South Africa's signature red grape, a cross of Pinot noir and Cinsaut."}, {"n": "Sangiovese", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/sangiovese/", "s": "A versatile Italian grape known for high acidity and medium-plus tannins."}, {"n": "Syrah", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/syrah/", "s": "A dark-skinned grape with ancient roots and global reach."}, {"n": "Tempranillo", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/tempranillo/", "s": "Spain's noble grape, early ripening and widely blended."}, {"n": "Trollinger", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/trollinger/", "s": "A light-bodied red grape from Germany and Italy with strawberry notes."}, {"n": "Vranac", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/vranac/", "s": "Montenegrin autochthonous red grape, parented by Kratošija and Duljenga."}, {"n": "Zinfandel", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/zinfandel/", "s": "A black-skinned grape with disputed origins and a robust red wine profile."}, {"n": "Pinot Meunier", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pinot-meunier/", "s": "A key Champagne grape, known for its flour-like leaf down."}, {"n": "Agiorgitiko", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/agiorgitiko/", "s": "A versatile Greek red grape, widely planted and indigenous to the Peloponnese."}, {"n": "Mtevandidi", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/mtevandidi/", "s": "Indigenous Georgian red grape from Guria, used for table wine."}, {"n": "Mission (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/mission-grape/", "s": "A historic New World wine grape from Spanish mission cuttings."}, {"n": "Dolcetto", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/dolcetto/", "s": "A dry, tannic Piedmontese red meant for early drinking."}, {"n": "Alicante Bouschet", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/alicante-bouschet/", "s": "A teinturier grape with deep color and historical blending use."}, {"n": "Durif", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/durif/", "s": "A tannic red grape known as Petite Sirah in the U.S."}, {"n": "Dornfelder", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/dornfelder/", "s": "A German red grape bred for color and international style."}, {"n": "Aramon (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/aramon-grape/", "s": "A high-yielding workhorse grape once dominant in southern France."}, {"n": "Abouriou", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/abouriou/", "s": "A near-extinct grape saved by a farmer's discovery of abandoned vines."}, {"n": "Lambrusco", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/lambrusco/", "s": "An Italian red grape and wine with ancient roots and modern revival."}, {"n": "Calitor", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/calitor/", "s": "A nearly extinct French blending grape with twisted stalks."}, {"n": "Aglianico", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/aglianico/", "s": "A full-bodied southern Italian red with firm tannins and high acidity."}, {"n": "Abbuoto", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/abbuoto/", "s": "A Lazio red grape once linked to ancient Caecuban wine."}, {"n": "Gamay", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/gamay/", "s": "A vigorous, ancient grape known for light, fruity reds."}, {"n": "Nielluccio", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/nielluccio/", "s": "Corsica's principal red grape, disputed as Sangiovese's clone."}, {"n": "Băbească neagră", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/b-beasc-neagr/", "s": "An old Romanian-Moldovan red grape with notable clonal diversity."}, {"n": "Canaiolo", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/canaiolo/", "s": "A historic Tuscan blending grape, once dominant in Chianti."}, {"n": "Freisa", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/freisa/", "s": "A vigorous Piedmontese grape with a parent-offspring link to Nebbiolo."}, {"n": "Persan (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/persan-grape/", "s": "A rare Savoie red with disputed origins and a Swiss revival."}, {"n": "Barbaroux", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/barbaroux/", "s": "A pink-skinned French variety with disputed origins and declining plantings."}, {"n": "Poulsard", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/poulsard/", "s": "A pale-skinned Jura noir grape used for rosé and blanc de noir."}, {"n": "Tannat", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/tannat/", "s": "A tannic red grape from France, now Uruguay's national variety."}, {"n": "Tajka", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/tajka/", "s": "Albanian table grape with red and white forms."}, {"n": "Abrusco", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/abrusco/", "s": "A rare Tuscan grape once used to add color to wines."}, {"n": "Grand Noir de la Calmette", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/grand-noir-de-la-calmette/", "s": "A teinturier grape used to deepen wine color."}, {"n": "Pallagrello nero", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pallagrello-nero/", "s": "A rediscovered Campanian red with peppery spice and cherry flavors."}, {"n": "Ives noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/ives-noir/", "s": "A hybrid grape sensitive to air pollution, used for wine and juice."}, {"n": "Refosco", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/refosco/", "s": "Ancient dark-skinned grape family from northeastern Italy and Slovenia."}, {"n": "Papazkarası", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/papazkaras/", "s": "An indigenous Thracian red grape with ancient roots and modern versatility."}, {"n": "Negroamaro", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/negroamaro/", "s": "A rustic southern Italian red grape with deep color and earthy bitterness."}, {"n": "Marselan", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/marselan/", "s": "A French cross of Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache."}, {"n": "Bouchalès", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/bouchal-s/", "s": "A declining Bordeaux grape with ancient ungrafted vines surviving phylloxera."}, {"n": "Terret noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/terret-noir/", "s": "A Rhône mutation producing light, perfumed, tart red wines."}, {"n": "Cinsaut", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/cinsaut/", "s": "Heat-tolerant red grape used in blends across Mediterranean and New World."}, {"n": "Petit Verdot", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/petit-verdot/", "s": "Late-ripening Bordeaux variety valued for structure and color."}, {"n": "Avanà", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/avan/", "s": "A rare Piedmontese blending grape with historical ties to Savoy."}, {"n": "Gros Verdot", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/gros-verdot/", "s": "A nearly extinct Bordeaux grape banned since 1946."}, {"n": "Bombino nero", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/bombino-nero/", "s": "A southern Italian red grape used for blending and rosé wines."}, {"n": "Rossola nera", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/rossola-nera/", "s": "A Lombardy red grape with a debated Nebbiolo parentage."}, {"n": "Petit Rouge", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/petit-rouge/", "s": "A late-ripening red grape adding color and floral notes to Valle d'Aosta blends."}, {"n": "Cascade (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/cascade-grape/", "s": "A Seibel hybrid known for heavy yields and early ripening."}, {"n": "Petit Bouschet", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/petit-bouschet/", "s": "A teinturier grape bred for color in post-phylloxera France."}, {"n": "Barbera del Sannio", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/barbera-del-sannio/", "s": "A Campanian red grape unrelated to Piedmont's Barbera."}, {"n": "Dureza", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/dureza/", "s": "Father vine of Syrah, nearly extinct but revived."}, {"n": "Blauer Portugieser", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/blauer-portugieser/", "s": "A versatile Central European red grape for everyday wines."}, {"n": "Black Muscat", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/black-muscat/", "s": "A red Muscat grape with a wide range of synonyms."}, {"n": "Trousseau (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/trousseau-grape/", "s": "An old French variety key to port and Jura wines."}, {"n": "Cesanese Comune", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/cesanese-comune/", "s": "Ancient Lazio grape with three dedicated DOC regions."}, {"n": "Girò", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/gir/", "s": "A Sardinian red grape used mainly for fortified wines."}, {"n": "Mornen noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/mornen-noir/", "s": "A rare French red grape with a debated link to Chasselas."}, {"n": "Oeillade noire", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/oeillade-noire/", "s": "A nearly extinct red grape of southern France."}, {"n": "Ruby Cabernet", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/ruby-cabernet/", "s": "A heat-tolerant cross for bulk wine production."}, {"n": "Grolleau (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/grolleau-grape/", "s": "A Loire Valley red grape known for rosé and high acidity."}, {"n": "Çalkarası", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/alkaras/", "s": "An indigenous Turkish red grape with fresh, aromatic versatility."}, {"n": "Fer", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/fer/", "s": "A French red grape named for its iron-hard vine wood."}, {"n": "Öküzgözü", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/k-zg-z/", "s": "A large-berried Turkish red grape from Eastern Anatolia."}, {"n": "Concord grape", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/concord-grape/", "s": "A slip-skin hybrid grape used for juice, jelly, and wine."}, {"n": "Enfariné noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/enfarin-noir/", "s": "A nearly extinct red grape from the Jura region of France."}, {"n": "Camaraou noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/camaraou-noir/", "s": "A French grape now mainly grown in Galicia, Spain."}, {"n": "Isabella (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/isabella-grape/", "s": "A slip-skin hybrid grape with tropical adaptability."}, {"n": "Sagrantino", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/sagrantino/", "s": "An Italian grape with the world's highest tannin levels."}, {"n": "Tibouren", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/tibouren/", "s": "Aromatic red grape used in Provençal rosés and red blends."}, {"n": "Pinot Noir Précoce", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pinot-noir-pr-coce/", "s": "An early-ripening mutation of Pinot Noir, popular in cool climates."}, {"n": "Béquignol noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/b-quignol-noir/", "s": "A red grape used for color in Argentine blends."}, {"n": "Saperavi", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/saperavi/", "s": "A teinturier grape from Georgia, known for deep color and cold hardiness."}, {"n": "Shesh (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/shesh-grape/", "s": "Indigenous Albanian grape dominating central vineyards."}, {"n": "Aleatico", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/aleatico/", "s": "A red Muscat relative used for dessert wines."}, {"n": "Magliocco Dolce", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/magliocco-dolce/", "s": "A late-ripening Calabrian grape prone to mutation and confusion."}, {"n": "Boğazkere", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/bo-azkere/", "s": "A tannic Turkish red grape from the Tigris basin."}, {"n": "Gueuche noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/gueuche-noir/", "s": "A nearly extinct red grape from eastern France."}, {"n": "Forcallat tinta", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/forcallat-tinta/", "s": "A near-extinct Spanish blending grape with a forked cluster."}, {"n": "Piquepoul", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/piquepoul/", "s": "A versatile French grape with white, black, and grey variants."}, {"n": "Debinë", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/debin/", "s": "Two indigenous Albanian varieties, white and black, from the southeast."}, {"n": "Avarengo", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/avarengo/", "s": "A low-yielding Piedmontese red grape used in Pinerolese DOC blends."}, {"n": "Canari noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/canari-noir/", "s": "A nearly extinct French grape with Italian and Spanish doppelgangers."}, {"n": "Léon Millot", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/l-on-millot/", "s": "A cold-hardy hybrid grape with early ripening and disease resistance."}, {"n": "Manto negro", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/manto-negro/", "s": "A Majorcan red grape, often blended for structure."}, {"n": "Landal noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/landal-noir/", "s": "A French hybrid grape with limited plantings in Europe and North America."}, {"n": "Žametovka", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/ametovka/", "s": "A Slovenian red variety with the world's oldest fruit-bearing vine."}, {"n": "Perricone", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/perricone/", "s": "Sicilian red grape with berry flavors and medium alcohol."}, {"n": "Vlosh", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/vlosh/", "s": "An ancient Albanian red grape from the Narta Lagoon region."}, {"n": "Uva Rara", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/uva-rara/", "s": "A widely planted blending grape from northern Italy."}, {"n": "Grignolino", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/grignolino/", "s": "A light red with strong tannins from many pips."}, {"n": "Mauzac noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/mauzac-noir/", "s": "A nearly extinct red grape revived in Gaillac."}, {"n": "Marechal Foch (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/marechal-foch-grape/", "s": "A cold-hardy hybrid teinturier with pigmented juice and small berries."}, {"n": "Bouteillan noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/bouteillan-noir/", "s": "A near-extinct Provençal red grape with ancient roots."}, {"n": "Triomphe d'Alsace", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/triomphe-d-alsace/", "s": "A Franco-German hybrid grape grown in cool climates."}, {"n": "Negrara", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/negrara/", "s": "A declining red grape of northeast Italy's DOC wines."}, {"n": "Colombana nera", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/colombana-nera/", "s": "A Tuscan-Emilian blending grape linked to the Abbey of San Colombano."}, {"n": "Pascale di Cagliari", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pascale-di-cagliari/", "s": "A Sardinian red grape used in several DOC blends."}, {"n": "Barbarossa (grape)", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/barbarossa-grape/", "s": "Several Italian red grape varieties share the name Barbarossa."}, {"n": "Braquet", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/braquet/", "s": "A light, perfumed red grape of Provence's Bellet AOC."}, {"n": "Brun Fourca", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/brun-fourca/", "s": "A nearly extinct French variety confined to Palette AOC."}, {"n": "Vermentino nero", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/vermentino-nero/", "s": "A nearly extinct Tuscan red grape revived by a single producer."}, {"n": "Kadarka", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/kadarka/", "s": "A dark-skinned red grape once key to Hungary's Bull's Blood."}, {"n": "Uvalino", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/uvalino/", "s": "A revived Piedmontese grape noted for high resveratrol content."}, {"n": "Gouget noir", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/gouget-noir/", "s": "A nearly extinct French grape once dominant in central France."}, {"n": "Zweigelt", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/zweigelt/", "s": "Austrian hybrid red grape from St. Laurent and Blaufränkisch."}, {"n": "Barsaglina", "u": "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/barsaglina/", "s": "A Tuscan red grape revived from near extinction."}]