{"https://codexery.com/fruits-and-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/grape/": {"t": "Grape", "s": "A berry fruit cultivated for food, wine, and cultural significance."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/georgia-country/": {"t": "Georgia (country)", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, with ancient winemaking traditions and a pro-Western trajectory."}, "https://codexery.com/armenian-cuisine/e/armenian-cuisine/khorovats/": {"t": "Khorovats", "s": "Armenian grilled meat for festive occasions."}, "https://codexery.com/azerbaijani-cuisine/e/azerbaijani-cuisine/dolma/": {"t": "Dolma", "s": "Stuffed vegetable and leaf dish from Ottoman cuisine."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pinot-noir/": {"t": "Pinot noir", "s": "A difficult yet revered red grape from Burgundy."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/sangiovese/": {"t": "Sangiovese", "s": "A versatile Italian grape known for high acidity and medium-plus tannins."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/montepulciano-grape/": {"t": "Montepulciano (grape)", "s": "A late-ripening Italian red grape, deeply colored and widely planted."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/nebbiolo/": {"t": "Nebbiolo", "s": "Nebbiolo produces lightly-colored, highly tannic wines with scents of tar and roses."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/italian-wine/": {"t": "Italian wine", "s": "Italy leads the world in wine production and indigenous grape diversity."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/barbera-d-asti/": {"t": "Barbera d'Asti", "s": "A Piedmontese DOCG red from the Barbera grape."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/nizza-docg/": {"t": "Nizza DOCG", "s": "A Barbera DOCG from the calcareous hills of the Tertiary Piedmont Basin."}, "https://codexery.com/herbs-and-spices/e/herbs-and-spices/vanilla/": {"t": "Vanilla", "s": "A spice derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla, primarily from the seed pods of V. planifolia."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/piedmont/": {"t": "Piedmont", "s": "Northwest Italian region, historic heart of Italian unification."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/methanol/": {"t": "Methanol", "s": "Simplest alcohol, key industrial chemical, and space marker."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/dolcetto/": {"t": "Dolcetto", "s": "A dry, tannic Piedmontese red meant for early drinking."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/emilia-romagna/": {"t": "Emilia-Romagna", "s": "Wealthy Italian region known for food, motors, and ancient university."}, "https://codexery.com/food-cooking/e/food-and-cooking/spice/": {"t": "Spice", "s": "Plant substances used for flavouring, colouring, and historic trade."}, "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/e/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrogen-sulfide/": {"t": "Hydrogen sulfide", "s": "Colorless, toxic gas with a rotten-egg odor.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inorganic-compounds-materials/img/inorganic-compounds-and-materials/hydrogen-sulfide.webp", "c": "Jynto ( talk ) · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/polysaccharide/": {"t": "Polysaccharide", "s": "Polysaccharides are abundant carbohydrates serving storage and structural roles."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/maceration-wine/": {"t": "Maceration (wine)", "s": "Maceration leaches color, tannins and flavor from grape skins into must."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/german-language/": {"t": "German language", "s": "German, known natively as Deutsch (pronounced [dɔɪ̯tʃ]), belongs to the West Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family and is spoken primarily across"}, "https://codexery.com/austrian-cuisine/e/austrian-cuisine/austrian-wine/": {"t": "Austrian wine", "s": "Austrian wine rebounded from scandal to emphasize quality."}, "https://codexery.com/czech-cuisine/e/czech-cuisine/czech-wine/": {"t": "Czech wine", "s": "Czech wine is predominantly Moravian, with a history dating to Roman times.", "i": "https://codexery.com/czech-cuisine/img/czech-cuisine/czech-wine.webp", "c": "Hayden Soloviev · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/german-cuisine/e/german-cuisine/german-wine/": {"t": "German wine", "s": "German wine is known for elegant Riesling and diverse regional styles."}, "https://codexery.com/croatian-cuisine/e/croatian-cuisine/croatian-wine/": {"t": "Croatian wine", "s": "Croatian wine: a tradition from ancient Greeks to modern EU standards."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/hungarian-wine/": {"t": "Hungarian wine", "s": "Hungarian wine is known for Tokaji aszú and Egri Bikavér."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/kadarka/": {"t": "Kadarka", "s": "A dark-skinned red grape once key to Hungary's Bull's Blood."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/gouais-blanc/": {"t": "Gouais blanc", "s": "A peasant grape that became the ancestor of noble varieties."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/gamay/": {"t": "Gamay", "s": "A vigorous, ancient grape known for light, fruity reds."}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/other-european-regions/lower-austria/": {"t": "Lower Austria", "s": "Largest Austrian state by area, second-most-populous, capital Sankt Pölten since 1986.", "i": "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/img/other-european-regions/lower-austria.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lower Austria · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/vienna/": {"t": "Vienna", "s": "Capital on the Danube, heart of Austria"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/austria/": {"t": "Austria", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich imperial history and a modern neutral democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/middle-ages/": {"t": "Middle Ages", "s": "The middle epoch between classical antiquity and the modern period.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/img/historical-eras/middle-ages.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Middle Ages · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/bavaria/": {"t": "Bavaria", "s": "Largest German state, with a history from Celts to kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/baden-w-rttemberg/": {"t": "Baden-Württemberg", "s": "A prosperous German state formed from Baden, Württemberg, and Hohenzollern."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/thuringia/": {"t": "Thuringia", "s": "Central German state, green heart, home to Bach, Goethe, Schiller."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/hungary/": {"t": "Hungary", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich history, from the Kingdom of Hungary to EU membership."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/cabernet-sauvignon/": {"t": "Cabernet Sauvignon", "s": "A widely grown red variety known for thick skins and aging potential."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/carm-n-re/": {"t": "Carménère", "s": "A Bordeaux original now emblematic of Chilean wine."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/merlot/": {"t": "Merlot", "s": "A versatile Bordeaux grape known for its softness and early ripening."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/loire-valley-wine/": {"t": "Loire Valley (wine)", "s": "A historic French wine region along the Loire River."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/black-pepper/": {"t": "Black pepper", "s": "A flowering vine whose dried fruit is a ubiquitous spice, native to South Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/raspberry/": {"t": "Raspberry", "s": "Edible aggregate fruit of Rubus species, grown worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/peppers-citrus-fruits/e/peppers-and-citrus-fruits/bell-pepper/": {"t": "Bell pepper", "s": "Bell peppers are botanical berries used as vegetables, native to the Americas and now grown worldwide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peppers-citrus-fruits/img/peppers-and-citrus-fruits/bell-pepper.webp", "c": "Wuzyprod · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fruit-trees-berries/e/fruit-trees-and-berries/blackcurrant/": {"t": "Blackcurrant", "s": "Deciduous shrub grown for its vitamin-rich, dark purple berries."}, "https://codexery.com/plants-crops/e/plants-and-crops/viola-plant/": {"t": "Viola (plant)", "s": "A large genus of flowering plants, including violets and pansies."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/christian-church-bodies/abbey/": {"t": "Abbey", "s": "A self-sufficient religious community under an abbot or abbess."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/sauvignon-blanc/": {"t": "Sauvignon blanc", "s": "Crisp white wine with grassy to tropical flavors."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/bordeaux-wine/": {"t": "Bordeaux wine", "s": "Second largest wine region in France, producing over 700 million bottles annually."}, "https://codexery.com/geology/e/geology/gravel/": {"t": "Gravel", "s": "Loose rock fragments from nature and industry.", "i": "https://codexery.com/geology/img/geology/gravel.webp", "c": "Mnalis · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/chianti/": {"t": "Chianti", "s": "A Sangiovese-based red wine from central Tuscany, Italy."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/apulia/": {"t": "Apulia", "s": "Region forming the heel of Italy's boot, with ancient Greek and Roman heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/argentine-wine/": {"t": "Argentine wine", "s": "Argentina is the fifth largest wine producer globally."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/chilean-wine/": {"t": "Chilean wine", "s": "Chile is the fifth largest wine exporter and seventh largest producer."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/new-zealand-wine/": {"t": "New Zealand wine", "s": "Island nation known for Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc and cool-climate Pinot Noir."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/cabernet-franc/": {"t": "Cabernet Franc", "s": "A versatile black grape, parent to Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot."}, "https://codexery.com/lebanese-cuisine/e/lebanese-cuisine/lebanese-wine/": {"t": "Lebanese wine", "s": "Lebanon has a 5,000-year winemaking history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/lebanese-cuisine/img/lebanese-cuisine/lebanese-wine.webp", "c": "Elias Ziade · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/scientists-and-mathematicians/pliny-the-elder/": {"t": "Pliny the Elder", "s": "Roman author and naturalist who wrote the encyclopedic Natural History and died rescuing others from Mount Vesuvius."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/spain/": {"t": "Spain", "s": "A country spanning the Iberian Peninsula, with a history from Roman Hispania to a modern constitutional monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/mutation/": {"t": "Mutation", "s": "Mutations are alterations in DNA sequence driving evolution and disease."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/grenache/": {"t": "Grenache", "s": "A late-ripening red grape known for high alcohol and red fruit flavors."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/marselan/": {"t": "Marselan", "s": "A French cross of Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/e/reproduction-and-development/seedling/": {"t": "Seedling", "s": "Young sporophyte developing from a seed embryo."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/cabernet-blanc/": {"t": "Cabernet blanc", "s": "A disease-resistant hybrid bred from Cabernet Sauvignon and Regent."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/french-wine/": {"t": "French wine", "s": "One of the world's largest wine producers, with ancient roots."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/mediterranean-sea/": {"t": "Mediterranean Sea", "s": "Eponymous mediterranean sea enclosed by Africa, Asia, and Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/img/seas-and-oceans/mediterranean-sea.webp", "c": "of the modification : Eric Gaba (Sting) · via Wikipedia: Mediterranean Sea · Public domain"}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/aramon-grape/": {"t": "Aramon (grape)", "s": "A high-yielding workhorse grape once dominant in southern France."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-spain/e/regions-of-spain/aragon/": {"t": "Aragon", "s": "Autonomous community in northeastern Spain, historic Kingdom of Aragon."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/units-measurement/e/units-and-measurement/litre/": {"t": "Litre", "s": "Metric unit of volume, equal to one cubic decimetre."}, "https://codexery.com/units-measurement/e/units-and-measurement/ton/": {"t": "Ton", "s": "A unit of mass, volume, or force with varied definitions."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-spain/e/regions-of-spain/catalonia/": {"t": "Catalonia", "s": "An autonomous community in northeastern Spain with a distinct history and language."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/cinsaut/": {"t": "Cinsaut", "s": "Heat-tolerant red grape used in blends across Mediterranean and New World."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-spain/e/regions-of-spain/castile-and-le-n/": {"t": "Castile and León", "s": "Largest autonomous community in Spain, with a de facto capital in Valladolid."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/graciano/": {"t": "Graciano", "s": "Spanish red grape known for structure and aging potential."}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/crown-of-aragon/": {"t": "Crown of Aragon", "s": "A medieval Mediterranean thalassocracy of autonomous realms under one king."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/bobal/": {"t": "Bobal", "s": "A vigorous red grape historically used for bulk wine."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pascale-di-cagliari/": {"t": "Pascale di Cagliari", "s": "A Sardinian red grape used in several DOC blends."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/lazio/": {"t": "Lazio", "s": "Central Italian region home to Rome, rich in history and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-spain/e/wine-regions-of-spain/cari-ena-dop/": {"t": "Cariñena DOP", "s": "Oldest DO in Spain, source of the Cariñena grape.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-spain/img/wine-regions-of-spain/cari-ena-dop.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Cariñena DOP · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/spanish-language/": {"t": "Spanish language", "s": "A global Romance language originating in the Kingdom of Castile."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/bordeaux/": {"t": "Bordeaux", "s": "Port city and world capital of wine in southwestern France.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/img/cities-of-the-world/bordeaux.webp", "c": "David.J Janssen · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/malbec/": {"t": "Malbec", "s": "A thick-skinned grape known for inky color and plum flavors."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/petit-verdot/": {"t": "Petit Verdot", "s": "Late-ripening Bordeaux variety valued for structure and color."}, "https://codexery.com/american-cuisine/e/american-cuisine/american-wine/": {"t": "American wine", "s": "From colonial vineyards to modern vintages, American wine spans centuries and all 50 states.", "i": "https://codexery.com/american-cuisine/img/american-cuisine/american-wine.webp", "c": "Internet Archive Book Images · No restrictions"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/rome/": {"t": "Rome", "s": "The Eternal City, capital of Italy and cradle of Western civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/iberian-peninsula/": {"t": "Iberian Peninsula", "s": "Second-largest European peninsula, home to Spain and Portugal."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/tuscany/": {"t": "Tuscany", "s": "Central Italian region, birthplace of the Renaissance."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/territories-of-the-republic-of-venice/e/territories-of-the-republic-of-venice/brescia/": {"t": "Brescia", "s": "Ancient Roman city and industrial hub in Lombardy."}, "https://codexery.com/territories-of-the-republic-of-venice/e/territories-of-the-republic-of-venice/friuli/": {"t": "Friuli", "s": "Historical region of northeast Italy with a distinct Friulian identity."}, "https://codexery.com/supernumerary-body-parts/e/supernumerary-body-parts/hermaphrodite/": {"t": "Hermaphrodite", "s": "An organism producing both male and female gametes."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/barbera/": {"t": "Barbera", "s": "A high-acid Italian red grape with deep color and versatile styles."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/uva-rara/": {"t": "Uva Rara", "s": "A widely planted blending grape from northern Italy."}, "https://codexery.com/comedy-legends/e/comedy-legends/rodney-dangerfield/": {"t": "Rodney Dangerfield", "s": "The king of 'no respect' who turned self-deprecation into comedy gold.", "i": "https://codexery.com/comedy-legends/img/comedy-legends/rodney-dangerfield.webp", "c": "Press photo, photographer unknown · via Wikipedia: Rodney Dangerfield · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/italian-language/": {"t": "Italian language", "s": "A Romance language of the Indo-European family, standardised from literary Florentine Tuscan."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/jura-wine/": {"t": "Jura wine", "s": "Cool-climate French region famous for vin jaune."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/persan-grape/": {"t": "Persan (grape)", "s": "A rare Savoie red with disputed origins and a Swiss revival."}, "https://codexery.com/latin-american-states-provinces/e/latin-american-states-provinces/san-juan-province-argentina/": {"t": "San Juan Province, Argentina", "s": "Western Argentine province known for wine and mining."}, "https://codexery.com/spices/e/profiles/fennel/": {"t": "Fennel", "s": "Aromatic perennial herb used in cooking and absinthe."}, "https://codexery.com/fruit-trees-berries/e/fruit-trees-and-berries/cherry/": {"t": "Cherry", "s": "A fleshy drupe from the genus Prunus, cultivated for millennia."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/cheese/": {"t": "Cheese", "s": "A fermented dairy product with ancient origins and global diversity."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/seafood/": {"t": "Seafood", "s": "Sea life harvested and consumed by humans since prehistory."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/veneto/": {"t": "Veneto", "s": "Region in north-east Italy, former heart of the Republic of Venice."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/syrah/": {"t": "Syrah", "s": "A dark-skinned grape with ancient roots and global reach."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/carignan/": {"t": "Carignan", "s": "A high-yielding Spanish grape reborn in southern France and Catalonia."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/tempranillo/": {"t": "Tempranillo", "s": "Spain's noble grape, early ripening and widely blended."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/mourv-dre/": {"t": "Mourvèdre", "s": "A tannic red grape used in GSM blends and rosé."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-spain/e/wine-regions-of-spain/campo-de-borja-do/": {"t": "Campo de Borja (DO)", "s": "A DOP shaped by Moncayo mountain and continental climate."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/rh-ne-wine/": {"t": "Rhône wine", "s": "A major French wine region divided into Northern and Southern sub-regions."}, "https://codexery.com/rh-ne-wine-aocs/e/rh-ne-wine-aocs/ch-teauneuf-du-pape-aoc/": {"t": "Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC", "s": "The first French appellation contrôlée, born from papal history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rh-ne-wine-aocs/img/rh-ne-wine-aocs/ch-teauneuf-du-pape-aoc.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rh-ne-wine-aocs/e/rh-ne-wine-aocs/tavel-aoc/": {"t": "Tavel AOC", "s": "A southern Rhône rosé AOC known for aging potential.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rh-ne-wine-aocs/img/rh-ne-wine-aocs/tavel-aoc.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Tavel AOC · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/e/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/pyrenees/": {"t": "Pyrenees", "s": "Mountain range forming the France–Spain border.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/img/mountain-ranges-and-massifs/pyrenees.webp", "c": "The original uploader was Nhamblen at English Wikipedia. · via Wikipedia: Pyrenees · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/south-west-france-wine-region/": {"t": "South West France (wine region)", "s": "A diverse wine region inland from Bordeaux with historic appellations."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/tannat/": {"t": "Tannat", "s": "A tannic red grape from France, now Uruguay's national variety."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/abouriou/": {"t": "Abouriou", "s": "A near-extinct grape saved by a farmer's discovery of abandoned vines."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/auxerrois-blanc/": {"t": "Auxerrois blanc", "s": "A white grape sibling of Chardonnay, often blended with Pinot blanc."}, "https://codexery.com/fruit-trees-berries/e/fruit-trees-and-berries/blackberry/": {"t": "Blackberry", "s": "Edible aggregate fruit from the genus Rubus, widely cultivated and naturalized."}, "https://codexery.com/parrots-and-songbirds/e/parrots-and-songbirds/common-blackbird/": {"t": "Common blackbird", "s": "A widespread thrush known for its melodious song and black plumage.", "i": "https://codexery.com/parrots-and-songbirds/img/parrots-and-songbirds/common-blackbird.webp", "c": "Charles J. Sharp · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/venice/": {"t": "Venice", "s": "The Floating City of Canals and History"}, "https://codexery.com/nielsen-ratings-winners/e/nielsen-ratings-winners/60-minutes/": {"t": "60 Minutes", "s": "American news magazine debuting in 1968 on CBS."}, "https://codexery.com/cardiovascular-diseases/e/cardiovascular-diseases/french-paradox/": {"t": "French paradox", "s": "An apparent contradiction between diet and heart disease rates in France."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/poitou-charentes/": {"t": "Poitou-Charentes", "s": "Historic region on the southwest coast of France, cradle of Acadians and Cajuns."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/mary-magdalene/": {"t": "Mary Magdalene", "s": "A prominent follower of Jesus, witness to his crucifixion and resurrection, and a historical figure venerated across Christian traditions."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/douce-noir/": {"t": "Douce noir", "s": "A Savoyard grape now widely planted in Argentina and California."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/poulsard/": {"t": "Poulsard", "s": "A pale-skinned Jura noir grape used for rosé and blanc de noir."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/refosco/": {"t": "Refosco", "s": "Ancient dark-skinned grape family from northeastern Italy and Slovenia."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/savoy-wine/": {"t": "Savoy wine", "s": "France's only alpine wine region with rare grape varieties."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/refosco-dal-peduncolo-rosso/": {"t": "Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso", "s": "A red Italian grape with red stems, grown in Friuli and Slovenia."}, "https://codexery.com/economy-of-ancient-rome/e/economy-of-ancient-rome/ancient-rome-and-wine/": {"t": "Ancient Rome and wine", "s": "Roman viticulture spread across the empire through trade and settlement."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/zinfandel/": {"t": "Zinfandel", "s": "A black-skinned grape with disputed origins and a robust red wine profile."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/durif/": {"t": "Durif", "s": "A tannic red grape known as Petite Sirah in the U.S."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/pinot-gris/": {"t": "Pinot gris", "s": "A versatile white grape with pinkish-gray berries and two major styles."}, "https://codexery.com/great-lakes-of-the-world/e/great-lakes-of-the-world/lake-geneva/": {"t": "Lake Geneva", "s": "Large Alpine lake shared by Switzerland and France.", "i": "https://codexery.com/great-lakes-of-the-world/img/great-lakes-of-the-world/lake-geneva.webp", "c": "Giles Laurent · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pinot-meunier/": {"t": "Pinot Meunier", "s": "A key Champagne grape, known for its flour-like leaf down."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/abruzzo/": {"t": "Abruzzo", "s": "A southern Italian region with extensive protected natural areas."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/denominazione-di-origine-controllata/": {"t": "Denominazione di origine controllata", "s": "Controlled designation of origin for Italian wines."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/vino-nobile-di-montepulciano/": {"t": "Vino Nobile di Montepulciano", "s": "A Tuscan red aged at least two years, made from Sangiovese."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/marche/": {"t": "Marche", "s": "Central Italian region with a hilly landscape and Renaissance heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/molise/": {"t": "Molise", "s": "Second smallest Italian region, created in 1963 from Abruzzo."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-regions/e/italian-regions/umbria/": {"t": "Umbria", "s": "Central Italian region, landlocked, named for the ancient Umbri."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/provinces-of-italy/": {"t": "Provinces of Italy", "s": "Second-level administrative divisions of Italy, between municipalities and regions."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/uva-di-troia/": {"t": "Uva di Troia", "s": "A vigorous Apulian grape with violet clusters and a legendary name."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/freisa/": {"t": "Freisa", "s": "A vigorous Piedmontese grape with a parent-offspring link to Nebbiolo."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/barolo/": {"t": "Barolo", "s": "A nebbiolo-based red from Piedmont, known for tar and rose aromas."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/barbaresco/": {"t": "Barbaresco", "s": "Nebbiolo-based DOCG from Piedmont, often compared with Barolo."}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/fog/": {"t": "Fog", "s": "A low-lying cloud that shapes weather, travel, and even microbial life."}, "https://codexery.com/bird-colours/e/bird-colours/glaucous/": {"t": "Glaucous", "s": "A pale grey or bluish-green color, also a waxy plant coating."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/world/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "Roman Londinium and medieval England's largest town."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/vespolina/": {"t": "Vespolina", "s": "Red Italian grape from Piedmont, related to Nebbiolo."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/negrara/": {"t": "Negrara", "s": "A declining red grape of northeast Italy's DOC wines."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/rossola-nera/": {"t": "Rossola nera", "s": "A Lombardy red grape with a debated Nebbiolo parentage."}, "https://codexery.com/south-african-cuisine/e/south-african-cuisine/south-african-wine/": {"t": "South African wine", "s": "South Africa's wine industry dates to 1659 and ranks among the world's top ten producers."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/isabella-grape/": {"t": "Isabella (grape)", "s": "A slip-skin hybrid grape with tropical adaptability."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/anjou-wine/": {"t": "Anjou wine", "s": "Anjou offers a broad spectrum of Loire wine styles."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/chenin-blanc/": {"t": "Chenin blanc", "s": "A versatile Loire grape with high acidity and many wine styles."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/arbois-grape/": {"t": "Arbois (grape)", "s": "A Loire white grape valued for softening high-acid varieties."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/world/duchy-of-aquitaine/": {"t": "Duchy of Aquitaine", "s": "The great duchy of south-west France that passed to the Angevin kings."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/eleanor-of-aquitaine/": {"t": "Eleanor of Aquitaine", "s": "Duchess of Aquitaine, queen of France and England, and powerful medieval ruler."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/john-king-of-england/": {"t": "John, King of England", "s": "King of England who sealed Magna Carta and lost the Angevin Empire."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/hundred-years-war/": {"t": "Hundred Years' War", "s": "The Hundred Years' War was not a single continuous battle but a long, stop-start series of conflicts between England and France, lasting from 1337 to 1453."}, "https://codexery.com/european-medieval-monarchs/e/european-medieval-monarchs/charles-vii-of-france/": {"t": "Charles VII of France", "s": "King of France who ended the Hundred Years' War."}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/hectare/": {"t": "Hectare", "s": "A non-SI metric unit of area equal to 10,000 square metres, primarily used for land measurement."}, "https://codexery.com/plant-biology/e/plant-biology/photosynthesis/": {"t": "Photosynthesis", "s": "The process by which plants and other organisms convert light into chemical energy."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/chardonnay/": {"t": "Chardonnay", "s": "A versatile green-skinned grape from Burgundy, now grown worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics/e/genetics/genetic-diversity/": {"t": "Genetic diversity", "s": "Genetic diversity is the total genetic variation within a species."}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/french-regions/centre-val-de-loire/": {"t": "Centre-Val de Loire", "s": "An inland French region straddling the middle Loire Valley in north-central France."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/pressing-wine/": {"t": "Pressing (wine)", "s": "Pressing extracts juice from grapes, influencing wine style and balance."}, "https://codexery.com/culinary-heritage-of-switzerland/e/culinary-heritage-of-switzerland/kirsch/": {"t": "Kirsch", "s": "A clear cherry brandy from Germany, Switzerland, and France."}, "https://codexery.com/cooking/e/cooking-techniques/confit/": {"t": "Confit", "s": "A slow-cooking preservation method from southwestern France, using fat at low temperatures."}, "https://codexery.com/beverages-drink-culture/e/beverages-and-drink-culture/champagne/": {"t": "Champagne", "s": "Sparkling wine from the Champagne region of France."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/continuous-method/": {"t": "Continuous method", "s": "Sparkling wine made on the tank, not the bottle."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/champagne-wine-region/": {"t": "Champagne wine region", "s": "Sparkling wine region in northeastern France."}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/french-regions/burgundy/": {"t": "Burgundy", "s": "Historical region in France, known for its wine and medieval power."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/yeast-in-winemaking/": {"t": "Yeast in winemaking", "s": "Yeast converts grape sugar into alcohol, defining wine."}, "https://codexery.com/magazines/e/magazines/vanity-fair-magazine/": {"t": "Vanity Fair (magazine)", "s": "American monthly magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs."}, "https://codexery.com/education-schools/e/education-and-schools/stellenbosch-university/": {"t": "Stellenbosch University", "s": "Public research university in South Africa; home of SUNSAT microsatellite.", "i": "https://codexery.com/education-schools/img/education-and-schools/stellenbosch-university.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Stellenbosch University · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/winemaking/": {"t": "Winemaking", "s": "Winemaking is the production of wine from fruit fermentation."}, "https://codexery.com/burgundy-aocs/e/burgundy-aocs/bourgogne-aoc/": {"t": "Bourgogne AOC", "s": "The regional appellation for all Burgundy wines.", "i": "https://codexery.com/burgundy-aocs/img/burgundy-aocs/bourgogne-aoc.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Burgundy wine · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/canadian-wine/": {"t": "Canadian wine", "s": "Canada leads the world in icewine production."}, "https://codexery.com/portuguese-products-with-protected/e/portuguese-products-with-protected-designation-of-origin/port-wine/": {"t": "Port wine", "s": "Portuguese fortified wine from the Douro Valley."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/canaiolo/": {"t": "Canaiolo", "s": "A historic Tuscan blending grape, once dominant in Chianti."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/brunello-di-montalcino/": {"t": "Brunello di Montalcino", "s": "Tuscan DOCG made entirely from Sangiovese grapes."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-regions/e/italian-regions/lombardy/": {"t": "Lombardy", "s": "The most populous region of Italy, second-most populous in the EU, and a global centre for business, fashion, and finance."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/calabria/": {"t": "Calabria", "s": "Southern Italian region with Greek roots and linguistic diversity."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/ciliegiolo/": {"t": "Ciliegiolo", "s": "An Italian red grape with a disputed link to Sangiovese."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/malvasia/": {"t": "Malvasia", "s": "A historic Mediterranean grape family producing diverse wines."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/trebbiano/": {"t": "Trebbiano", "s": "A high-acid Italian grape vital for Cognac and balsamic vinegar."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/dureza/": {"t": "Dureza", "s": "Father vine of Syrah, nearly extinct but revived."}, "https://codexery.com/herbs-and-spices/e/herbs-and-spices/mentha/": {"t": "Mentha", "s": "A genus of aromatic, perennial herbs with a subcosmopolitan distribution."}, "https://codexery.com/major-islands-and-archipelagos/e/major-islands-and-archipelagos/crete/": {"t": "Crete", "s": "Largest Greek island, centre of Minoan civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/plants-fungi/e/plants-and-fungi/anise/": {"t": "Anise", "s": "A flowering plant used for flavor and traditional medicine."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/orthography/": {"t": "Orthography", "s": "Conventions for writing a language, including spelling and punctuation."}, "https://codexery.com/iranian-cities/e/iranian-cities/shiraz/": {"t": "Shiraz", "s": "Ancient Iranian city, trade center, and home to poets Hafez and Saadi."}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-and-reference/e/part-1/natural-history-pliny/": {"t": "Natural History (Pliny)", "s": "The ancient encyclopedia that shaped natural history."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/persian-language/": {"t": "Persian language", "s": "Persian is a Western Iranian language with three standard varieties."}, "https://codexery.com/american-romantic-horror-films/e/american-romantic-horror-films/rot-2019-film/": {"t": "Rot (2019 film)", "s": "A romance undone by a rage virus."}, "https://codexery.com/wineries-of-spain/e/wineries-of-spain/vega-sicilia/": {"t": "Vega Sicilia", "s": "A Ribera del Duero winery known for its aged red wines.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wineries-of-spain/img/wineries-of-spain/vega-sicilia.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Vega Sicilia · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/oak-wine/": {"t": "Oak (wine)", "s": "Oak shapes wine color, flavor, tannin, and texture."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/albillo/": {"t": "Albillo", "s": "A neutral white grape used for aromatics in Ribera del Duero reds."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/e/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/santiago-de-compostela/": {"t": "Santiago de Compostela", "s": "Capital of Galicia and historic pilgrimage destination."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-civilizations/e/ancient-civilizations/phoenicia/": {"t": "Phoenicia", "s": "Ancient Semitic maritime traders who spread the alphabet across the Mediterranean.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ancient-civilizations/img/ancient-civilizations/phoenicia.webp", "c": "Kordas, based on Alvaro's work · via Wikipedia: Phoenicia · CC BY 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/swedish-inventions/e/swedish-inventions/celsius/": {"t": "Celsius", "s": "Temperature scale named after Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-portugal/e/world-heritage-sites-in-portugal/douro-doc/": {"t": "Douro DOC", "s": "World's first formally demarcated wine region, known for Port."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/black-muscat/": {"t": "Black Muscat", "s": "A red Muscat grape with a wide range of synonyms."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/vernaccia/": {"t": "Vernaccia", "s": "A white grape with many clones, best known in Tuscany."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/riesling/": {"t": "Riesling", "s": "An aromatic, high-acid white grape expressive of its terroir."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/uva-tosca/": {"t": "Uva Tosca", "s": "A red grape of Emilia-Romagna, thriving at high elevations."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/piccola-nera/": {"t": "Piccola nera", "s": "A light-bodied red grape from Italy and Slovenia."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/blaufr-nkisch/": {"t": "Blaufränkisch", "s": "A late-ripening red grape rich in tannin and spice."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-spain/e/regions-of-spain/la-rioja/": {"t": "La Rioja", "s": "Spain's least populated autonomous community, famed for its Denominación de Origen Calificada Rioja wine."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-l/e/cities-starting-with-l/ljubljana/": {"t": "Ljubljana", "s": "Capital of Slovenia, with a dragon symbol and Roman origins."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/kosovo/": {"t": "Kosovo", "s": "Landlocked Southeast European country with partial diplomatic recognition."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/factions/house-habsburg/": {"t": "House of Habsburg", "s": "The House of Austria, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire and Spain."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/medieval-europe/republic-of-venice/": {"t": "Republic of Venice", "s": "A maritime republic that dominated Mediterranean trade for over a millennium."}, "https://codexery.com/imperial-residences-in-austria/e/imperial-residences-in-austria/sch-nbrunn-palace/": {"t": "Schönbrunn Palace", "s": "Former summer residence of the Habsburg rulers in Vienna."}, "https://codexery.com/latin-american-states-provinces/e/latin-american-states-provinces/baja-california/": {"t": "Baja California", "s": "Northwesternmost Mexican state on the Baja California peninsula."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/australian-wine/": {"t": "Australian wine", "s": "One of the world's largest wine exporters, with over 60 regions."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/greek-wine/": {"t": "Greek wine", "s": "Greece is one of the world's oldest wine-producing regions."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/peloponnese/": {"t": "Peloponnese", "s": "Southernmost peninsula of mainland Greece, cradle of Mycenaean civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/other-european-regions/macedonia-greece/": {"t": "Macedonia (Greece)", "s": "Largest Greek region, ancient kingdom of Alexander the Great."}, "https://codexery.com/words-and-phrases-derived-from-greek/e/words-and-phrases-derived-from-greek-mythology/herculean/": {"t": "Herculean", "s": "Of or like Hercules; requiring great strength."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomical-myths/e/astronomical-myths/nemean-lion/": {"t": "Nemean lion", "s": "A beast with golden fur killed by Heracles in his first labour."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/greek-myths/the-trojan-war/": {"t": "The Trojan War", "s": "Legendary Greek war against Troy, central to Homeric epics."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/eastern-orthodox-church/": {"t": "Eastern Orthodox Church", "s": "Second-largest Christian body; autocephalous communion; no central pope; primus inter pares of Constantinople."}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/other-european-regions/epirus-region/": {"t": "Epirus (region)", "s": "Northwestern Greek region, rugged and mountainous, with ancient roots.", "i": "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/img/other-european-regions/epirus-region.webp", "c": "Alexikoua · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/carbonic-maceration/": {"t": "Carbonic maceration", "s": "Whole grapes fermented in carbon dioxide before crushing."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/beaujolais/": {"t": "Beaujolais", "s": "A light-bodied red wine region known for carbonic maceration."}, "https://codexery.com/plant-biology/e/plant-biology/plant-reproductive-morphology/": {"t": "Plant reproductive morphology", "s": "The study of the physical form and structure of plant parts involved in sexual reproduction."}, "https://codexery.com/botany-plant-biology/e/botany-and-plant-biology/stamen/": {"t": "Stamen", "s": "Male reproductive organ of a flower, producing pollen."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america/": {"t": "North America", "s": "Third-largest continent by area; fourth-largest by population.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/north-america.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: North America · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church/": {"t": "Catholic Church", "s": "The largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members.", "i": "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/img/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Christianity by country · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/hern-n-cort-s/": {"t": "Hernán Cortés", "s": "Spanish conquistador who led the fall of the Aztec Empire", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/hern-n-cort-s.webp", "c": "Unknown artistUnknown artist · via Wikipedia: Hernán Cortés · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/jun-pero-serra/": {"t": "Junípero Serra", "s": "Spanish Franciscan missionary and 'Apostle of California'", "i": "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/img/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/jun-pero-serra.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Junípero Serra · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/major-islands-and-archipelagos/e/major-islands-and-archipelagos/canary-islands/": {"t": "Canary Islands", "s": "The Fortunate Isles: a subtropical archipelago linking Africa, Europe, and the Americas."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/grape-treading/": {"t": "Grape treading", "s": "Traditional winemaking method now mostly a recreational festival activity."}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/drought/": {"t": "Drought", "s": "A period of drier-than-normal conditions with far-reaching impacts.", "i": "https://codexery.com/meteorology/img/meteorology/drought.webp", "c": "Cavaliere grande · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/palomino-grape/": {"t": "Palomino (grape)", "s": "White grape best known for sherry production in Spain."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/matthew-the-apostle/": {"t": "Matthew the Apostle", "s": "Apostle, tax collector turned evangelist, author of the first Gospel."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/valentino-nero/": {"t": "Valentino nero", "s": "A Piedmontese grape with a corrected parentage of Chatus and Dolcetto."}, "https://codexery.com/herbs-and-spices/e/herbs-and-spices/liquorice/": {"t": "Liquorice", "s": "The sweet root of Glycyrrhiza glabra, used for flavour, confectionery, and traditional remedies."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/winemaker/": {"t": "Winemaker", "s": "A winemaker produces wine from grapes through scientific and traditional methods."}, "https://codexery.com/reaction-mechanisms-and-kinetics/e/reaction-mechanisms-and-kinetics/redox/": {"t": "Redox", "s": "Chemical reactions where oxidation states change via electron or atom transfer."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/grand-noir-de-la-calmette/": {"t": "Grand Noir de la Calmette", "s": "A teinturier grape used to deepen wine color."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/petit-bouschet/": {"t": "Petit Bouschet", "s": "A teinturier grape bred for color in post-phylloxera France."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/provence/": {"t": "Provence", "s": "A southeastern French region with Roman origins and lasting cultural identity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/provence.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/criminal-law-and-procedure/e/criminal-law-and-procedure/prohibition/": {"t": "Prohibition", "s": "Legal ban on alcohol manufacture, sale, and consumption."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/palestinian-wine/": {"t": "Palestinian wine", "s": "Palestinian wine has ancient roots and modern revival."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/maryland/": {"t": "Maryland", "s": "A Mid-Atlantic state with diverse geography and high median income.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/maryland.webp", "c": "Michael Wheeler · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/former-spanish-colonies/e/former-spanish-colonies/arizona/": {"t": "Arizona", "s": "Former Spanish colony, now a Southwestern U.S. state."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/texas/": {"t": "Texas", "s": "Second-largest U.S. state by area, but first in Fortune 500 headquarters and gross state product."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/west-virginia/": {"t": "West Virginia", "s": "Mountain state admitted as a free state during the Civil War."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/baja-california-peninsula/": {"t": "Baja California peninsula", "s": "A peninsula of myth, desert, and tectonic history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/img/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/baja-california-peninsula.webp", "c": "Cephas · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/ontario/": {"t": "Ontario", "s": "Canada's most populous province, home to Ottawa and Toronto."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas/e/peninsulas/niagara-peninsula/": {"t": "Niagara Peninsula", "s": "Isthmus in Ontario between Lakes Erie and Ontario."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/mondeuse-noire/": {"t": "Mondeuse noire", "s": "A red French grape with ancient roots and modern revival."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/blauer-portugieser/": {"t": "Blauer Portugieser", "s": "A versatile Central European red grape for everyday wines."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/trollinger/": {"t": "Trollinger", "s": "A light-bodied red grape from Germany and Italy with strawberry notes."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/must-weight/": {"t": "Must weight", "s": "Must weight measures grape sugar, indicating potential alcohol content."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/polish-wine/": {"t": "Polish wine", "s": "Polish wine has ancient roots and a modern revival."}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/vancouver-island/": {"t": "Vancouver Island", "s": "The largest and most populous island along the west coasts of the Americas."}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/french-regions/languedoc-roussillon/": {"t": "Languedoc-Roussillon", "s": "Southernmost mainland French region, merged into Occitania in 2016."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/alicante-bouschet/": {"t": "Alicante Bouschet", "s": "A teinturier grape with deep color and historical blending use."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/petit-rouge/": {"t": "Petit Rouge", "s": "A late-ripening red grape adding color and floral notes to Valle d'Aosta blends."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/bouteillan-noir/": {"t": "Bouteillan noir", "s": "A near-extinct Provençal red grape with ancient roots."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/languedoc-roussillon-wine/": {"t": "Languedoc-Roussillon wine", "s": "World's largest wine region, spanning southern France's Mediterranean coast."}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/french-regions/languedoc/": {"t": "Languedoc", "s": "Former province of France, with no single capital and a complex history of integration."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/world/paris/": {"t": "Paris", "s": "Capetian capital on the Seine."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/north-africa/": {"t": "North Africa", "s": "A region of diverse definitions, ancient civilizations, and deep cultural ties to the Arab world and the Mediterranean."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/algerian-wine/": {"t": "Algerian wine", "s": "Algeria was once the world's largest wine exporter."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/fer/": {"t": "Fer", "s": "A French red grape named for its iron-hard vine wood."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/italians/": {"t": "Italians", "s": "An ethnic group native to Italy with a global diaspora."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/e/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/modena/": {"t": "Modena", "s": "City in Emilia-Romagna known for luxury cars and balsamic vinegar."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/e/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/mantua/": {"t": "Mantua", "s": "City of the Gonzaga court, birthplace of Virgil, and UNESCO site."}, "https://codexery.com/lost-civilizations/e/lost-civilizations/the-etruscans/": {"t": "The Etruscans", "s": "Ancient Italian civilization of city-states with a distinct language and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/ancient-rome/": {"t": "Ancient Rome", "s": "Ancient Rome spanned from 753 BC to 476 AD."}, "https://codexery.com/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-worl/e/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-world/cato-the-elder/": {"t": "Cato the Elder", "s": "Roman soldier, senator, historian, and censor known for conservatism."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/must/": {"t": "Must", "s": "Freshly crushed grape juice, first step in winemaking."}, "https://codexery.com/trees-and-forest-species/e/trees-and-forest-species/populus/": {"t": "Populus", "s": "A genus of fast-growing trees including poplars, aspens, and cottonwoods.", "i": "https://codexery.com/trees-and-forest-species/img/trees-and-forest-species/populus.webp", "c": "Dmitry Makeev · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/piquepoul/": {"t": "Piquepoul", "s": "A versatile French grape with white, black, and grey variants."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/braquet/": {"t": "Braquet", "s": "A light, perfumed red grape of Provence's Bellet AOC."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/provence-wine/": {"t": "Provence wine", "s": "Provence is France's oldest wine region, famed for rosé."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/brun-fourca/": {"t": "Brun Fourca", "s": "A nearly extinct French variety confined to Palette AOC."}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/french-regions/provence-alpes-c-te-d-azur/": {"t": "Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur", "s": "Southeastern French region with Marseille and the French Riviera."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/basilicata/": {"t": "Basilicata", "s": "Southern Italian region with ancient Greek and Norman heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/campania/": {"t": "Campania", "s": "Southern Italian region rich in history, culture, and UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/greco-grape/": {"t": "Greco (grape)", "s": "An ancient Italian grape with white and black varieties."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/taurasi-wine/": {"t": "Taurasi (wine)", "s": "Aglianico-based red from volcanic soils in Campania, aged at least three years."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/cesanese-comune/": {"t": "Cesanese Comune", "s": "Ancient Lazio grape with three dedicated DOC regions."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/horace/": {"t": "Horace", "s": "Leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/e/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/tarquinia/": {"t": "Tarquinia", "s": "Home to some of the world's most important Etruscan painted tombs."}, "https://codexery.com/agriculture-food/e/agriculture-and-food/cultivar/": {"t": "Cultivar", "s": "A cultivated plant selected for desired, stable traits."}, "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/e/great-collapses/the-black-death/": {"t": "The Black Death", "s": "The deadliest pandemic in recorded history, the Black Death reshaped Europe and the Middle East.", "i": "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/img/great-collapses/the-black-death.webp", "c": "Jakub Hałun · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/hydrology/": {"t": "Hydrology", "s": "Study of water movement, distribution, and management."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/barbarossa-grape/": {"t": "Barbarossa (grape)", "s": "Several Italian red grape varieties share the name Barbarossa."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/corsican-wine/": {"t": "Corsican wine", "s": "Mediterranean island wine with Italian roots and French governance."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/e/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/genoa/": {"t": "Genoa", "s": "Capital of Liguria and historic maritime republic on the Gulf of Genoa."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/indigenous-peoples/": {"t": "Indigenous peoples", "s": "Indigenous peoples are diverse groups with ancestral ties to traditional territories."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/medieval-europe/republic-of-genoa/": {"t": "Republic of Genoa", "s": "A medieval maritime republic and major European financial hub."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/barbaroux/": {"t": "Barbaroux", "s": "A pink-skinned French variety with disputed origins and declining plantings."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/vermentino/": {"t": "Vermentino", "s": "A light-skinned grape from Italy, prominent in Sardinia and Liguria."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/fermentation-in-winemaking/": {"t": "Fermentation in winemaking", "s": "Yeast converts grape sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/clarification-and-stabilization-of-wine/": {"t": "Clarification and stabilization of wine", "s": "Removing suspended matter to achieve clarity and stability before bottling."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/romania/": {"t": "Romania", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, rich in history and natural beauty."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/saperavi/": {"t": "Saperavi", "s": "A teinturier grape from Georgia, known for deep color and cold hardiness."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/moldovan-wine/": {"t": "Moldovan wine", "s": "Moldova is the 11th largest wine producer in Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/moldova/": {"t": "Moldova", "s": "Landlocked Eastern European parliamentary republic with a rich history and EU candidate status."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/moldavia/": {"t": "Moldavia", "s": "Historical principality that united with Wallachia to form Romania."}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/other-european-regions/dobruja/": {"t": "Dobruja", "s": "A Balkan region divided between Bulgaria and Romania since the 19th century.", "i": "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/img/other-european-regions/dobruja.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/romanian-language/": {"t": "Romanian language", "s": "The official language of Romania and Moldova, spoken by 22 million people as a first language."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/danube/": {"t": "Danube", "s": "Europe's second-longest river, a historic frontier and trade route.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/danube.webp", "c": "Visions of Domino · via Wikipedia: Danube · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/new-york-state/": {"t": "New York (state)", "s": "The Empire State: A global node of creativity, entrepreneurship, and natural wonder."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/russian-language/": {"t": "Russian language", "s": "An East Slavic language of the Indo-European family, native to Russia and widely spoken across Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/dagestan/": {"t": "Dagestan", "s": "Land of the Mountains"}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/colorino/": {"t": "Colorino", "s": "A Tuscan grape prized for deep colour and structure."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/drupeggio/": {"t": "Drupeggio", "s": "A white Italian grape often confused with Vernaccia di San Gimignano."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/marzemino/": {"t": "Marzemino", "s": "Red grape from Trentino, linked to Mozart's Don Giovanni."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/grignolino/": {"t": "Grignolino", "s": "A light red with strong tannins from many pips."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/brugnola/": {"t": "Brugnola", "s": "A Lombard grape once mistaken for Fortana, now linked to Nebbiolo."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/nielluccio/": {"t": "Nielluccio", "s": "Corsica's principal red grape, disputed as Sangiovese's clone."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/secondary-fermentation-wine/": {"t": "Secondary fermentation (wine)", "s": "A second fermentation period in a different vessel."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/avan/": {"t": "Avanà", "s": "A rare Piedmontese blending grape with historical ties to Savoy."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/persian-wine/": {"t": "Persian wine", "s": "Persian wine is an ancient cultural symbol in Iran."}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/french-regions/rh-ne-alpes/": {"t": "Rhône-Alpes", "s": "Former French region with Lyon as capital and Alpine borders."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/middle-east/": {"t": "Middle East", "s": "A geopolitical region encompassing West Asia, Egypt, and European Turkey, rich in history and strategic importance."}, "https://codexery.com/skate-punk-groups/e/skate-punk-groups/the-offspring/": {"t": "The Offspring", "s": "California punk band that revived mainstream interest in the 1990s."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/marsanne/": {"t": "Marsanne", "s": "A Northern Rhône white grape often blended with Roussanne."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/trousseau-grape/": {"t": "Trousseau (grape)", "s": "An old French variety key to port and Jura wines."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/trousseau-gris/": {"t": "Trousseau gris", "s": "A white mutation of Trousseau, once called Gray Riesling."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/bolivia/": {"t": "Bolivia", "s": "A landlocked South American nation with diverse geography and a rich indigenous heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry/e/chemistry/ethanol/": {"t": "Ethanol", "s": "Organic compound, CNS depressant, active ingredient in alcoholic beverages."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/serbo-croatian/": {"t": "Serbo-Croatian", "s": "A pluricentric South Slavic language with four standard varieties."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/greek-language/": {"t": "Greek language", "s": "Greek is the world's oldest recorded living language."}, "https://codexery.com/territories-of-the-republic-of-venice/e/territories-of-the-republic-of-venice/durr-s/": {"t": "Durrës", "s": "Second city of Albania with 2,500 years of history."}, "https://codexery.com/plant-biology/e/plant-biology/plant-stem/": {"t": "Plant stem", "s": "One of two main structural axes of a vascular plant."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/e/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/val-d-orcia/": {"t": "Val d'Orcia", "s": "A Tuscan region of hills, wine, and historic railways."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/lambrusco/": {"t": "Lambrusco", "s": "An Italian red grape and wine with ancient roots and modern revival."}, "https://codexery.com/beverages-drink-culture/e/beverages-and-drink-culture/cognac/": {"t": "Cognac", "s": "A French brandy named after the commune of Cognac."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-spain/e/wine-regions-of-spain/spanish-wine-regions/": {"t": "Spanish wine regions", "s": "Spain's hierarchical wine classification system with DOP, DOCa, DO, VP, and VC categories."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/galicia-spain/": {"t": "Galicia (Spain)", "s": "Northwest Spanish region with Celtic roots and self-government."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/portuguese-wine/": {"t": "Portuguese wine", "s": "Portugal offers diverse wines from ancient native grape varieties."}, "https://codexery.com/spanish-cuisine/e/spanish-cuisine/denominaci-n-de-origen/": {"t": "Denominación de origen", "s": "Spanish geographical indication system for quality foodstuffs."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/pallagrello-bianco/": {"t": "Pallagrello bianco", "s": "A revived Campanian white grape with a long royal history."}, "https://codexery.com/european-monarchs-consorts/e/european-monarchs-and-consorts/ferdinand-i-of-the-two-sicilies/": {"t": "Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies", "s": "King of the Two Sicilies, deposed twice and restored."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/e/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/san-leucio/": {"t": "San Leucio", "s": "A former royal silk colony and UNESCO World Heritage site."}, "https://codexery.com/castles-in-italy/e/castles-in-italy/caiazzo/": {"t": "Caiazzo", "s": "Campanian comune with a castle enlarged by the Angevines."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/pedro-xim-nez/": {"t": "Pedro Ximénez", "s": "Spanish white grape used for sweet fortified sherry."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/terrantez/": {"t": "Terrantez", "s": "A rare Madeiran white grape revived from near extinction."}, "https://codexery.com/french-inventions/e/french-inventions/bordeaux-mixture/": {"t": "Bordeaux mixture", "s": "Copper-lime fungicide invented in late 19th-century France."}, "https://codexery.com/brazilian-cuisine/e/brazilian-cuisine/brazilian-wine/": {"t": "Brazilian wine", "s": "Brazil is Latin America's fourth-largest wine producer."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/ohio/": {"t": "Ohio", "s": "Midwestern U.S. state, birthplace of seven presidents and aviation."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania/": {"t": "Pennsylvania", "s": "The Keystone State", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania.webp", "c": "Simtropolitan, Jean-Pierre Demailly (old version)\npermission=\n\n\n\nInsignia\n\nThis image shows a flag, a coat of arms, a seal or some other official insignia. The  · via Wikipedia: Pennsylvania · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-and-condiments/e/cuisine-and-condiments/fruit-preserves/": {"t": "Fruit preserves", "s": "Fruit preserved with sugar, used as spread or condiment."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/augustus/": {"t": "Augustus", "s": "Founder of the Roman Empire and its first emperor."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/prosecco/": {"t": "Prosecco", "s": "Italian sparkling wine from Glera grapes, produced in Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-croatia/e/world-heritage-sites-in-croatia/pore/": {"t": "Poreč", "s": "Ancient Roman town with a UNESCO-listed 6th-century basilica."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas/e/peninsulas/salento/": {"t": "Salento", "s": "Cultural region at the heel of Italy's boot."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/verdicchio/": {"t": "Verdicchio", "s": "A historic Italian white grape known for high acidity and greenish hues."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/verdeca/": {"t": "Verdeca", "s": "A late-ripening Italian white grape with high acidity."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/wine-in-china/": {"t": "Wine in China", "s": "China is a major wine market with ancient roots and modern growth."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-and-development/e/reproduction-and-development/nymph-biology/": {"t": "Nymph (biology)", "s": "Juvenile insect form that gradually metamorphoses into an adult."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/arrufiac/": {"t": "Arrufiac", "s": "A Gascon blending grape known for its gunflint aroma."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/ch-teauneuf-du-pape/": {"t": "Châteauneuf-du-Pape", "s": "A Provençal commune famous for its papal castle and AOC red wine."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/terret-gris/": {"t": "Terret gris", "s": "A historic Languedoc mutation producing full-bodied white wines."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/terret-blanc/": {"t": "Terret blanc", "s": "A mutation of the Terret vine, grown mainly in Languedoc."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/pinotage/": {"t": "Pinotage", "s": "South Africa's signature red grape, a cross of Pinot noir and Cinsaut."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/moroccan-wine/": {"t": "Moroccan wine", "s": "Morocco is North Africa's leading potential for quality wine."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/oeillade-noire/": {"t": "Oeillade noire", "s": "A nearly extinct red grape of southern France."}, "https://codexery.com/former-spanish-colonies/e/former-spanish-colonies/colorado/": {"t": "Colorado", "s": "A landlocked state with mountains, plains, and a history of gold rushes."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/oregon/": {"t": "Oregon", "s": "33rd state, known for Crater Lake and Mount Hood."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/avarengo/": {"t": "Avarengo", "s": "A low-yielding Piedmontese red grape used in Pinerolese DOC blends."}, "https://codexery.com/duchies-and-electorates-of-the-holy-roma/e/duchies-and-electorates-of-the-holy-roman-empire/duchy-of-savoy/": {"t": "Duchy of Savoy", "s": "A composite monarchy of the Holy Roman Empire, from 1416 to 1847."}, "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/e/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/alps/": {"t": "Alps", "s": "Major European mountain range spanning eight countries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/img/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/alps.webp", "c": "Terra (EOS AM-1) satellite · via Wikipedia: Alps · Public domain"}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/aglianico/": {"t": "Aglianico", "s": "A full-bodied southern Italian red with firm tannins and high acidity."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/negroamaro/": {"t": "Negroamaro", "s": "A rustic southern Italian red grape with deep color and earthy bitterness."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/e/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/castel-del-monte-apulia/": {"t": "Castel del Monte, Apulia", "s": "13th-century octagonal castle built by Frederick II in Apulia."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/bombino-bianco/": {"t": "Bombino bianco", "s": "A high-yielding Italian white grape known for neutral wines."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/rossignola/": {"t": "Rossignola", "s": "A late-ripening red grape used in Veneto DOC blends."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/rossolino-nero/": {"t": "Rossolino nero", "s": "A distinct red grape from Valtellina, once confused with Rossola nera."}, "https://codexery.com/taxonomy-evolution/e/taxonomy-and-evolution/genus/": {"t": "Genus", "s": "A taxonomic rank above species and below family, used in biological classification."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/concord-grape/": {"t": "Concord grape", "s": "A slip-skin hybrid grape used for juice, jelly, and wine."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/juan-garc-a-grape/": {"t": "Juan García (grape)", "s": "A rare pre-phylloxera red grape from the Arribes del Duero."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-spain/e/wine-regions-of-spain/bierzo-do/": {"t": "Bierzo (DO)", "s": "A DOP in León known for Mencía and Godello wines."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/barbera-bianca/": {"t": "Barbera bianca", "s": "A white Piedmontese grape unrelated to red Barbera."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/barbera-sarda/": {"t": "Barbera Sarda", "s": "A Sardinian red grape valued for its acidity in blends."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/fiano-grape/": {"t": "Fiano (grape)", "s": "Ancient Roman grape revived in southern Italy and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/rh-ne-wine-aocs/e/rh-ne-wine-aocs/saint-joseph-aoc/": {"t": "Saint-Joseph AOC", "s": "A northern Rhône appellation known for approachable Syrah-based reds.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rh-ne-wine-aocs/img/rh-ne-wine-aocs/saint-joseph-aoc.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Saint-Joseph AOC · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/teroldego/": {"t": "Teroldego", "s": "A red grape from Trentino, sibling to a parent of Syrah."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/verdesse/": {"t": "Verdesse", "s": "An old white grape from eastern France with thick-skinned berries."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/latin/": {"t": "Latin", "s": "A classical language of the Italic branch, Latin evolved into the Romance languages and remained a key scholarly tongue into the early 19th century."}, "https://codexery.com/rh-ne-wine-aocs/e/rh-ne-wine-aocs/c-te-r-tie-aoc/": {"t": "Côte-Rôtie AOC", "s": "Northern Rhône reds from steep, sun-drenched slopes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rh-ne-wine-aocs/img/rh-ne-wine-aocs/c-te-r-tie-aoc.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Côte-Rôtie AOC · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/croatia/": {"t": "Croatia", "s": "A country in Central and Southeastern Europe on the Adriatic Sea, with a rich history and a modern high-income economy."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/silvaner/": {"t": "Silvaner", "s": "A neutral grape that reveals terroir when yields are controlled."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-portugal/e/world-heritage-sites-in-portugal/porto/": {"t": "Porto", "s": "Second-largest city in Portugal, historic port and wine hub."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/chaptalization/": {"t": "Chaptalization", "s": "Adding sugar to must to boost alcohol after fermentation."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/zweigelt/": {"t": "Zweigelt", "s": "Austrian hybrid red grape from St. Laurent and Blaufränkisch."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/indian-states/tamil-nadu/": {"t": "Tamil Nadu", "s": "The land of Tamils, with a history spanning over 5,500 years."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/savagnin/": {"t": "Savagnin", "s": "A Jura grape behind vin jaune and vin de paille."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/bombino-nero/": {"t": "Bombino nero", "s": "A southern Italian red grape used for blending and rosé wines."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/albaranzeuli-bianco/": {"t": "Albaranzeuli bianco", "s": "A nearly extinct Sardinian white grape with debated origins."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/gir-blanc/": {"t": "Giró blanc", "s": "A pink-skinned Majorcan white grape revived from near extinction."}, "https://codexery.com/major-islands-and-archipelagos/e/major-islands-and-archipelagos/balearic-islands/": {"t": "Balearic Islands", "s": "Spanish archipelago in the western Mediterranean, known for tourism and slinger history."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/e/rivers-of-europe/loire/": {"t": "Loire", "s": "Longest river in France, flowing through a UNESCO-listed valley.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/img/rivers-of-europe/loire.webp", "c": "0x010C · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/attila/": {"t": "Attila", "s": "Ruler of the Huns from 434 to 453, known as the Scourge of God."}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/eye/": {"t": "Eye", "s": "Sensory organ that detects light and enables vision."}, "https://codexery.com/physical-geography-elevation/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/elevation/": {"t": "Elevation", "s": "Height of Earth's surface above a reference geoid."}, "https://codexery.com/rh-ne-wine-aocs/e/rh-ne-wine-aocs/saint-p-ray-aoc/": {"t": "Saint-Péray AOC", "s": "Small northern Rhône AOC for white sparkling and still wines."}, "https://codexery.com/brazilian-states/e/brazilian-states/pernambuco/": {"t": "Pernambuco", "s": "Land of frevo, maracatu, and the Lion of the North."}, "https://codexery.com/brazilian-states/e/brazilian-states/northeast-region-brazil/": {"t": "Northeast Region, Brazil", "s": "Brazil's Northeast: where the coast meets the sertão, and history meets the future.", "i": "https://codexery.com/brazilian-states/img/brazilian-states/northeast-region-brazil.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Northeast Region, Brazil · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-turkey/e/national-parks-of-turkey/b-y-k-menderes-river/": {"t": "Büyük Menderes River", "s": "River in southwestern Turkey, namesake of the term 'meander'."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-france/e/wine-regions-of-france/bergerac-wine/": {"t": "Bergerac wine", "s": "A historic wine region in South West France with 13 AOCs."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/bo-azkere/": {"t": "Boğazkere", "s": "A tannic Turkish red grape from the Tigris basin."}, "https://codexery.com/lakes-of-the-world/e/lakes-of-the-world/lake-ontario/": {"t": "Lake Ontario", "s": "The easternmost Great Lake, outlet to the Atlantic via the Saint Lawrence River.", "i": "https://codexery.com/lakes-of-the-world/img/lakes-of-the-world/lake-ontario.webp", "c": "Dougtone · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-of-the-mid-atlantic-states/e/cuisine-of-the-mid-atlantic-states/grape-pie/": {"t": "Grape pie", "s": "A Concord grape pie tradition of the Finger Lakes region."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/religious-practices-and-symbols/eucharist/": {"t": "Eucharist", "s": "Christian rite of bread and wine instituted by Jesus at the Last Supper.", "i": "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/img/religious-practices-and-symbols/eucharist.webp", "c": "Didier Descouens · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/new-england/": {"t": "New England", "s": "Six-state region in northeastern U.S. with strong cultural identity."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/gueuche-noir/": {"t": "Gueuche noir", "s": "A nearly extinct red grape from eastern France."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-spain/e/regions-of-spain/basque-country-autonomous-community/": {"t": "Basque Country (autonomous community)", "s": "An autonomous community in northern Spain with historic nationality status."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/menc-a-grape/": {"t": "Mencía (grape)", "s": "Iberian red grape known for both light and concentrated wines."}, "https://codexery.com/austrian-wine/e/austrian-wine/uhudler/": {"t": "Uhudler", "s": "A foxy, strawberry-scented wine from disease-resistant hybrid grapes."}, "https://codexery.com/plant-biology/e/plant-biology/pollination/": {"t": "Pollination", "s": "Pollination transfers pollen, enabling fertilization and seed production."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/south-carolina/": {"t": "South Carolina", "s": "A southeastern U.S. state with a pivotal role in American history."}, "https://codexery.com/major-islands-and-archipelagos/e/major-islands-and-archipelagos/bali/": {"t": "Bali", "s": "Island of the Gods"}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/japanese-wine/": {"t": "Japanese wine", "s": "Japanese wine is a small but distinctive part of the global wine landscape."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/odesa/": {"t": "Odesa", "s": "Pearl by the Sea"}, "https://codexery.com/poets-and-lyricists/e/poets-and-lyricists/osip-mandelstam/": {"t": "Osip Mandelstam", "s": "Russian and Soviet poet, Acmeist, died in a transit camp."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/black-sea/": {"t": "Black Sea", "s": "Marginal sea between Europe and Asia with anoxic deep waters.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/black-sea.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Black Sea · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/montefalco-sagrantino/": {"t": "Montefalco Sagrantino", "s": "Umbrian DOCG wine from 100% Sagrantino grapes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/img/italian-docg/montefalco-sagrantino.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Montefalco Sagrantino · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/australian-wine/e/australian-wine/new-south-wales-wine/": {"t": "New South Wales wine", "s": "Second-largest wine state, home to Hunter Valley and Big Rivers."}, "https://codexery.com/australian-wine/e/australian-wine/south-australian-wine/": {"t": "South Australian wine", "s": "South Australia accounts for over half of Australian wine production."}, "https://codexery.com/australian-wine/e/australian-wine/d-arenberg/": {"t": "D'Arenberg", "s": "Family-owned McLaren Vale winery known for quirky Rhône-style wines."}, "https://codexery.com/australian-wine/e/australian-wine/victorian-wine/": {"t": "Victorian wine", "s": "Victorian wine ranges from elegant reds to unique fortified styles."}, "https://codexery.com/fermentation/e/fermented-foods/vinegar/": {"t": "Vinegar", "s": "Sour liquid used in cooking, cleaning, and medicine for millennia."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/muscat-blanc-petits-grains/": {"t": "Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains", "s": "A small-berried Muscat grape of ancient Greek origin."}, "https://codexery.com/cult-of-dionysus/e/cult-of-dionysus/ancient-greece-and-wine/": {"t": "Ancient Greece and wine", "s": "Greek wine shaped trade, culture, and viticulture across the ancient Mediterranean."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/kazakh-wine/": {"t": "Kazakh wine", "s": "Kazakh wine: ancient roots, modern revival in Central Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/uzbekistan/": {"t": "Uzbekistan", "s": "Doubly landlocked Central Asian republic with ancient Silk Road heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/non-timber-forest-products/e/non-timber-forest-products/berry/": {"t": "Berry", "s": "Berries are edible fruits used worldwide in food and drink."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/k-zg-z/": {"t": "Öküzgözü", "s": "A large-berried Turkish red grape from Eastern Anatolia."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/tigris/": {"t": "Tigris", "s": "Eastern great river of Mesopotamia, flowing through history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/rivers/tigris.webp", "c": "Hamza Al Mosuly · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/enfarin-noir/": {"t": "Enfariné noir", "s": "A nearly extinct red grape from the Jura region of France."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/argant/": {"t": "Argant", "s": "Ancient Spanish red grape, parent of César, now nearly extinct."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-spain/e/regions-of-spain/valencian-community/": {"t": "Valencian Community", "s": "Autonomous community on Spain's Mediterranean coast."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-spain/e/wine-regions-of-spain/cava-spanish-wine/": {"t": "Cava (Spanish wine)", "s": "Spanish sparkling wine made mainly in Catalonia's Penedès region."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/macabeo/": {"t": "Macabeo", "s": "A versatile white grape used in Rioja, Cava, and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/air-n/": {"t": "Airén", "s": "A drought-resistant Spanish white grape, often used for brandy."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties/e/white-wine-grape-varieties/folle-blanche/": {"t": "Folle blanche", "s": "A traditional French grape for brandy and tart white wine."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/grisa-nera/": {"t": "Grisa nera", "s": "A Piedmontese red grape used in blends and as a table grape."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/grolleau-grape/": {"t": "Grolleau (grape)", "s": "A Loire Valley red grape known for rosé and high acidity."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/grenache-blanc/": {"t": "Grenache blanc", "s": "White grape related to red Grenache, used in Rhône and Spanish blends."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/marechal-foch-grape/": {"t": "Marechal Foch (grape)", "s": "A cold-hardy hybrid teinturier with pigmented juice and small berries."}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/french-regions/alsace/": {"t": "Alsace", "s": "A border region blending German and French cultures, historically contested."}, "https://codexery.com/winemaking/e/winemaking/malolactic-fermentation/": {"t": "Malolactic fermentation", "s": "A secondary fermentation converting malic acid to softer lactic acid."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/gir/": {"t": "Girò", "s": "A Sardinian red grape used mainly for fortified wines."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-regions-of-spain/e/wine-regions-of-spain/binissalem-dop/": {"t": "Binissalem (DOP)", "s": "Mallorca's first DOP, centred on Binissalem."}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/french-regions/extremadura/": {"t": "Extremadura", "s": "Landlocked Spanish autonomous community with rich wildlife and Roman heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/cuisine-of-quebec/e/cuisine-of-quebec/quebec-wine/": {"t": "Quebec wine", "s": "Quebec wine is made from cold-hardy grape varieties in six regions."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Central Powers, 1914–1918."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/pope-benedict-xvi/": {"t": "Pope Benedict XVI", "s": "First pope to resign since 1415; defender of traditional Catholic values.", "i": "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/img/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/pope-benedict-xvi.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Resignation of Pope Benedict XVI · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/e/royalty-and-heads-of-state/akihito/": {"t": "Akihito", "s": "125th Emperor of Japan; reigned during the Heisei era.", "i": "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/img/royalty-and-heads-of-state/akihito.webp", "c": "State Department photo by William Ng / Public domain East Asia and Pacific Media · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/arnold-schwarzenegger/": {"t": "Arnold Schwarzenegger", "s": "Austrian Oak turned Hollywood icon and California governor."}, "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/e/royalty-and-heads-of-state/abdullah-ii-of-jordan/": {"t": "Abdullah II of Jordan", "s": "King of Jordan since 1999, Hashemite monarch and reformer.", "i": "https://codexery.com/royalty-and-heads-of-state/img/royalty-and-heads-of-state/abdullah-ii-of-jordan.webp", "c": "European Parliament · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/magazines-newspapers/e/magazines-and-newspapers/the-daily-telegraph/": {"t": "The Daily Telegraph", "s": "Was, is, and will be"}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/ansonica/": {"t": "Ansonica", "s": "A white grape with nutty aroma, grown in Sicily and Tuscany."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/catarratto/": {"t": "Catarratto", "s": "Sicily's most planted white grape, with glossy and bloomed variants."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/asti-wine/": {"t": "Asti wine", "s": "Sweet sparkling wine from Piedmont, made from Moscato Bianco."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-and-social-concepts/e/economic-and-social-concepts/lord/": {"t": "Lord", "s": "Appellation for a person or deity with authority or control."}, "https://codexery.com/military-commanders-of-the-world-wars/e/military-commanders-of-the-world-wars/ferdinand-foch/": {"t": "Ferdinand Foch", "s": "Supreme Allied Commander who coordinated the final Allied offensives in 1918.", "i": "https://codexery.com/military-commanders-of-the-world-wars/img/military-commanders-of-the-world-wars/ferdinand-foch.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Ferdinand Foch · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/quebec/": {"t": "Quebec", "s": "Canada's largest province, heart of Francophone culture in North America.", "i": "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/img/states-and-regions/quebec.webp", "c": "Wilfredor · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/european-regions/nova-scotia/": {"t": "Nova Scotia", "s": "Canada's most populous Atlantic province, rich in Mi'kmaq heritage and Scottish history."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/l-on-millot/": {"t": "Léon Millot", "s": "A cold-hardy hybrid grape with early ripening and disease resistance."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/calitor/": {"t": "Calitor", "s": "A nearly extinct French blending grape with twisted stalks."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/colombard/": {"t": "Colombard", "s": "A French white grape used for Cognac, Armagnac, and distinctive guava-flavoured wines."}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/other-european-regions/midlands/": {"t": "Midlands", "s": "Central England region, historic heart of Mercia and industry."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/amarone/": {"t": "Amarone", "s": "A rich dry wine from partially dried grapes in Valpolicella."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/garganega/": {"t": "Garganega", "s": "A key white grape of Veneto and the backbone of Soave."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/vermentino-nero/": {"t": "Vermentino nero", "s": "A nearly extinct Tuscan red grape revived by a single producer."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/biancone-di-portoferraio/": {"t": "Biancone di Portoferraio", "s": "A late-ripening white grape of Elba with Corsican genetic ties."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/bracciola-nera/": {"t": "Bracciola nera", "s": "A late-ripening red grape from Liguria and Tuscany."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/vernaccia-di-san-gimignano/": {"t": "Vernaccia di San Gimignano", "s": "First Italian wine to earn DOC status, from San Gimignano."}, "https://codexery.com/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/e/red-wine-grape-varieties-from-italy/brachetto/": {"t": "Brachetto", "s": "Aromatic red grape of Piedmont, known for strawberry notes."}, "https://codexery.com/italian-docg/e/italian-docg/brachetto-d-acqui/": {"t": "Brachetto d'Acqui", "s": "Sweet red wine from Piedmont, still or sparkling."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/barsaglina/": {"t": "Barsaglina", "s": "A Tuscan red grape revived from near extinction."}, "https://codexery.com/grape-varieties-of-spain/e/grape-varieties-of-spain/parraleta/": {"t": "Parraleta", "s": "A rare red grape from Somontano with verified synonyms across Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/wine-by-country/e/wine-by-country/bulgarian-wine/": {"t": "Bulgarian wine", "s": "Bulgarian wine traces its roots to Thracian times."}, "/e/red-wine-grape-varieties/papazkaras/": {"t": "Papazkarası", "s": "An indigenous Thracian red grape with ancient roots and modern versatility."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/aubin-vert/": {"t": "Aubin vert", "s": "A Lorraine grape sibling to Chardonnay, confirmed by DNA in 1999."}, "https://codexery.com/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/e/white-wine-grape-varieties-from-france/balzac-blanc/": {"t": "Balzac blanc", "s": "A nearly extinct French white grape once used for Cognac."}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/hybrid-biology/": {"t": "Hybrid (biology)", "s": "Offspring from combining two different organisms through sexual reproduction."}, "https://codexery.com/austrian-wine/e/austrian-wine/st-laurent-grape/": {"t": "St. Laurent (grape)", "s": "Aromatic red grape, offspring of Pinot noir, grown in Austria and Czech Republic."}, "https://codexery.com/belgian-cuisine/e/belgian-cuisine/belgian-wine/": {"t": "Belgian wine", "s": "Belgian wine, revived from medieval roots, now produces mostly white wines.", "i": "https://codexery.com/belgian-cuisine/img/belgian-cuisine/belgian-wine.webp", "c": "Michal Osmenda from Brussels, Belgium · CC BY-SA 2.0"}}