Surah 93: Ad-Duhaa (The Morning Hours)
A divine reassurance and call to care for the vulnerable.
Surah 93, titled Ad-Duhaa (The Morning Hours), is a Meccan surah consisting of 11 verses. It opens with an oath by the morning brightness (Surah 93:1) and the night when it covers with darkness (Surah 93:2), then directly addresses the Prophet Muhammad, reassuring him that his Lord has not taken leave of him nor detested him (Surah 93:3). The surah contrasts the present life with the Hereafter, stating the latter is better (Surah 93:4), and promises divine giving that will bring satisfaction (Surah 93:5).
Quick Facts
- Number of verses
- 11
- Oaths used
- 2
- Direct address to muhammad
- Surah 93:3
- Promise of future giving
- Surah 93:5
- Past favors listed
- 3
Reader's Guide
The passages portray a direct, personal divine address to Muhammad, beginning with natural imagery (morning brightness, night) to frame the message. The central theme is reassurance: God has not abandoned or hated the Prophet (Surah 93:3), and the future (Hereafter) is better than the present (Surah 93:4), with a promise of future giving that will satisfy (Surah 93:5). This reassurance is grounded in past acts of care: God provided refuge when Muhammad was an orphan (Surah 93:6), guidance when he was lost (Surah 93:7), and self-sufficiency when he was poor (Surah 93:8). The surah then transitions to ethical imperatives: protect the orphan (Surah 93:9), welcome the petitioner (Surah 93:10), and proclaim God's favor (Surah 93:11). The structure moves from divine care to human responsibility, linking the Prophet's experience to his duty toward others.
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