[{"n": "John B. Watson", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/john-b-watson/", "s": "Founder of behaviorism who transformed psychology into a science of observable behavior."}, {"n": "John Bowlby", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/john-bowlby/", "s": "British psychiatrist and psychoanalyst known for attachment theory"}, {"n": "Martin Seligman", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/martin-seligman/", "s": "Psychologist known for learned helplessness and positive psychology."}, {"n": "Muzafer Sherif", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/muzafer-sherif/", "s": "Turkish-American social psychologist who developed social judgment theory and realistic conflict theory."}, {"n": "Philip Zimbardo", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/philip-zimbardo/", "s": "Psychologist known for the Stanford prison experiment and heroism research."}, {"n": "Joseph Jastrow", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/joseph-jastrow/", "s": "Psychologist who used the scientific method to identify truth from error and educate the public."}, {"n": "Milton H. Erickson", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/milton-h-erickson/", "s": "American psychiatrist who pioneered clinical hypnosis and family therapy."}, {"n": "Alfred Binet", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/alfred-binet/", "s": "French psychologist who invented the first practical intelligence test."}, {"n": "Anna Freud", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/anna-freud/", "s": "Pioneer of child psychoanalysis and youngest daughter of Sigmund Freud."}, {"n": "Benjamin Bloom", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/benjamin-bloom/", "s": "American educational psychologist known for Bloom's taxonomy and mastery learning."}, {"n": "Clark L. Hull", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/clark-l-hull/", "s": "American psychologist known for drive theory and the goal gradient effect."}, {"n": "David Ausubel", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/david-ausubel/", "s": "American psychologist who developed advance organizers for meaningful learning."}, {"n": "Aaron Beck", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/aaron-beck/", "s": "American psychiatrist who developed cognitive therapy and CBT."}, {"n": "Aleksei Leontiev", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/aleksei-leontiev/", "s": "Soviet Russian developmental psychologist and philosopher, founder of activity theory."}, {"n": "Alfred Adler", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/alfred-adler/", "s": "Austrian medical doctor and founder of individual psychology."}, {"n": "Bruno Bettelheim", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/bruno-bettelheim/", "s": "Austrian-born scholar of autism and psychoanalysis."}, {"n": "Kurt Koffka", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/kurt-koffka/", "s": "German psychologist who co-founded Gestalt psychology and studied perception."}, {"n": "Leon Festinger", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/leon-festinger/", "s": "Social psychologist who originated cognitive dissonance theory."}, {"n": "Lev Vygotsky", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/lev-vygotsky/", "s": "Russian and Soviet psychologist known for cultural-historical activity theory and the zone of proximal develop"}, {"n": "Lewis Terman", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/lewis-terman/", "s": "Psychologist who revised the Stanford-Binet IQ test and launched the Genetic Studies of Genius."}, {"n": "Margaret Floy Washburn", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/margaret-floy-washburn/", "s": "First American woman to earn a PhD in psychology; pioneer in animal behavior and motor theory."}, {"n": "Marsha M. Linehan", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/marsha-m-linehan/", "s": "American psychologist who created dialectical behavior therapy."}, {"n": "Mary Ainsworth", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/mary-ainsworth/", "s": "Developed the strange situation procedure and ABC attachment model."}, {"n": "Mary Whiton Calkins", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/mary-whiton-calkins/", "s": "American philosopher and psychologist who pioneered self-psychology."}, {"n": "Melanie Klein", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/melanie-klein/", "s": "Austrian-British psychoanalyst who pioneered child analysis and object relations theory."}, {"n": "Neal E. Miller", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/neal-e-miller/", "s": "American experimental psychologist known for biofeedback and fear research."}, {"n": "Otto Rank", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/otto-rank/", "s": "Austrian psychoanalyst who broke with Freud over birth trauma."}, {"n": "Paul Ekman", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/paul-ekman/", "s": "Psychologist who pioneered the study of emotions and facial expressions."}, {"n": "Raymond Cattell", "u": "/e/psychologists-and-psychoanalysts/raymond-cattell/", "s": "Psychometric researcher of personality, intelligence, and multivariate methods."}]