{"https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/java/": {"t": "Java", "s": "World's most populous island, center of Indonesian history and culture."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/east-java/": {"t": "East Java", "s": "Land of Majapahit and Bromo", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/east-java.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Java · see source"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/special-region-of-yogyakarta/": {"t": "Special Region of Yogyakarta", "s": "Only officially recognized diarchy in Indonesia, co-ruled by Sultan and Duke.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/special-region-of-yogyakarta.webp", "c": "Crisco 1492 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-provinces/e/indonesian-provinces/west-java/": {"t": "West Java", "s": "The most populous province of Indonesia, homeland of the Sundanese people."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/indian-ocean/": {"t": "Indian Ocean", "s": "Third-largest ocean, warmest, key to global climate and trade."}, "https://codexery.com/human-evolution/e/human-evolution/homo-erectus/": {"t": "Homo erectus", "s": "First human species to leave Africa and pioneer Acheulean tools."}, "https://codexery.com/human-evolution/e/human-evolution/java-man/": {"t": "Java Man", "s": "Early hominid fossil, type specimen for Homo erectus."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/dutch-east-indies/": {"t": "Dutch East Indies", "s": "Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia after war and negotiation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/dutch-east-indies.webp", "c": "Roger Veringmeier · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/javanese-people/": {"t": "Javanese people", "s": "Largest ethnic group in Indonesia and Southeast Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/extinct-hominins/e/extinct-hominins/australopithecine/": {"t": "Australopithecine", "s": "Extinct close relatives of modern humans, ancestral to Homo."}, "https://codexery.com/archaeologists-and-anthropologists/e/archaeologists-and-anthropologists/eug-ne-dubois/": {"t": "Eugène Dubois", "s": "First anthropologist to purposefully search for hominid fossils."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-indonesia/e/world-heritage-sites-in-indonesia/sangiran/": {"t": "Sangiran", "s": "Major fossil site for early human ancestors in Java."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/melanesians/": {"t": "Melanesians", "s": "Indigenous peoples of Melanesia with deep genetic and linguistic diversity."}, "https://codexery.com/hinduism-and-jainism/e/hinduism-and-jainism/shaivism/": {"t": "Shaivism", "s": "A major Hindu tradition revering Shiva as the supreme being."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-indonesia/e/world-heritage-sites-in-indonesia/prambanan/": {"t": "Prambanan", "s": "9th-century Hindu temple compound in Java, Indonesia."}, "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/e/world-wonders/borobudur/": {"t": "Borobudur", "s": "9th-century Mahayana Buddhist temple in Central Java, Indonesia."}, "https://codexery.com/major-islands-and-archipelagos/e/major-islands-and-archipelagos/bali/": {"t": "Bali", "s": "Island of the Gods"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/surabaya/": {"t": "Surabaya", "s": "Surabaya: Bravely facing danger on the Madura Strait."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/dutch-language/": {"t": "Dutch language", "s": "A West Germanic language spoken by millions across Europe, the Americas, and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/indonesian-language/": {"t": "Indonesian language", "s": "The official and national language of Indonesia, a standardized variety of Malay spoken by over 97% of the population."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/central-java/": {"t": "Central Java", "s": "The Heart of Javanese Culture", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/central-java.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Java · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/christianity/": {"t": "Christianity", "s": "World's largest religion, centered on Jesus Christ."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/confucianism/": {"t": "Confucianism", "s": "A system of thought emphasizing virtue, harmony, and familial responsibility."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/north-sumatra/": {"t": "North Sumatra", "s": "Province of Sumatra, site of ancient supervolcano and diverse cultures.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/north-sumatra.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: North Sumatra · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-indonesia/e/national-parks-of-indonesia/bromo-tengger-semeru-national-park/": {"t": "Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park", "s": "Home to Java's highest peak and a unique volcanic sand sea."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/javanese-language/": {"t": "Javanese language", "s": "The largest Austronesian language by native speakers, spoken by over 68 million people primarily in Java, Indonesia."}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-indonesia/e/national-parks-of-indonesia/baluran-national-park/": {"t": "Baluran National Park", "s": "Savanna park at Java's northeastern tip with endangered banteng."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/malang/": {"t": "Malang", "s": "Landlocked city in East Java with rich history and mild climate."}, "https://codexery.com/overseas-empires/e/overseas-empires/dutch-colonial-empire/": {"t": "Dutch colonial empire", "s": "Global trading empire spanning Asia, Africa, and the Americas."}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/sulawesi/": {"t": "Sulawesi", "s": "Sulawesi is a large Indonesian island with four peninsulas."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/manado/": {"t": "Manado", "s": "Capital of North Sulawesi, a major tourism and Christian center."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/portuguese-empire/": {"t": "Portuguese Empire", "s": "The first and longest-lasting European colonial empire, spanning nearly 600 years from 1415 to 1999."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/spanish-empire/": {"t": "Spanish Empire", "s": "A global colonial empire spanning four centuries and multiple continents."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/major-wars/second-world-war/": {"t": "Second World War", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Axis, deadliest in history."}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-topics/e/world-war-ii-topics/surrender-of-japan/": {"t": "Surrender of Japan", "s": "Japan's surrender ended World War II in the Pacific.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-topics/img/world-war-ii-topics/surrender-of-japan.webp", "c": "Harry Beanham · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/maluku-islands/": {"t": "Maluku Islands", "s": "The Spice Islands at the crossroads of Asia and Oceania.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/img/islands-and-archipelagos/maluku-islands.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Maluku Islands · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/ternate/": {"t": "Ternate", "s": "Historic spice-trade center and former sultanate capital."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/dutch-east-india-company/": {"t": "Dutch East India Company", "s": "Chartered trading company and pioneer of joint-stock finance.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/dutch-east-india-company.webp", "c": "Wikimedia Commons · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/former-spanish-colonies/e/former-spanish-colonies/captaincy-general-of-the-philippines/": {"t": "Captaincy General of the Philippines", "s": "Spanish colonial territory in Southeast Asia, governed from Mexico City."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/south-sulawesi/": {"t": "South Sulawesi", "s": "Province in southern Sulawesi, gateway to the spice trade.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/south-sulawesi.webp", "c": "TUBS · via Wikipedia: South Sulawesi · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/central-sulawesi/": {"t": "Central Sulawesi", "s": "Largest province on Sulawesi Island by area.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/central-sulawesi.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Central Sulawesi · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fish/e/fish/coelacanth/": {"t": "Coelacanth", "s": "Coelacanths are an ancient lineage of lobe-finned fish belonging to the class Actinistia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/fish/img/fish/coelacanth.webp", "c": "Bruce A.S. Henderson · via Wikipedia: Coelacanth · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/protestantism/": {"t": "Protestantism", "s": "Christian movement originating in the 16th-century Protestant Reformation."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/portuguese-language/": {"t": "Portuguese language", "s": "A Western Romance language spoken by over 267 million people, official in eight countries and co-official in Macau and Equatorial Guinea."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/south-papua/": {"t": "South Papua", "s": "Indonesia's least populous province, formed in 2022 from southern Papua.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/south-papua.webp", "c": "NordNordWest · via Wikipedia: South Papua · CC BY-SA 3.0 de"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/central-papua/": {"t": "Central Papua", "s": "Indonesian province in central Western New Guinea, established in 2022.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/central-papua.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Central Papua · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-provinces/e/indonesian-provinces/west-papua-province/": {"t": "West Papua (province)", "s": "Province of West Papua – Land of diverse tribes and traditions."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/aceh/": {"t": "Aceh", "s": "The westernmost province of Indonesia, a historically independent sultanate and the birthplace of Islam in Southeast Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/aceh.webp", "c": "Tinta Emas Historia Network · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/indigenous-people-of-new-guinea/": {"t": "Indigenous people of New Guinea", "s": "Indigenous Melanesian peoples of New Guinea, with deep genetic and linguistic diversity."}, "https://codexery.com/pakistani-inventions/e/pakistani-inventions/human-development-index/": {"t": "Human Development Index", "s": "Composite index measuring life expectancy, education, and income per capita."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church/": {"t": "Catholic Church", "s": "The largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members.", "i": "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/img/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Christianity by country · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/international-relations-and-concepts/globalization/": {"t": "Globalization", "s": "Process of increasing global interdependence and integration."}, "https://codexery.com/instruments/e/musical-instruments/the-ukulele/": {"t": "The Ukulele", "s": "A small Portuguese-Hawaiian instrument that sparked global musical movements."}, "https://codexery.com/instruments/e/musical-instruments/the-double-bass/": {"t": "The Double bass", "s": "Largest and lowest-pitched chordophone in the modern symphony orchestra."}, "https://codexery.com/common-plants-and-crops/e/common-plants-and-crops/pandanus/": {"t": "Pandanus", "s": "Palm-like trees and shrubs of the Old World tropics."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-cuisine/e/chinese-cuisine/calabash/": {"t": "Calabash", "s": "A versatile vine with ancient roots, the calabash has been cultivated across the tropics for food, containers, and more."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/cassowary/": {"t": "Cassowary", "s": "Flightless bird with a fearsome claw and a glowing casque."}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/sumatra/": {"t": "Sumatra", "s": "Large Indonesian island with rich history and biodiversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands/img/islands/sumatra.webp", "c": "Sadalmelik · via Wikipedia: Sumatra · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/riau-islands/": {"t": "Riau Islands", "s": "Indonesian province of 2,408 islands, key maritime trade hub.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/riau-islands.webp", "c": "TUBS · via Wikipedia: Riau Islands · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/straits-channels-and-seas/e/straits-channels-and-seas/strait-of-malacca/": {"t": "Strait of Malacca", "s": "A vital maritime chokepoint linking the Indian and Pacific Oceans."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-provinces/e/indonesian-provinces/west-sumatra/": {"t": "West Sumatra", "s": "Land of the Minangkabau"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/south-sumatra/": {"t": "South Sumatra", "s": "Province of Indonesia, site of the ancient Srivijaya kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/srivijaya/": {"t": "Srivijaya", "s": "A Malay thalassocratic empire dominating western Maritime Southeast Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/malay-language/": {"t": "Malay language", "s": "An Austronesian language native to Maritime Southeast Asia and the Malay Peninsula, official in Brunei, Malaysia, and Singapore."}, "https://codexery.com/specific-languages/e/specific-languages/hokkien/": {"t": "Hokkien", "s": "A major Southern Min Chinese variety with global diaspora influence."}, "https://codexery.com/palm-oil/e/palm-oil/palm-oil/": {"t": "Palm oil", "s": "Edible oil from oil palm fruit, widely used and controversial."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/malays-ethnic-group/": {"t": "Malays (ethnic group)", "s": "An Austronesian ethnoreligious group native to the Malay world."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/malacca-city/": {"t": "Malacca City", "s": "Historic capital of Malacca, Malaysia, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/banjarmasin/": {"t": "Banjarmasin", "s": "Largest city in South Kalimantan, former provincial capital."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/banjarbaru/": {"t": "Banjarbaru", "s": "Capital of South Kalimantan, Indonesia."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-provinces/e/indonesian-provinces/west-kalimantan/": {"t": "West Kalimantan", "s": "The Province of a Thousand Rivers"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/central-kalimantan/": {"t": "Central Kalimantan", "s": "Largest Indonesian province by area, home to Dayak peoples.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/central-kalimantan.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Central Kalimantan · see source"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/east-kalimantan/": {"t": "East Kalimantan", "s": "Indonesian province hosting the world's oldest figurative art and new capital.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/east-kalimantan.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: East Kalimantan · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/malagasy-language/": {"t": "Malagasy language", "s": "Austronesian language of Madagascar, with diverse dialects and rich history."}, "https://codexery.com/major-islands-and-archipelagos/e/major-islands-and-archipelagos/borneo/": {"t": "Borneo", "s": "Third-largest island, divided among three sovereign states."}, "https://codexery.com/malaysian-cuisine/e/malaysian-cuisine/malay-cuisine/": {"t": "Malay cuisine", "s": "Traditional cuisine of ethnic Malays, rich in spices and coconut milk."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/papua-province/": {"t": "Papua (province)", "s": "The northern gateway of Western New Guinea, with special autonomy and rich cultural heritage."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania/": {"t": "Pennsylvania", "s": "The Keystone State", "i": "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/img/countries-and-regions/pennsylvania.webp", "c": "Simtropolitan, Jean-Pierre Demailly (old version)\npermission=\n\n\n\nInsignia\n\nThis image shows a flag, a coat of arms, a seal or some other official insignia. The  · via Wikipedia: Pennsylvania · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/e/coastal-and-fluvial-geomorphology/wetland/": {"t": "Wetland", "s": "Semi-aquatic ecosystems flooded or saturated with water."}, "https://codexery.com/birds/e/birds/bird-of-paradise/": {"t": "Bird-of-paradise", "s": "A family of passerine birds known for elaborate male plumage."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/new-guinea/": {"t": "New Guinea", "s": "The world's second-largest island, rich in biodiversity and cultural history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/img/islands-and-archipelagos/new-guinea.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: German New Guinea · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/former-dutch-colonies/e/former-dutch-colonies/dutch-new-guinea/": {"t": "Dutch New Guinea", "s": "Former Dutch territory in western New Guinea, transferred to Indonesia in 1963."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/christian-theology/christian-mission/": {"t": "Christian mission", "s": "Organized efforts to spread Christianity across boundaries."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/malaria/": {"t": "Malaria", "s": "Mosquito-borne parasitic disease causing fever, anemia, and death."}, "https://codexery.com/game-birds-and-waterfowl/e/game-birds-and-waterfowl/magpie-goose/": {"t": "Magpie goose", "s": "Sole living member of the ancient family Anseranatidae."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/palembang/": {"t": "Palembang", "s": "Ancient Srivijayan capital and modern Sumatran metropolis."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/bengkulu/": {"t": "Bengkulu", "s": "Land of Carcasses Upstream, Fort Marlborough, and the Sunda Fault", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/bengkulu.webp", "c": "Bennylin · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/bangka-belitung-islands/": {"t": "Bangka Belitung Islands", "s": "Indonesian province of two main islands, rich in tin and culture.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/bangka-belitung-islands.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Bangka Belitung Islands · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/paraguay/": {"t": "Paraguay", "s": "A landlocked nation with a rich indigenous heritage and a resilient history."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/maine/": {"t": "Maine", "s": "Northeasternmost state in the contiguous United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/maine.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/energy-power/e/energy-and-power/petroleum/": {"t": "Petroleum", "s": "A fossil fuel central to modern industry and climate change."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-inventions/e/chinese-inventions/natural-gas/": {"t": "Natural gas", "s": "Fossil fuel primarily composed of methane, used for energy."}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/e/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/bhikkhu/": {"t": "Bhikkhu", "s": "Ordained male monastic in Buddhist tradition."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/chola-dynasty/": {"t": "Chola dynasty", "s": "Tamil dynasty ruling a maritime empire from Southern India."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cuisine/e/indonesian-cuisine/chinese-indonesian-cuisine/": {"t": "Chinese Indonesian cuisine", "s": "A fusion of Chinese and Indonesian culinary traditions."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/east-nusa-tenggara/": {"t": "East Nusa Tenggara", "s": "Southernmost Indonesian province with rich culture and biodiversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/east-nusa-tenggara.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: East Nusa Tenggara · see source"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/north-maluku/": {"t": "North Maluku", "s": "Indonesian province covering the northern part of the Maluku Islands.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/north-maluku.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: 2026 North Maluku earthquake · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/folk-religion/": {"t": "Folk religion", "s": "Folk religion is religion as lived outside official doctrine."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/banda-aceh/": {"t": "Banda Aceh", "s": "Capital of Aceh, devastated by the 2004 tsunami."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/sharia/": {"t": "Sharia", "s": "Islamic divine law based on the Qur'an and hadith, distinct from fiqh."}, "https://codexery.com/disasters/e/historic-disasters/the-2004-indian-ocean-tsunami/": {"t": "The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami", "s": "On 26 December 2004, a massive undersea megathrust earthquake, known scientifically as the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake, struck at 07:58:53 local time off the wes"}, "https://codexery.com/explorers/e/great-explorers/marco-polo/": {"t": "Marco Polo", "s": "Venetian merchant whose travels opened the East to European understanding.", "i": "https://codexery.com/explorers/img/great-explorers/marco-polo.webp", "c": "Marco Polo · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/religious-practices-and-symbols/idolatry/": {"t": "Idolatry", "s": "Worship of an idol as though it were a deity, forbidden in Abrahamic religions."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/venice/": {"t": "Venice", "s": "The Floating City of Canals and History"}, "https://codexery.com/traditional-health-care-occupations/e/traditional-health-care-occupations/apothecary/": {"t": "Apothecary", "s": "Historical preparer and dispenser of medicines."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/malay-peninsula/": {"t": "Malay Peninsula", "s": "Southernmost point of mainland Asia, rich in history and biodiversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/img/islands-and-archipelagos/malay-peninsula.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Malay Peninsula · see source"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/riau/": {"t": "Riau", "s": "Indonesian province on Sumatra's east coast, rich in resources and history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/riau.webp", "c": "TUBS · via Wikipedia: Riau · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/banten/": {"t": "Banten", "s": "Westernmost province of Java, Indonesia, with a rich sultanate history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/banten.webp", "c": "Geospatial Information Agency of Indonesia · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/hakka-chinese/": {"t": "Hakka Chinese", "s": "A Chinese language group with many dialects, spoken by the Hakka people."}, "https://codexery.com/british-empire/e/british-empire/british-empire/": {"t": "British Empire", "s": "The largest empire in history, spanning a quarter of Earth's land."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/sanskrit/": {"t": "Sanskrit", "s": "The classical language of South Asian religion, philosophy, and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/tangerang/": {"t": "Tangerang", "s": "Largest city in Banten, industrial hub, and Jakarta's western neighbor."}, "https://codexery.com/straits-channels-and-seas/e/straits-channels-and-seas/sunda-strait/": {"t": "Sunda Strait", "s": "Strait between Java and Sumatra, historically vital shipping route."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/portuguese-people/": {"t": "Portuguese people", "s": "Romance ethnic group indigenous to Portugal, key in global exploration."}, "https://codexery.com/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/e/national-cultures-and-ethnic-groups/dutch-people/": {"t": "Dutch people", "s": "Ethnic group native to the Netherlands, with global diaspora."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/sundanese-language/": {"t": "Sundanese language", "s": "Austronesian language spoken by 32 million in western Java."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/black-pepper/": {"t": "Black pepper", "s": "A flowering vine whose dried fruit is a ubiquitous spice, native to South Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/makassar/": {"t": "Makassar", "s": "The largest city in Eastern Indonesia and a historic trading port."}, "https://codexery.com/overseas-empires/e/overseas-empires/factory-trading-post/": {"t": "Factory (trading post)", "s": "Medieval and early modern trading post and free-trade zone."}, "https://codexery.com/portuguese-empire/e/portuguese-empire/dutch-portuguese-war/": {"t": "Dutch–Portuguese War", "s": "A global conflict for spice trade supremacy between the Dutch Republic and Portugal."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/cilegon/": {"t": "Cilegon", "s": "Major industrial city and largest steel producer in Southeast Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/massachusetts/": {"t": "Massachusetts", "s": "A New England state with a rich colonial and revolutionary history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/massachusetts.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/bengkulu-city/": {"t": "Bengkulu (city)", "s": "Capital of Bengkulu Province, site of Sukarno's exile."}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/e/economic-concepts/gross-domestic-product/": {"t": "Gross domestic product", "s": "Monetary measure of total market value of final goods and services."}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/exploration-and-colonization/east-india-company/": {"t": "East India Company", "s": "Chartered company that ruled large parts of India and dominated key trade routes.", "i": "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/img/exploration-and-colonization/east-india-company.webp", "c": "John Bruce · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/europe/": {"t": "Europe", "s": "Second-smallest continent, birthplace of Western civilisation and European Union."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/south-kalimantan/": {"t": "South Kalimantan", "s": "The land of a thousand rivers in southeastern Borneo."}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/north-kalimantan/": {"t": "North Kalimantan", "s": "Province formed in 2012 from East Kalimantan.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/north-kalimantan.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: North Kalimantan · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/illinois/": {"t": "Illinois", "s": "Land of Lincoln", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/illinois.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/polymers-and-macromolecules/resin/": {"t": "Resin", "s": "Plant and synthetic substance used in varnishes, adhesives, and incense."}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-indonesia/e/national-parks-of-indonesia/sabangau-national-park/": {"t": "Sabangau National Park", "s": "Peat swamp forest with world's largest orangutan population."}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/el-ni-o-southern-oscillation/": {"t": "El Niño–Southern Oscillation", "s": "A global climate phenomenon driven by winds and sea surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific.", "i": "https://codexery.com/meteorology/img/meteorology/el-ni-o-southern-oscillation.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: El Niño–Southern Oscillation · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-indonesia/e/national-parks-of-indonesia/bukit-baka-bukit-raya-national-park/": {"t": "Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park", "s": "A Bornean national park protecting endemic flora and fauna."}, "https://codexery.com/folk-religions/e/folk-religions/kaharingan/": {"t": "Kaharingan", "s": "Animistic folk religion of the Dayak peoples in Kalimantan, Indonesia."}, "https://codexery.com/notable-mountains-and-peaks/e/notable-mountains-and-peaks/puncak-jaya/": {"t": "Puncak Jaya", "s": "Highest peak in Oceania and one of the Seven Summits."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-leaders/e/asian-leaders/b-j-habibie/": {"t": "B. J. Habibie", "s": "Third Indonesian president; engineer who liberalized press and ended East Timor occupation."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/oceania/": {"t": "Oceania", "s": "The smallest continent, spanning the Pacific's vast ocean."}, "https://codexery.com/seafood/e/seafood/mackerel/": {"t": "Mackerel", "s": "Pelagic fish with striped backs, heavily fished for omega-3 oils."}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-the-world/e/national-parks-of-the-world/lorentz-national-park/": {"t": "Lorentz National Park", "s": "Largest national park in Southeast Asia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site."}, "https://codexery.com/other-geographic-features/e/other-geographic-features/national-park/": {"t": "National park", "s": "Preserving wild nature for posterity and national pride."}, "https://codexery.com/pioneers-and-innovators/e/pioneers-and-innovators/reinhold-messner/": {"t": "Reinhold Messner", "s": "Italian climber who first soloed Everest and climbed all 14 eight-thousanders without oxygen.", "i": "https://codexery.com/pioneers-and-innovators/img/pioneers-and-innovators/reinhold-messner.webp", "c": "Superbass · via Wikipedia: Reinhold Messner · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/north-sulawesi/": {"t": "North Sulawesi", "s": "Province on Sulawesi's Minahasa Peninsula, capital Manado.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/north-sulawesi.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: North Sulawesi · see source"}, "/e/provinces-of-indonesia/southeast-sulawesi/": {"t": "Southeast Sulawesi", "s": "Southeast Sulawesi: The southeastern peninsula of Sulawesi, with no highway connection to the rest of the island.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-indonesia/img/provinces-of-indonesia/southeast-sulawesi.webp", "c": "Twotwofourtysix · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-provinces/e/indonesian-provinces/west-sulawesi/": {"t": "West Sulawesi", "s": "Western Sulawesi's province of ancient art and natural borders."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/indigenous-peoples/": {"t": "Indigenous peoples", "s": "Indigenous peoples are diverse groups with ancestral ties to traditional territories."}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-indonesia/e/national-parks-of-indonesia/lore-lindu-national-park/": {"t": "Lore Lindu National Park", "s": "Sulawesi forest park with rare species and ancient megaliths."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-indonesia/e/world-heritage-sites-in-indonesia/sangkulirang-mangkalihat-karst/": {"t": "Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Karst", "s": "Karst area in Borneo with ancient cave paintings."}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/media-and-publishing/nature-journal/": {"t": "Nature (journal)", "s": "British weekly journal of peer-reviewed natural science research.", "i": "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/img/media-and-publishing/nature-journal.webp", "c": "ESO/M. Kornmesser (photo displayed on the magazine cover) · via Wikipedia: Nature (journal) · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/balikpapan/": {"t": "Balikpapan", "s": "Seaport city and financial hub of Kalimantan, Indonesia."}, "https://codexery.com/national-parks-of-indonesia/e/national-parks-of-indonesia/kutai-national-park/": {"t": "Kutai National Park", "s": "Lowland park on Borneo's east coast with diverse wildlife."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/lesser-sunda-islands/": {"t": "Lesser Sunda Islands", "s": "Archipelago in Indonesia and Timor Leste, part of the Sunda Islands.", "i": "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/img/islands-and-archipelagos/lesser-sunda-islands.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lesser Sunda Islands · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/sumba/": {"t": "Sumba", "s": "An Indonesian island of ancient traditions, diverse cultures, and unique wildlife."}, "https://codexery.com/islands/e/islands/timor/": {"t": "Timor", "s": "Island divided between Timor-Leste and Indonesia."}, "https://codexery.com/human-evolution/e/human-evolution/homo-floresiensis/": {"t": "Homo floresiensis", "s": "Small archaic human from Flores, Indonesia, extinct around 50,000 years ago."}, "https://codexery.com/unesco-world-heritage-parks/e/unesco-world-heritage-parks/komodo-national-park/": {"t": "Komodo National Park", "s": "Indonesian national park protecting the Komodo dragon and rich marine biodiversity.", "i": "https://codexery.com/unesco-world-heritage-parks/img/unesco-world-heritage-parks/komodo-national-park.webp", "c": "Danadi Sutjianto · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/indonesian-national-revolution/": {"t": "Indonesian National Revolution", "s": "Armed and diplomatic struggle for Indonesian independence from Dutch rule.", "i": "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/img/revolutions-and-conflicts/indonesian-national-revolution.webp", "c": "Unknown author · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/e/government-and-public-administration/unitary-state/": {"t": "Unitary state", "s": "Central government holds supreme authority over administrative divisions."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-provinces/e/indonesian-provinces/west-nusa-tenggara/": {"t": "West Nusa Tenggara", "s": "Indonesian province of Lombok and Sumbawa islands."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/tarakan/": {"t": "Tarakan", "s": "Island city of black gold and Borneo's eastern gateway."}, "https://codexery.com/military-conflicts-and-wars/e/military-conflicts-and-wars/indonesia-malaysia-confrontation/": {"t": "Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation", "s": "Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation was an undeclared war, primarily fought in the border area between Indonesia and East Malaysia on the island of Borneo, with lo", "i": "https://codexery.com/military-conflicts-and-wars/img/military-conflicts-and-wars/indonesia-malaysia-confrontation.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/spices/e/profiles/nutmeg/": {"t": "Nutmeg", "s": "The seed of the fragrant nutmeg tree, native to the Banda Islands and mainly produced there, yields both nutmeg and mace spices."}, "https://codexery.com/spices/e/profiles/clove/": {"t": "Clove", "s": "Aromatic flower buds native to the Moluccas, used worldwide as a spice and fragrance."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/nickel/": {"t": "Nickel", "s": "Silvery-white metal, ferromagnetic, key to stainless steel and batteries."}, "https://codexery.com/food/e/food/rice/": {"t": "Rice", "s": "Staple grain for over half the world's population."}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-and-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/maize/": {"t": "Maize", "s": "Domesticated grass staple, key to global food and industry."}, "https://codexery.com/tree-species/e/tree-species/eucalyptus/": {"t": "Eucalyptus", "s": "The gum tree genus with over 700 species, known for its distinctive operculum and oil-rich leaves."}, "https://codexery.com/former-dutch-colonies/e/former-dutch-colonies/tidore/": {"t": "Tidore", "s": "Former sultanate and spice-trade center in eastern Indonesia."}, "https://codexery.com/coral-reefs/e/coral-reefs/raja-ampat-islands/": {"t": "Raja Ampat Islands", "s": "Archipelago in the Coral Triangle with the richest marine biodiversity on earth."}, "https://codexery.com/structural-geology-and-tectonics/e/structural-geology-and-tectonics/pacific-plate/": {"t": "Pacific plate", "s": "The largest tectonic plate, underlying most of the Pacific Ocean."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/medan/": {"t": "Medan", "s": "Capital of North Sumatra and a major Indonesian economic hub."}, "https://codexery.com/hinduism-and-jainism/e/hinduism-and-jainism/surya/": {"t": "Surya", "s": "Hindu solar deity and one of five major Smarta deities."}, "https://codexery.com/volcanology/e/volcanology/supervolcano/": {"t": "Supervolcano", "s": "A volcano with a VEI-8 eruption exceeding 1,000 cubic kilometers.", "i": "https://codexery.com/volcanology/img/volcanology/supervolcano.webp", "c": "O.V.E.R.V.I.E.W. · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/historical-eras/mesolithic/": {"t": "Mesolithic", "s": "Intermediate hunter-gatherer period between Paleolithic and Neolithic."}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/islands-and-archipelagos/penang/": {"t": "Penang", "s": "Malaysian state, leading exporter, densely populated, culturally diverse."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/tanjungpinang/": {"t": "Tanjungpinang", "s": "Historic Malay capital and trading hub on Bintan Island."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-cities/e/indonesian-cities/batam/": {"t": "Batam", "s": "Largest city in Riau Islands, industrial hub near Singapore."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/singapore/": {"t": "Singapore", "s": "The Lion City, a global hub of trade and finance."}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/seas-and-oceans/south-china-sea/": {"t": "South China Sea", "s": "A marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean, vital to global trade and fishing."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/asia/": {"t": "Asia", "s": "Largest continent by area and population, cradle of many civilisations."}, "https://codexery.com/dutch-cuisine/e/dutch-cuisine/dutch-cuisine/": {"t": "Dutch cuisine", "s": "Dutch cuisine blends dairy, seafood, and colonial influences."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/magnesium/": {"t": "Magnesium", "s": "Lightweight metal essential to life and industry."}, "https://codexery.com/international-relations-and-concepts/e/international-relations-and-concepts/hegemony/": {"t": "Hegemony", "s": "Predominance of one state over others, regionally or globally."}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars/": {"t": "Napoleonic Wars", "s": "Global conflicts from 1803 to 1815, featuring coalitions against Napoleon and French domination of Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/wars-and-conflicts/napoleonic-wars.webp", "c": "Ruedi33a · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/volcanic-mountains/e/volcanic-mountains/mount-merapi/": {"t": "Mount Merapi", "s": "Most active volcano in Indonesia, erupting regularly since 1548."}, "https://codexery.com/places-in-the-ramayana/e/places-in-the-ramayana/ayodhya-ramayana/": {"t": "Ayodhya (Ramayana)", "s": "Legendary capital of Rama in the Ramayana."}, "https://codexery.com/indonesian-inventions/e/indonesian-inventions/batik/": {"t": "Batik", "s": "Wax-resist dyeing technique with ancient roots and global influence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/indonesian-inventions/img/indonesian-inventions/batik.webp", "c": "Fpangestuphotographer · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-indonesia/e/world-heritage-sites-in-indonesia/kraton-ngayogyakarta-hadiningrat/": {"t": "Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat", "s": "Seat of the Sultan and heart of Javanese culture"}}