South Sulawesi
Province in southern Sulawesi, gateway to the spice trade.
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TUBS · via Wikipedia: South Sulawesi · CC BY-SA 3.0
South Sulawesi is the most populous province on the island of Sulawesi, with 46% of the island's population living there.[1] The main religion is Islam, practiced by 89.62% of the population.[2]
Geography and history
Humans first inhabited Sulawesi approximately 30,000 years ago.[3] Pebble and flake stone tools have been collected from river terraces in the Walanae valley.[3] A team of Australian and Indonesian researchers concluded that Indonesian rock art is at least 40,000 years old.[4] The oldest of Sulawesi's rock art includes red and mulberry-colored hand stencils and figurative animals.[4]
Gowa waged successful campaigns against the Bugis kingdoms, defeating Boné in 1611.[5] Caves situated near limestone formations around Maros, roughly 30 km northeast of Makassar, have yielded archaeological evidence of the region's first human inhabitants.[3] Within Pettakere cave, located 12 km from Maros and 30 km from Makassar, hand stencils have been dated to between 35,000 and 40,000 years old.[3] During the early 14th century, growing external demand for rice spurred a shift from swidden to intensive wet-rice farming, which drove agricultural expansion and political centralization.[6]
What the cited sources add
A 2014 Deutsche Welle article reports that Sulawesi's hand stencil, with a minimum age of 40,000 years, is the oldest surviving rock art known from outside Europe.[4] The same article notes that the figurative animals in Sulawesi's rock art include endemic fauna such as the warty pig and the dwarf bovid Anoa.[4] A 2022 Antara news report noted that a tornado in Maros district damaged 63 houses.[7] The same blog post lists Paruki as a traditional fabric and Tari Kipas as a traditional dance of the province.[8]
References
- Wikipedia, "South Sulawesi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "South Sulawesi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Indonesian Religion http://sp2010.bps.go.id/index.php/site/tabel?tid=321 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "South Sulawesi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Domínguez, "Indonesian cave paintings 'revolutionized our idea of human art'", Deutsche Welle, 9 October 2014; Volkman, "Sulawesi: Island crossroads of Indonesia", Passport Books, 1990 (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Domínguez, "Indonesian cave paintings 'revolutionized our idea of human art'", Deutsche Welle, 9 October 2014. facts only, no text reused. dw.de
- Wikipedia, "South Sulawesi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Andaya 1981, p. 22; Pelras 1996, p. 100–103 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "South Sulawesi" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Druce 2009, p. 34–36; Pelras 1996, p. 100–103 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- "Maros whirlwind: BPBD readies evacuation site for affected residents", Antara (news agency), 17 June 2022. facts only, no text reused. en.antaranews.com
- "The amazing culture, cross culture, tradition and identity of South Sulawesi", Jay School Blog. facts only, no text reused. jayschoolblog.weebly.com
Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article South Sulawesi (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.
More in Provinces Of Indonesia
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Sources
Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.
- Wikipedia: South Sulawesi (CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Word definitions: the Codexery glossary, each quoted from its Wikipedia article.
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