Hamadryas baboon
Northernmost baboon, sacred in ancient Egyptian religion.
Last updated
Males have a silver-white mane and are nearly twice as large as females.[1] Papio hamadryas belongs to the taxonomic family Cercopithecidae, which comprises Old World monkeys.[2][3]
Scientific classification
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumChordata
- InfraclassPlacentalia
- OrderPrimates
- FamilyCercopithecidae
- GenusPapio
- SpeciesPapio hamadryas
Named by (Linnaeus, 1758)
Sources: Wikipedia taxobox: Hamadryas baboon (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Conservation status
Least Concern (LC)
- LC▲ this species
- NT
- VU
- EN
- CR
- EW
- EX
Source: IUCN Red List assessment · GBIF copy of the Red List category
How big is it?
Largest length in the source, 0.8 m, next to a 1.8 m person.
Diagram: drawn by Codexery, schematic shapes to scale (not a likeness). Length: Wikipedia: Hamadryas baboon
Biology and range
From Eritrea, the species' distribution stretches across Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Somalia.[4] No hamadryas baboons remain in Egypt.[5] Cliffs are necessary for sleeping in the arid, savanna, and rocky environments this species occupies.[5] Dobera glabra leaves and sisal leaves are eaten during dry periods.[6]
A multilevel society, comprising four distinct social levels, is the social structure of this baboon.[7] One-male units, also called harems, which consist of a single male and up to ten females, are the primary setting for social interactions.[7]
What the specialist sources record
The Animal Diversity Web account notes that hamadryas baboons are found in Ethiopia, Somalia, and Eritrea.[8] It describes the basic social unit as the one-male unit (OMU).[8] Males "respect" the social bond between other males and their female affiliates.[8] Females do not readily consort with single males.[8]
The maximum lifespan in captivity is 37.6 years.[8] Bands of baboons compete for sleeping sites and water holes.[8]
References
- Wikipedia, "Hamadryas baboon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Butynski 2013; Swedell 2015; "Sacred Baboon (Papio hamadryas)", World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Hamadryas baboon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: ; Aerts 2019 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- GBIF Backbone Taxonomy and occurrence index, Papio hamadryas (taxon key 5219586). CC BY 4.0 (backbone); counts are facts. gbif.org
- Wikipedia, "Hamadryas baboon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Aerts 2019 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Hamadryas baboon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Gippoliti, S., "Papio hamadryas", 2019; Teller 2012 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Hamadryas baboon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Swedell 2002:b; "Papio hamadryas (hamadryas baboon)", Animal Diversity Web (we also read that source) en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, "Hamadryas baboon" (CC BY-SA 4.0), which cites: Kummer, 1968; Swedell 2006; Stammbach, 1987; Schreier and Swedell 2009; Städele, Pines, Swedell, and Vigilant 2016; Sigg and Stolba et al. 1982; Abegglen, 1984 (original not read by us) en.wikipedia.org
- "Papio hamadryas (hamadryas baboon)", Animal Diversity Web. facts only, no text reused. animaldiversity.org
Each numbered sentence above was checked against the source it cites before publication. Sentences citing Wikipedia adapt text from the English Wikipedia article Hamadryas baboon (contributors), used under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is available under the same licence. Other sources were used for facts only; no text or images are copied from them.
More in Primates
Sources
Compiled from Wikipedia and the sources listed below. Text from Wikipedia is available under CC BY-SA 4.0; this entry is adapted from it.
- Wikipedia: Hamadryas baboon (CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Conservation status: IUCN Red List assessment.
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