[{"n": "Mughal Empire", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/mughal-empire/", "s": "An early modern empire in South Asia, founded in 1526."}, {"n": "Mutapa Empire", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/mutapa-empire/", "s": "Shona empire on the northern Zimbabwean Plateau."}, {"n": "Nok culture", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/nok-culture/", "s": "Early West African culture known for terracotta sculptures and ironworking."}, {"n": "Nubia", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/nubia/", "s": "Ancient African region along the Nile, home to the Kerma culture and Kingdom of Kush."}, {"n": "Odrysian kingdom", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/odrysian-kingdom/", "s": "The first large Thracian state, from the 5th century BC to Roman annexation."}, {"n": "Oyo Empire", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/oyo-empire/", "s": "A major Yoruba empire dominating West Africa through cavalry and trade."}, {"n": "Parthian Empire", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/parthian-empire/", "s": "The Arsacid Iranian power that ruled from 247 BC to 224 AD and stood astride the Silk Road."}, {"n": "Ptolemaic Kingdom", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/ptolemaic-kingdom/", "s": "The Greek-ruled Egyptian kingdom of the Ptolemies, from Ptolemy I in 305 BC to Cleopatra VII in 30 BC."}, {"n": "Qin dynasty", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/qin-dynasty/", "s": "First imperial dynasty of China, unifying the Warring States."}, {"n": "Qing dynasty", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/qing-dynasty/", "s": "The Qing dynasty, also called the Great Qing or Qing China, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty that ruled from "}, {"n": "Sasanian Empire", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/sasanian-empire/", "s": "Iranian empire lasting from 224 to 651 AD."}, {"n": "Satavahana dynasty", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/satavahana-dynasty/", "s": "Ancient Indian dynasty bridging northern and southern Deccan."}, {"n": "Seleucid Empire", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/seleucid-empire/", "s": "Greek state in West Asia founded by Seleucus I Nicator in 312 BC, annexed by the Roman Republic in 63 BC."}, {"n": "Shang dynasty", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/shang-dynasty/", "s": "Earliest Chinese dynasty confirmed by archaeology and written records."}, {"n": "Song dynasty", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/song-dynasty/", "s": "Chinese dynasty that pioneered paper money and gunpowder weapons."}, {"n": "Songhai Empire", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/songhai-empire/", "s": "A large Sahelian empire at its peak in the 15th–16th centuries."}, {"n": "Sui dynasty", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/sui-dynasty/", "s": "Brief dynasty that reunified China and shaped the Tang golden age."}, {"n": "Tang dynasty", "u": "/e/pre-columbian-empires/tang-dynasty/", "s": "The Tang dynasty governed China from 618 to 907, with a break between 690 and 705."}]