[{"n": "Altitude", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/altitude/", "s": "Vertical distance measurement with context-dependent definitions and critical aviation applications."}, {"n": "Elevation", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/elevation/", "s": "Height of Earth's surface above a reference geoid."}, {"n": "Height above mean sea level", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/height-above-mean-sea-level/", "s": "Vertical distance referenced to historic mean sea level."}, {"n": "Topography", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/topography/", "s": "Study of land surface forms and features."}, {"n": "Terrain", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/terrain/", "s": "The dimension and shape of a given land surface."}, {"n": "Contour line", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/contour-line/", "s": "Lines joining points of equal value on maps and graphs."}, {"n": "Hypsometry", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/hypsometry/", "s": "Measurement of Earth's surface elevation and depth relative to sea level."}, {"n": "Digital elevation model", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/digital-elevation-model/", "s": "3D computer graphics representation of elevation data for terrain."}, {"n": "Grade (slope)", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/grade-slope/", "s": "Grade measures steepness as angle, percentage, or ratio."}, {"n": "Bathymetry", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/bathymetry/", "s": "Study of underwater depth of ocean, river, and lake floors."}, {"n": "Shuttle Radar Topography Mission", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/shuttle-radar-topography-mission/", "s": "Space shuttle mission that mapped Earth's topography in high resolution."}, {"n": "Geodetic datum", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/geodetic-datum/", "s": "A reference frame for unambiguously representing Earth positions."}, {"n": "Physical geodesy", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/physical-geodesy/", "s": "Study of Earth's gravity and its potential field."}, {"n": "Geoid", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/geoid/", "s": "The geoid is the irregular equipotential surface of Earth's gravity."}, {"n": "Kerguelen Plateau", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/kerguelen-plateau/", "s": "A large igneous plateau in the Indian Ocean."}, {"n": "Zealandia", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/zealandia/", "s": "A mostly submerged continent in Oceania, nearly the size of Australia."}, {"n": "Antarctic", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/antarctic/", "s": "Polar region surrounding the South Pole, governed by international treaty."}, {"n": "Antarctic Circle", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/antarctic-circle/", "s": "Southernmost major latitude circle marking the Antarctic region."}, {"n": "Polar regions", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/polar-regions/", "s": "Earth's frigid zones around the North and South Poles."}, {"n": "Subantarctic", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/subantarctic/", "s": "Subantarctic region: islands and waters north of the Antarctic Convergence."}, {"n": "Subarctic", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/subarctic/", "s": "Subarctic: a cold, sparsely populated region of taiga, permafrost, and mineral wealth."}, {"n": "Tropics", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/tropics/", "s": "The region between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn."}, {"n": "Subtropics", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/subtropics/", "s": "Climate zones between tropics and temperate regions, with hot summers and mild winters."}, {"n": "Tropic of Cancer", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/tropic-of-cancer/", "s": "Northernmost latitude where the Sun appears directly overhead."}, {"n": "Tropic of Capricorn", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/tropic-of-capricorn/", "s": "The southernmost latitude where the Sun can be seen directly overhead."}, {"n": "Equator", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/equator/", "s": "Imaginary line dividing Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres."}, {"n": "Circle of latitude", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/circle-of-latitude/", "s": "Parallels of latitude: the abstract circles that gird the Earth."}, {"n": "Geographical zone", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/geographical-zone/", "s": "Earth's five main latitude regions, divided by major circles of latitude, define climatic zones from the frigi"}, {"n": "North Pole", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/north-pole/", "s": "Northernmost point on Earth, located in the Arctic Ocean."}, {"n": "South Pole", "u": "/e/physical-geography-and-elevation/south-pole/", "s": "Southernmost point on Earth, defined by the axis of rotation."}]