{"/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/diogenes/": {"t": "Diogenes", "s": "Ancient Greek Cynic philosopher who challenged social conventions."}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/nietzsche/": {"t": "Nietzsche", "s": "German philosopher who critiqued morality, religion, and truth."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/ancient-greek-philosophy/": {"t": "ancient-greek-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/ephesus/": {"t": "Ephesus", "s": "Ancient Greek city on the Ionian coast, home to the Temple of Artemis and a UNESCO World Heritage Site."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/part-1/achaemenid-empire/": {"t": "achaemenid-empire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/e/part-1/plato/": {"t": "plato", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/aristotle/": {"t": "Aristotle", "s": "Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath, founder of the Peripatetic school."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/stoicism/": {"t": "stoicism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/georg-wilhelm-friedrich-hegel/": {"t": "Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel", "s": "German philosopher and major figure in German idealism"}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/martin-heidegger/": {"t": "Martin Heidegger", "s": "German philosopher who reshaped phenomenology and existentialism."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/democritus/": {"t": "Democritus", "s": "The laughing philosopher who developed atomism from Leucippus's ideas."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-logicians/e/part-1/parmenides/": {"t": "parmenides", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/thales-of-miletus/": {"t": "Thales of Miletus", "s": "First philosopher of the Greek tradition, sage, and natural philosopher."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/anaximander/": {"t": "Anaximander", "s": "Pre-Socratic philosopher who introduced the apeiron and advanced early science."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-and-medieval-historians-and-phil/e/part-1/anaximenes-of-miletus/": {"t": "anaximenes-of-miletus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/part-1/anatolia/": {"t": "anatolia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/darius-the-great/": {"t": "Darius the Great", "s": "Third Achaemenid King of Kings who centralized the empire."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-cities/e/part-1/miletus/": {"t": "miletus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-cultural-concepts/e/part-1/aristocracy/": {"t": "aristocracy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/greek-inventions/e/part-1/democracy/": {"t": "democracy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/solon/": {"t": "Solon", "s": "Athenian lawmaker and poet who laid foundations for democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/part-1/sacrifice/": {"t": "sacrifice", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/part-1/funeral/": {"t": "funeral", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/homer/": {"t": "Homer", "s": "Ancient Greek poet traditionally credited with the Iliad and the Odyssey"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/hesiod/": {"t": "Hesiod", "s": "Ancient Greek poet, author of Theogony and Works and Days", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/notable/hesiod.webp", "c": "Yair Haklai · via Wikipedia: Hesiod · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/part-1/suicide/": {"t": "suicide", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-reformers-and-mystics/e/part-1/tertullian/": {"t": "tertullian", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/plutarch/": {"t": "Plutarch", "s": "Greek and Roman philosopher, historian, and priest of Apollo"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/clement-of-alexandria/": {"t": "Clement of Alexandria", "s": "Christian theologian and philosopher who taught at the Catechetical School of Alexandria, known for blending Hellenistic philosophy with Christian doctrine."}, "https://codexery.com/cosmology-concepts/e/part-1/universe/": {"t": "universe", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/part-1/politics/": {"t": "politics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/dialectic/": {"t": "dialectic", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/ethics/": {"t": "ethics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/euripides/": {"t": "Euripides", "s": "The most tragic of poets"}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/part-1/underwater-diving/": {"t": "Underwater diving", "s": "Underwater diving is the practice of descending below the water's surface."}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/talcott-parsons/": {"t": "Talcott Parsons", "s": "American sociologist known for social action theory and structural functionalism."}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-and-reference/e/part-1/on-the-origin-of-species/": {"t": "On the Origin of Species", "s": "Foundation of evolutionary biology, introducing natural selection."}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/part-1/natural-selection/": {"t": "natural-selection", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/methodism/": {"t": "methodism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/quakers/": {"t": "quakers", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/george-eliot/": {"t": "George Eliot", "s": "English novelist of the Victorian era, known for realism and psychological insight."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/isaac-newton/": {"t": "Isaac Newton", "s": "English polymath who formulated laws of motion and universal gravitation."}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health/e/part-1/hypochondria/": {"t": "hypochondria", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/karl-marx/": {"t": "Karl Marx", "s": "German philosopher and revolutionary socialist who developed Marxism."}, "https://codexery.com/theological-and-philosophical-debates/e/part-1/agnosticism/": {"t": "Agnosticism", "s": "A stance questioning the existence of God or the divine."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/bertrand-russell/": {"t": "Bertrand Russell", "s": "English philosopher, logician, and social reformer"}, "https://codexery.com/political-theorists-and-social-scientist/e/part-1/lester-frank-ward/": {"t": "lester-frank-ward", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-theorists-and-social-scientist/e/part-1/max-weber/": {"t": "max-weber", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/theological-and-philosophical-debates/e/part-1/deism/": {"t": "Deism", "s": "The belief, based solely upon logic and observation, that a Supreme Being created the universe."}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy-space/e/part-1/nebular-hypothesis/": {"t": "nebular-hypothesis", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/planets-stellar-astronomy/e/part-1/solar-system/": {"t": "solar-system", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/murray-rothbard/": {"t": "Murray Rothbard", "s": "Founder of anarcho-capitalism and key figure in the 20th-century American libertarian movement."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/benjamin-disraeli/": {"t": "Benjamin Disraeli", "s": "British statesman, Conservative politician and writer who twice served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom."}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/al-farabi/": {"t": "Al-Farabi", "s": "Early Islamic philosopher and music theorist, known as the 'Second Master'."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/al-ghazali/": {"t": "Al-Ghazali", "s": "Proof of Islam and renewer of the faith"}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-mystics/e/part-1/ibn-hazm/": {"t": "ibn-hazm", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/niccol-machiavelli/": {"t": "Niccolò Machiavelli", "s": "Florentine diplomat and author of The Prince.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/img/philosophers-and-thinkers/niccol-machiavelli.webp", "c": "Krzysztof Golik · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/part-1/middle-ages/": {"t": "middle-ages", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-and-reference/e/part-1/muqaddimah/": {"t": "Muqaddimah", "s": "The Muqaddimah (Arabic: مقدّمة, meaning \"the introduction\") is a 14th-century Arabic treatise covering historiography, sociology, and the philosophy of history,"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/giambattista-vico/": {"t": "giambattista-vico", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/david-hume/": {"t": "David Hume", "s": "Scottish philosopher known for empiricism and scepticism."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/david-ricardo/": {"t": "David Ricardo", "s": "Classical economist who championed free trade and comparative advantage."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/adam-smith/": {"t": "Adam Smith", "s": "Scottish economist and philosopher, father of modern economics"}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/ramadan/": {"t": "ramadan", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/part-1/reconquista/": {"t": "reconquista", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/hajj/": {"t": "hajj", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/e/part-1/the-black-death/": {"t": "the-black-death", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/maliki-school/": {"t": "maliki-school", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions-criticism/e/part-1/hafiz-quran/": {"t": "hafiz-quran", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/quran/": {"t": "quran", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/islamic-philosophy/": {"t": "islamic-philosophy", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/averroes/": {"t": "Averroes", "s": "Andalusian polymath and jurist, known as 'The Commentator' for his commentaries on Aristotle."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/avicenna/": {"t": "Avicenna", "s": "Preeminent philosopher and physician of the Islamic Golden Age."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/part-1/epidemic/": {"t": "epidemic", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-settlements/e/part-1/fez-morocco/": {"t": "fez-morocco", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions-criticism/e/part-1/fatwa/": {"t": "fatwa", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/social-identity-prejudice/e/part-1/racism/": {"t": "racism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/sufism/": {"t": "sufism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/part-1/harvard-university/": {"t": "Harvard University", "s": "Oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/part-1/harvard-university.webp", "c": "Daderot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-traditions/e/part-1/deconstruction/": {"t": "deconstruction", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/ferdinand-de-saussure/": {"t": "Ferdinand de Saussure", "s": "Swiss linguist and semiotician who laid the foundation for 20th-century linguistics and semiotics."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/edmund-husserl/": {"t": "Edmund Husserl", "s": "Austrian and German philosopher who founded phenomenology."}, "https://codexery.com/historiography-methods/e/part-1/historiography/": {"t": "historiography", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/part-1/continental-europe/": {"t": "continental-europe", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-traditions/e/part-1/continental-philosophy/": {"t": "continental-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/epistemology/": {"t": "epistemology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/aesthetics/": {"t": "aesthetics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/part-1/hermeneutics/": {"t": "hermeneutics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/part-1/anglosphere/": {"t": "anglosphere", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/analytic-philosophy/": {"t": "analytic-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/part-1/algiers/": {"t": "algiers", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/charlie-chaplin/": {"t": "Charlie Chaplin", "s": "The Tramp who conquered cinema."}, "https://codexery.com/social-identity-prejudice/e/part-1/antisemitism/": {"t": "antisemitism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-topics/e/part-1/vichy-france/": {"t": "Vichy France", "s": "French rump state headed by Philippe Pétain during World War II."}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/jean-jacques-rousseau/": {"t": "Jean-Jacques Rousseau", "s": "Genevan philosopher whose ideas shaped modern political and educational thought.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/img/philosophers-and-thinkers/jean-jacques-rousseau.webp", "c": "Allan Ramsay · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/nobel-and-booker-prize-laureates/e/part-1/andr-gide/": {"t": "andr-gide", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/albert-camus/": {"t": "Albert Camus", "s": "French philosopher and Nobel laureate, key figure in absurdism."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/jean-paul-sartre/": {"t": "Jean-Paul Sartre", "s": "French existentialist philosopher, political activist, and writer"}, "https://codexery.com/political-theorists-and-social-scientist/e/part-1/louis-althusser/": {"t": "louis-althusser", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/e/part-1/leuven/": {"t": "Leuven", "s": "Capital of Flemish Brabant, oldest university city in the Low Countries."}, "https://codexery.com/modernist-prose-masters/e/part-1/james-joyce/": {"t": "james-joyce", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-works/e/part-1/ulysses-novel/": {"t": "ulysses-novel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/gaston-bachelard/": {"t": "gaston-bachelard", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/georges-canguilhem/": {"t": "georges-canguilhem", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-logicians/e/part-1/paul-ric-ur/": {"t": "paul-ric-ur", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/part-1/cultural-revolution/": {"t": "cultural-revolution", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/part-1/johns-hopkins-university/": {"t": "Johns Hopkins University", "s": "First U.S. research university, founded by a Quaker philanthropist.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities/img/part-1/johns-hopkins-university.webp", "c": "Daderot · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-psychiatrists/e/part-1/jacques-lacan/": {"t": "jacques-lacan", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/willard-van-orman-quine/": {"t": "Willard Van Orman Quine", "s": "American logician and philosopher who developed naturalized epistemology"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/jean-baudrillard/": {"t": "jean-baudrillard", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/hans-georg-gadamer/": {"t": "Hans-Georg Gadamer", "s": "German philosopher of hermeneutics, author of Truth and Method"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-uprisings/e/part-1/french-revolution/": {"t": "french-revolution", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/e/part-1/private-property/": {"t": "private-property", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophy-theory/e/part-1/the-social-contract/": {"t": "the-social-contract", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/art-movements/e/part-1/romanticism/": {"t": "romanticism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/european-religious-and-political-conflic/e/part-1/huguenots/": {"t": "huguenots", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/reformed-christianity/": {"t": "reformed-christianity", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/part-1/piedmont/": {"t": "piedmont", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/visual-arts-and-artworks/e/part-1/typography/": {"t": "Typography", "s": "The art and technique of arranging type for legibility, readability, and beauty."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/denis-diderot/": {"t": "Denis Diderot", "s": "Co-founder and chief editor of the Encyclopédie, a key figure of the Enlightenment."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/e/part-1/voltaire/": {"t": "voltaire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/edmund-burke/": {"t": "Edmund Burke", "s": "Anglo-Irish writer, philosopher, and politician; widely credited as the founder of conservatism."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts-and-theories/e/part-1/materialism/": {"t": "materialism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/pragmatism/": {"t": "pragmatism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychology/e/part-1/functional-psychology/": {"t": "functional-psychology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts-and-theories/e/part-1/metaphysics/": {"t": "metaphysics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/charles-sanders-peirce/": {"t": "Charles Sanders Peirce", "s": "American scientist, mathematician, logician, and philosopher; father of pragmatism"}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-psychiatrists/e/part-1/g-stanley-hall/": {"t": "g-stanley-hall", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/immanuel-kant/": {"t": "Immanuel Kant", "s": "Central thinker of the Enlightenment, known for transcendental idealism and the categorical imperative."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/empiricism/": {"t": "empiricism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/carl-rogers/": {"t": "Carl Rogers", "s": "Founder of person-centered psychotherapy and a pioneer of humanistic psychology."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/charles-a-beard/": {"t": "Charles A. Beard", "s": "Historian who reinterpreted the Constitution through economic motives."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/thorstein-veblen/": {"t": "Thorstein Veblen", "s": "American economist and sociologist who coined 'conspicuous consumption' and founded institutional economics."}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/part-1/shandong/": {"t": "Shandong", "s": "Coastal province, cradle of Confucianism and Taoism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/img/part-1/shandong.webp", "c": "Mary Harrsch · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-of-1917-1923/e/part-1/may-fourth-movement/": {"t": "may-fourth-movement", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/revolutionary-leaders-icons/e/part-1/sun-yat-sen/": {"t": "sun-yat-sen", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/part-1/mao-zedong/": {"t": "mao-zedong", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/e/part-1/pretoria/": {"t": "pretoria", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/contemporary-philosophy/": {"t": "contemporary-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/maryland/": {"t": "Maryland", "s": "A Mid-Atlantic state with diverse geography and high median income.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/part-1/maryland.webp", "c": "Michael Wheeler · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/part-1/second-world-war/": {"t": "second-world-war", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islands-and-archipelagos/e/part-1/new-guinea/": {"t": "new-guinea", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/japanese-cities/e/part-1/hiroshima/": {"t": "hiroshima", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-logicians/e/part-1/thomas-nagel/": {"t": "thomas-nagel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/milton-friedman/": {"t": "Milton Friedman", "s": "American economist and Nobel laureate who championed monetarism and free-market policies."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/thomas-hobbes/": {"t": "Thomas Hobbes", "s": "English philosopher and political theorist, author of Leviathan"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/john-locke/": {"t": "John Locke", "s": "Father of liberalism and influential Enlightenment thinker"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/robert-nozick/": {"t": "Robert Nozick", "s": "Libertarian philosopher and author of Anarchy, State, and Utopia"}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/part-1/medieval-philosophy/": {"t": "medieval-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/christianity/": {"t": "christianity", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/protestantism/": {"t": "protestantism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/european-religious-and-political-conflic/e/part-1/english-reformation/": {"t": "english-reformation", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/part-1/iconoclasm/": {"t": "iconoclasm", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/jan-hus/": {"t": "Jan Hus", "s": "Czech reformer and inspiration of Hussitism"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/part-1/archbishop-of-canterbury/": {"t": "archbishop-of-canterbury", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/part-1/lincolnshire/": {"t": "lincolnshire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/part-1/leicestershire/": {"t": "leicestershire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/john-of-gaunt/": {"t": "John of Gaunt", "s": "English prince, military leader and statesman; founder of the House of Lancaster.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/john-of-gaunt.webp", "c": "Said variously to be attributed to Lucas Cornelisz de Kock (1495–1552) (who however died 41 years before the painting is said (by Oliver Harris, 2010) to have b · via Wikipedia: John of Gaunt · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/gospel/": {"t": "gospel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/e/part-1/gospel-of-matthew/": {"t": "gospel-of-matthew", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/bible/e/gospels/luke/": {"t": "Luke", "s": "The third canonical Gospel, first half of Luke-Acts, tracing Jesus from birth to ascension.", "i": "https://codexery.com/bible/img/gospels/luke.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Gospel of Luke · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/e/part-1/gospel-of-john/": {"t": "gospel-of-john", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/catholic-church/": {"t": "catholic-church", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/eastern-orthodox-church/": {"t": "eastern-orthodox-church", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/anglicanism/": {"t": "anglicanism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/part-1/lutheranism/": {"t": "lutheranism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/christian-monasticism/": {"t": "christian-monasticism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/damascus/": {"t": "Damascus", "s": "The oldest capital city in the world, nestled at the foothills of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/jerusalem/": {"t": "Jerusalem", "s": "A holy city to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and a focal point of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict."}, "https://codexery.com/crime-justice/e/part-1/law/": {"t": "law", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/christian-philosophy/": {"t": "christian-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/eastern-christianity/": {"t": "eastern-christianity", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/indian-folklore/e/part-1/barlaam-and-josaphat/": {"t": "barlaam-and-josaphat", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/heraclius/": {"t": "Heraclius", "s": "Byzantine emperor who defeated the Persians but lost newly regained lands to the Arab conquests."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-rulers-of-africa-and-the-near-ea/e/part-1/abd-al-malik-ibn-marwan/": {"t": "abd-al-malik-ibn-marwan", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/persian-arabic-poets/e/part-1/al-akhtal-al-taghlibi/": {"t": "al-akhtal-al-taghlibi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/euclid/": {"t": "Euclid", "s": "Ancient Greek mathematician, author of the Elements."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/leo-iii-the-isaurian/": {"t": "Leo III the Isaurian", "s": "Byzantine emperor who ended anarchy and banned icon veneration."}, "https://codexery.com/historic-and-sacred-architecture/e/part-1/mount-athos/": {"t": "mount-athos", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/arianism/": {"t": "arianism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/part-1/aphrodite/": {"t": "aphrodite", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/part-1/polygamy/": {"t": "polygamy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/part-1/duke-university/": {"t": "Duke University", "s": "A private research university in Durham, North Carolina, founded in 1838.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/part-1/duke-university.webp", "c": "Ildar Sagdejev ( Specious ) · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/psychology/e/part-1/industrial-and-organizational-psychology/": {"t": "industrial-and-organizational-psychology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/part-1/humboldt-university-of-berlin/": {"t": "Humboldt University of Berlin", "s": "A public research university in Berlin, Germany, known for pioneering the Humboldtian model of higher education.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities/img/part-1/humboldt-university-of-berlin.webp", "c": "Neuköllner · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/poland/": {"t": "Poland", "s": "A Central European nation with a rich history, from the Piast dynasty to the Solidarity movement."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/berlin/": {"t": "Berlin", "s": "The heart of Europe, a city of culture and history."}, "https://codexery.com/hygiene-and-personal-care/e/part-1/hair-loss/": {"t": "hair-loss", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/part-1/world-war-i/": {"t": "world-war-i", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychology/e/part-1/gestalt-psychology/": {"t": "gestalt-psychology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/part-1/hebrew-university-of-jerusalem/": {"t": "Hebrew University of Jerusalem", "s": "Second-oldest Israeli university, co-founded by Einstein and Weizmann.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/part-1/hebrew-university-of-jerusalem.webp", "c": "Unknown author · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/experience/": {"t": "experience", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/social-scientists-and-sociologists/e/part-1/paul-lazarsfeld/": {"t": "paul-lazarsfeld", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/economic-and-social-concepts/e/part-1/laissez-faire/": {"t": "laissez-faire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/part-1/german-language/": {"t": "german-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/part-1/hebrew-language/": {"t": "hebrew-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/territories-of-the-republic-of-venice/e/part-1/padua/": {"t": "Padua", "s": "Ancient city, home to a 1222 university and the world's oldest botanical garden."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/s-ren-kierkegaard/": {"t": "Søren Kierkegaard", "s": "Danish philosopher, theologian, and first existentialist"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/bible/": {"t": "bible", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/activists-social-reformers/e/part-1/theodor-herzl/": {"t": "theodor-herzl", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/e/part-1/pope-john-xxiii/": {"t": "pope-john-xxiii", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/prague/": {"t": "Prague", "s": "City of a Hundred Spires"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/herbert-marcuse/": {"t": "herbert-marcuse", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/hannah-arendt/": {"t": "hannah-arendt", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/jacques-derrida/": {"t": "Jacques Derrida", "s": "French philosopher who developed deconstruction, influencing humanities and social sciences.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/img/philosophers-and-thinkers/jacques-derrida.webp", "c": "Frege-Pierre Dubois · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/duns-scotus/": {"t": "Duns Scotus", "s": "Scottish Franciscan philosopher and theologian, known for univocity of being, formal distinction, and haecceity."}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-philosophy/e/part-1/being-and-time/": {"t": "being-and-time", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/existence/": {"t": "existence", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-logicians/e/part-1/richard-rorty/": {"t": "richard-rorty", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/franz-brentano/": {"t": "franz-brentano", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/protestant-reformers-theologians/e/part-1/paul-tillich/": {"t": "paul-tillich", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-theorists-and-social-scientist/e/part-1/leo-strauss/": {"t": "leo-strauss", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/paul-the-apostle/": {"t": "Paul the Apostle", "s": "Apostle to the Gentiles and author of many New Testament epistles."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/augustine-of-hippo/": {"t": "Augustine of Hippo", "s": "Influential Christian theologian and philosopher of the Patristic Period."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/friedrich-h-lderlin/": {"t": "friedrich-h-lderlin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/part-1/rhine/": {"t": "rhine", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/news-media/e/part-1/der-spiegel/": {"t": "der-spiegel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/hubert-dreyfus/": {"t": "hubert-dreyfus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health-psychology/e/part-1/angst/": {"t": "angst", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/heraclitus/": {"t": "Heraclitus", "s": "Pre-Socratic philosopher known for his doctrine of universal flux.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/img/philosophers-and-thinkers/heraclitus.webp", "c": "Vienna Porcelain Manufactory (Austria, Vienna, active 18th century), Johann Chri · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/classical-philosophy-rhetoric/e/part-1/metaphysics-aristotle/": {"t": "metaphysics-aristotle", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-philosophy/e/part-1/a-vindication-of-the-rights-of-woman/": {"t": "a-vindication-of-the-rights-of-woman", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health/e/part-1/postpartum-depression/": {"t": "postpartum-depression", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/lisbon/": {"t": "Lisbon", "s": "Capital of Portugal, second-oldest European capital, and a global city on the Tagus River."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/thomas-paine/": {"t": "Thomas Paine", "s": "The firebrand pamphleteer who ignited revolutions on both sides of the Atlantic."}, "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-nobility/e/part-1/marie-antoinette/": {"t": "marie-antoinette", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/honor-gabriel-riqueti-comte-de-mirabeau/": {"t": "Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau", "s": "French writer, orator, and statesman; a prominent figure of the early French Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/part-1/louis-xvi/": {"t": "louis-xvi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/part-1/freedom-of-the-press/": {"t": "freedom-of-the-press", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-of-europe/e/part-1/river-thames/": {"t": "river-thames", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-anatomy/e/part-1/placenta/": {"t": "placenta", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-novels-and-classics/e/part-1/pride-and-prejudice/": {"t": "pride-and-prejudice", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/british-literary-classics/e/part-1/persuasion-novel/": {"t": "persuasion-novel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-leaders-revolutionaries/e/part-1/elizabeth-cady-stanton/": {"t": "elizabeth-cady-stanton", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-social-scientists/e/part-1/harry-harlow/": {"t": "harry-harlow", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/part-1/human-sexuality/": {"t": "human-sexuality", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health-psychology/e/part-1/behaviorism/": {"t": "behaviorism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychology/e/part-1/humanistic-psychology/": {"t": "humanistic-psychology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/part-1/myocardial-infarction/": {"t": "myocardial-infarction", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/medications-and-pharmacology/e/part-1/psilocybin/": {"t": "psilocybin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/abraham-lincoln/": {"t": "Abraham Lincoln", "s": "16th president who led the Union through the Civil War and abolished slavery."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/albert-einstein/": {"t": "Albert Einstein", "s": "Theoretical physicist who developed relativity and E=mc²"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/henry-david-thoreau/": {"t": "Henry David Thoreau", "s": "American naturalist, essayist, poet, and philosopher"}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health-psychology/e/part-1/clinical-psychology/": {"t": "clinical-psychology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health-psychology/e/part-1/cognitive-behavioral-therapy/": {"t": "cognitive-behavioral-therapy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/pennsylvania/": {"t": "Pennsylvania", "s": "Fifth-most populous U.S. state, founded as a haven for tolerance."}, "https://codexery.com/j-cole/e/places/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "Where the brown-bulleted J and Z trains run 24/7 between Queens and Lower Manhattan, with skip-stop patterns dating to 1988.", "i": "https://codexery.com/j-cole/img/places/new-york-city.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: J/Z (New York City Subway service) · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/part-1/galicia-eastern-europe/": {"t": "galicia-eastern-europe", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/part-1/diabetes/": {"t": "diabetes", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-psychiatrists/e/part-1/erich-fromm/": {"t": "erich-fromm", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-social-scientists/e/part-1/harry-stack-sullivan/": {"t": "harry-stack-sullivan", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-psychiatrists/e/part-1/fritz-perls/": {"t": "fritz-perls", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/humanism/": {"t": "humanism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/relationships-and-human-sexuality/e/part-1/homosexuality/": {"t": "homosexuality", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/emotions/e/part-1/emotion/": {"t": "emotion", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ethics-morality/e/part-1/honesty/": {"t": "honesty", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/theatre-and-performance/e/part-1/performing-arts/": {"t": "Performing arts", "s": "Live performance across theatre, dance, music, and more."}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions-criticism/e/part-1/islamic-world/": {"t": "islamic-world", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-traditions/e/part-1/aristotelianism/": {"t": "aristotelianism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/e/part-1/mulla-sadra/": {"t": "mulla-sadra", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/maimonides/": {"t": "Maimonides", "s": "Sephardic Jewish rabbi, philosopher, and physician of the Middle Ages"}, "https://codexery.com/early-church-fathers-and-saints/e/part-1/albertus-magnus/": {"t": "albertus-magnus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-and-medieval-historians-and-phil/e/part-1/al-masudi/": {"t": "al-masudi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/part-1/syr-darya/": {"t": "syr-darya", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/part-1/amu-darya/": {"t": "amu-darya", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/part-1/silk-road/": {"t": "silk-road", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/e/part-1/bukhara/": {"t": "bukhara", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/part-1/persian-language/": {"t": "persian-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/part-1/persians/": {"t": "persians", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-civilizations/e/part-1/sogdia/": {"t": "sogdia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/part-1/turkic-peoples/": {"t": "turkic-peoples", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historiography-methods/e/part-1/historian/": {"t": "historian", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/al-biruni/": {"t": "Al-Biruni", "s": "Khwarazmian Iranic polymath of the Islamic Golden Age, known for astronomy, comparative religion, and geodesy."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-logicians/e/part-1/porphyry-of-tyre/": {"t": "porphyry-of-tyre", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/part-1/ptolemaic-kingdom/": {"t": "ptolemaic-kingdom", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rome/e/people/cleopatra/": {"t": "Cleopatra", "s": "The Serpent's Kiss: A Queen who shaped the fate of Rome and Egypt."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/part-1/aleppo/": {"t": "aleppo", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/twelve-imams/": {"t": "twelve-imams", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/pharmacology-and-therapeutics/e/part-1/pharmacology/": {"t": "pharmacology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/science-and-technology/e/part-1/meteorology/": {"t": "meteorology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/indian-inventions/e/part-1/hindu-arabic-numeral-system/": {"t": "hindu-arabic-numeral-system", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/e/part-1/al-ma-mun/": {"t": "al-ma-mun", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/e/part-1/al-mu-tasim/": {"t": "al-mu-tasim", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-forms-tropes/e/part-1/bibliography/": {"t": "bibliography", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/roger-bacon/": {"t": "Roger Bacon", "s": "Medieval English polymath and early advocate of empiricism"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/ibn-al-haytham/": {"t": "Ibn al-Haytham", "s": "Father of modern optics and pioneer of the scientific method"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/galen/": {"t": "Galen", "s": "Roman and Greek physician whose medical theories dominated for over 1,300 years."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-logicians/e/part-1/plotinus/": {"t": "plotinus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/tawhid/": {"t": "tawhid", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts/e/part-1/economics/": {"t": "economics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/classical-philosophy-rhetoric/e/part-1/principia-mathematica/": {"t": "principia-mathematica", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/part-1/environmental-ethics/": {"t": "environmental-ethics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/part-1/kent/": {"t": "kent", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/part-1/imperial-college-london/": {"t": "Imperial College London", "s": "Public research university formed from 1907 mergers in South Kensington."}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-philosophy/e/part-1/critique-of-pure-reason/": {"t": "critique-of-pure-reason", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/computing-digital/e/part-1/computer-science/": {"t": "computer-science", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/mathematicians/e/part-1/george-boole/": {"t": "george-boole", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/algebra/e/part-1/quaternion/": {"t": "quaternion", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/set-theory-and-foundations/e/part-1/axiom/": {"t": "axiom", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/part-1/kurt-g-del/": {"t": "kurt-g-del", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/ren-descartes/": {"t": "René Descartes", "s": "Father of modern philosophy and analytic geometry"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/abstraction/": {"t": "abstraction", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/part-1/sustainability/": {"t": "sustainability", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-renaissance-theologians/e/part-1/lanfranc/": {"t": "lanfranc", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cathedrals/e/part-1/canterbury-cathedral/": {"t": "canterbury-cathedral", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/pope-alexander-vi/": {"t": "Pope Alexander VI", "s": "The controversial Renaissance pope from the Borgia family."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/part-1/benedictines/": {"t": "benedictines", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/theology-and-religious-concepts/e/part-1/existence-of-god/": {"t": "Existence of God", "s": "Debate on God's existence spans logical, empirical, and metaphysical arguments."}, "https://codexery.com/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/e/part-1/pope-clement-xi/": {"t": "pope-clement-xi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/italy/": {"t": "Italy", "s": "A cultural superpower with the eighth-largest economy and the most UNESCO sites."}, "https://codexery.com/european-medieval-monarchs/e/part-1/conrad-ii-holy-roman-emperor/": {"t": "conrad-ii-holy-roman-emperor", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/part-1/lombards/": {"t": "lombards", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/italian-regions/e/part-1/aosta-valley/": {"t": "aosta-valley", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/part-1/hermit/": {"t": "hermit", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/free-will/": {"t": "free-will", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions-criticism/e/part-1/fallen-angel/": {"t": "fallen-angel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/seas-and-oceans/e/part-1/english-channel/": {"t": "english-channel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cathedrals/e/part-1/westminster-abbey/": {"t": "westminster-abbey", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/pope-urban-ii/": {"t": "Pope Urban II", "s": "Pope who launched the First Crusade"}, "https://codexery.com/as-roma/e/stadiums/rome/": {"t": "Rome", "s": "An eternal city where ancient history pulses with the yellow-red heartbeat of its football club."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/part-1/celtic-christianity/": {"t": "celtic-christianity", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-concepts/e/part-1/canon-law/": {"t": "canon-law", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/jewish-mythology/e/part-1/fall-of-man/": {"t": "fall-of-man", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/part-1/neurology/": {"t": "neurology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/fiqh/": {"t": "fiqh", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/part-1/western-world/": {"t": "western-world", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/madhhab/": {"t": "madhhab", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/medical-conditions/e/part-1/stroke/": {"t": "stroke", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/part-1/christendom/": {"t": "christendom", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/thomas-aquinas/": {"t": "Thomas Aquinas", "s": "Italian Dominican theologian and philosopher, father of Thomism."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/principles-of-islamic-jurisprudence/": {"t": "principles-of-islamic-jurisprudence", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/sharia/": {"t": "sharia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-scholars-and-sufi-mystics/e/part-1/ibn-arabi/": {"t": "ibn-arabi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/modern-political-theorists-and-sociologi/e/part-1/ernest-renan/": {"t": "ernest-renan", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/brussels/": {"t": "Brussels", "s": "The capital of Belgium and de facto capital of the European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/claude-lorrain/": {"t": "Claude Lorrain", "s": "Baroque landscape painter who introduced sunlight into art", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/claude-lorrain.webp", "c": "Claude Lorrain · via Wikipedia: Claude Lorrain · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/plateaus-and-plains/e/part-1/mato-grosso-plateau/": {"t": "mato-grosso-plateau", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/part-1/tupi-people/": {"t": "tupi-people", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/jacques-maritain/": {"t": "jacques-maritain", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/franz-boas/": {"t": "Franz Boas", "s": "Father of American Anthropology and pioneer of cultural relativism"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/simone-de-beauvoir/": {"t": "Simone de Beauvoir", "s": "French existentialist philosopher and feminist activist"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/alexander-the-great/": {"t": "Alexander the Great", "s": "King of Macedon who created a vast empire from Greece to India."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/part-1/black-sea/": {"t": "black-sea", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/part-1/ancient-olympic-games/": {"t": "Ancient Olympic Games", "s": "Ancient athletic contests held at Olympia in honor of Zeus."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-isthmuses/e/part-1/isthmus-of-corinth/": {"t": "isthmus-of-corinth", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/epictetus/": {"t": "Epictetus", "s": "Greek Stoic philosopher who taught control of one's own actions."}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/part-1/odysseus/": {"t": "odysseus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/greek-myths/e/part-1/heracles/": {"t": "heracles", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/asceticism/": {"t": "asceticism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/metallica/e/places/copenhagen/": {"t": "Copenhagen", "s": "A northern fortress where the heavy sound echoes through history."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/part-1/pediatrics/": {"t": "pediatrics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-education-theorists/e/part-1/anna-freud/": {"t": "anna-freud", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/archaeologists-and-anthropologists/e/part-1/gregory-bateson/": {"t": "gregory-bateson", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/south-dakota/": {"t": "South Dakota", "s": "Landlocked Great Plains state named after the Dakota Sioux."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/norman-rockwell/": {"t": "Norman Rockwell", "s": "American painter and illustrator known for his Saturday Evening Post covers and depictions of American life.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/norman-rockwell.webp", "c": "en:Underwood & Underwood · via Wikipedia: Norman Rockwell · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/mahatma-gandhi/": {"t": "Mahatma Gandhi", "s": "Leader of India's nonviolent independence movement"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophy-theory/e/part-1/the-wretched-of-the-earth/": {"t": "the-wretched-of-the-earth", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/part-1/algerian-war/": {"t": "algerian-war", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/exploration-colonization/e/part-1/french-colonial-empire/": {"t": "french-colonial-empire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/part-1/alsace/": {"t": "alsace", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/other-european-regions/e/part-1/metropolitan-france/": {"t": "metropolitan-france", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities-and-urban-areas/e/part-1/oran/": {"t": "oran", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/european-regions/e/part-1/normandy/": {"t": "normandy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/crime-and-deviance/e/part-1/torture/": {"t": "torture", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/ghana/": {"t": "Ghana", "s": "First Sub-Saharan African colony to achieve sovereignty."}, "https://codexery.com/capital-cities-of-africa/e/part-1/accra/": {"t": "accra", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/economics-and-business/e/part-1/protectionism/": {"t": "protectionism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/e/part-1/alexander-hamilton/": {"t": "alexander-hamilton", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/andrew-jackson/": {"t": "Andrew Jackson", "s": "Seventh U.S. president and architect of Jacksonian democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/part-1/hamburg/": {"t": "hamburg", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/daft-punk/e/places/paris/": {"t": "Paris", "s": "A neon-drenched metropolis where human creativity sparks the fire of robotic evolution."}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/part-1/robert-schumann/": {"t": "robert-schumann", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/composers-and-songwriters/e/part-1/clara-schumann/": {"t": "clara-schumann", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/thomism/": {"t": "thomism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-works/e/part-1/summa-theologica/": {"t": "summa-theologica", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-practices-and-symbols/e/part-1/eucharist/": {"t": "eucharist", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/as-roma/e/stadiums/lazio-region/": {"t": "Lazio Region", "s": "The home of the Yellow and Reds, where the Derby della Capitale defines Roman football."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/part-1/normans/": {"t": "normans", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/louis-ix-of-france/": {"t": "Louis IX of France", "s": "Saint Louis, the monk king who led crusades and reformed justice."}, "https://codexery.com/mystery-crime-writers/e/part-1/g-k-chesterton/": {"t": "g-k-chesterton", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/swiss-folklore/e/part-1/samichlaus/": {"t": "Samichlaus", "s": "Early Christian bishop whose gift-giving legend inspired Santa Claus."}, "https://codexery.com/rome/e/places/appian-way/": {"t": "Appian Way", "s": "The stone artery binding Rome to its southern dominions and military campaigns."}, "https://codexery.com/classic-poetry-and-epics/e/part-1/the-divine-comedy/": {"t": "the-divine-comedy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/dante-alighieri/": {"t": "Dante Alighieri", "s": "Italian poet who wrote the Divine Comedy in the vernacular."}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/miracle/": {"t": "miracle", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-france/e/part-1/avignon/": {"t": "Avignon", "s": "City of the Popes on the Rhône."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/part-1/toulouse/": {"t": "toulouse", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/science-and-technology/e/part-1/natural-science/": {"t": "natural-science", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/part-1/sanskrit/": {"t": "sanskrit", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/part-1/indian-subcontinent/": {"t": "indian-subcontinent", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/part-1/sunni-islam/": {"t": "sunni-islam", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/egyptian-inventions/e/part-1/scientific-methodology/": {"t": "scientific-methodology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/e/part-1/mechanics/": {"t": "mechanics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/part-1/afro-eurasia/": {"t": "afro-eurasia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/part-1/eurasia/": {"t": "eurasia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/judaism/": {"t": "judaism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/e/part-1/patanjali/": {"t": "patanjali", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/crime-justice/e/part-1/criminology/": {"t": "criminology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/part-1/hiv-aids/": {"t": "hiv-aids", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/e/part-1/napoleonic-wars/": {"t": "Napoleonic Wars", "s": "Global conflicts from 1803 to 1815, featuring coalitions against Napoleon and French domination of Europe.", "i": "https://codexery.com/wars-conflicts/img/part-1/napoleonic-wars.webp", "c": "Ruedi33a · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/francisco-goya/": {"t": "Francisco Goya", "s": "Spanish romantic painter and printmaker, last of the Old Masters and first of the moderns."}, "https://codexery.com/public-health-and-epidemiology/e/part-1/self-harm/": {"t": "self-harm", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/part-1/punjab/": {"t": "punjab", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/part-1/urdu/": {"t": "urdu", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/england/": {"t": "England", "s": "Land of the Angles, birthplace of football and the Industrial Revolution."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/part-1/partition-of-india/": {"t": "partition-of-india", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/part-1/punjabi-language/": {"t": "punjabi-language", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/rumi/": {"t": "Rumi", "s": "Sufi mystic, poet, and founder of the Mevlevi Order"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/henri-bergson/": {"t": "Henri Bergson", "s": "French philosopher of intuition and time, Nobel laureate in literature."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-systems-courts/e/part-1/barrister/": {"t": "barrister", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/novels-and-epics/e/part-1/goethe-s-faust/": {"t": "goethe-s-faust", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/part-1/ummah/": {"t": "ummah", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/spain/": {"t": "Spain", "s": "A country spanning the Iberian Peninsula, with a history from Roman Hispania to a modern constitutional monarchy."}, "https://codexery.com/governments-and-political-systems/e/part-1/indian-national-congress/": {"t": "indian-national-congress", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/part-1/prayagraj/": {"t": "prayagraj", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/m-lamadhyamakak-rik/": {"t": "m-lamadhyamakak-rik", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/pure-land-buddhism/": {"t": "pure-land-buddhism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/eastern-philosophy/": {"t": "eastern-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/indian-philosophy/": {"t": "indian-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-traditions/e/part-1/ancient-philosophy/": {"t": "ancient-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/mahayana/": {"t": "mahayana", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/e/part-1/buddhist-philosophy/": {"t": "buddhist-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/pre-columbian-empires/e/part-1/satavahana-dynasty/": {"t": "satavahana-dynasty", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-theologians/e/part-1/kum-raj-va/": {"t": "kum-raj-va", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/part-1/andhra-pradesh/": {"t": "andhra-pradesh", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/poets-of-the-ancient-world/e/part-1/a-vagho-a/": {"t": "a-vagho-a", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/e/part-1/bodhisattva/": {"t": "bodhisattva", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-of-the-silk-road-and-beyond/e/part-1/xuanzang/": {"t": "xuanzang", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/prajnaparamita/": {"t": "prajnaparamita", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-mythology/e/part-1/hindu-mythology/": {"t": "hindu-mythology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-mythology/e/part-1/buddhist-mythology/": {"t": "buddhist-mythology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/jainism/": {"t": "jainism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/e/part-1/arhat/": {"t": "arhat", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/part-1/nalanda-mahavihara/": {"t": "Nalanda mahavihara", "s": "A renowned Buddhist mahavihara and ancient centre of learning."}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-religions-and-philosophies/e/part-1/anatt/": {"t": "anatt", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/prat-tyasamutp-da/": {"t": "prat-tyasamutp-da", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/e/part-1/svabhava/": {"t": "svabhava", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/middle-way/": {"t": "middle-way", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/part-1/pure-land/": {"t": "pure-land", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/florence/": {"t": "Florence", "s": "Birthplace of the Renaissance and capital of Tuscany."}, "https://codexery.com/government-and-law/e/part-1/political-science/": {"t": "political-science", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/part-1/republic-of-florence/": {"t": "republic-of-florence", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/lorenzo-de-medici/": {"t": "Lorenzo de' Medici", "s": "Italian statesman and foremost patron of Renaissance culture."}, "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-nobility/e/part-1/louis-xii/": {"t": "louis-xii", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/cesare-borgia/": {"t": "Cesare Borgia", "s": "Cardinal turned condottiero, son of Pope Alexander VI, and inspiration for Machiavelli's The Prince."}, "https://codexery.com/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/e/part-1/pope-julius-ii/": {"t": "pope-julius-ii", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/e/part-1/pope-leo-x/": {"t": "pope-leo-x", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-nobility/e/part-1/leopold-ii-holy-roman-emperor/": {"t": "leopold-ii-holy-roman-emperor", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/cicero/": {"t": "Cicero", "s": "Roman statesman, orator, and philosopher who shaped Latin rhetoric and thought."}, "https://codexery.com/narrative-forms-and-devices/e/part-1/satire/": {"t": "satire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/modern-political-theorists-and-sociologi/e/part-1/antonio-gramsci/": {"t": "antonio-gramsci", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/livy/": {"t": "Livy", "s": "Roman historian who wrote Ab Urbe Condita, a monumental history of Rome from its founding through the reign of Augustus."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/xenophon/": {"t": "Xenophon", "s": "Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian of the Ten Thousand"}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/part-1/leipzig-university/": {"t": "Leipzig University", "s": "One of the world's oldest universities, founded in 1409."}, "https://codexery.com/literary-forms-tropes/e/part-1/aphorism/": {"t": "aphorism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/christian-ethics/": {"t": "christian-ethics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-greek-theatre/e/part-1/greek-tragedy/": {"t": "greek-tragedy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/arthur-schopenhauer/": {"t": "Arthur Schopenhauer", "s": "German philosopher known for pessimism and The World as Will and Representation."}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/part-1/richard-wagner/": {"t": "richard-wagner", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/georges-bataille/": {"t": "georges-bataille", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/christian-theology/": {"t": "christian-theology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historiography-methods/e/part-1/primary-source/": {"t": "primary-source", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophy-theory/e/part-1/the-world-as-will-and-representation/": {"t": "the-world-as-will-and-representation", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/international-law-diplomacy/e/part-1/statelessness/": {"t": "statelessness", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/part-1/franco-prussian-war/": {"t": "franco-prussian-war", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/part-1/diphtheria/": {"t": "diphtheria", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/part-1/exegesis/": {"t": "exegesis", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/biblical-hermeneutics/": {"t": "biblical-hermeneutics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/spirituality/": {"t": "spirituality", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/castles-in-israel/e/part-1/caesarea-maritima/": {"t": "caesarea-maritima", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/part-1/late-antiquity/": {"t": "late-antiquity", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/christian-pacifism/": {"t": "christian-pacifism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/athanasius-of-alexandria/": {"t": "Athanasius of Alexandria", "s": "Trinitarian theologian, patriarch of Alexandria, exiled five times."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/justinian-i/": {"t": "Justinian I", "s": "Roman emperor who codified Roman law and reconquered lost territories."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/eusebius/": {"t": "Eusebius", "s": "Historian of Christianity and bishop of Caesarea."}, "https://codexery.com/emperors-of-the-byzantine-and-roman-worl/e/part-1/caracalla/": {"t": "caracalla", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/jericho/": {"t": "Jericho", "s": "Ancient city of Jericho, oasis in the Jordan Valley."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-turkey/e/part-1/cappadocia/": {"t": "Cappadocia", "s": "Historical region in central Turkey with unique rock formations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-turkey/img/part-1/cappadocia.webp", "c": "Peretz Partensky from San Francisco, USA · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/theology-and-religious-concepts/e/part-1/lord-s-prayer/": {"t": "Lord's Prayer", "s": "Central Christian prayer attributed to Jesus, with two gospel versions."}, "https://codexery.com/theology-and-religious-concepts/e/part-1/ministry-of-jesus/": {"t": "Ministry of Jesus", "s": "Ministry from baptism to Last Supper in first-century Judaea."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/part-1/acts-of-the-apostles/": {"t": "acts-of-the-apostles", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/early-church-patristics/e/part-1/james-brother-of-jesus/": {"t": "james-brother-of-jesus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/e/part-1/first-epistle-to-timothy/": {"t": "first-epistle-to-timothy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/e/part-1/epistle-to-titus/": {"t": "epistle-to-titus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/e/part-1/epistle-to-the-colossians/": {"t": "epistle-to-the-colossians", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-eras/e/part-1/hellenistic-period/": {"t": "hellenistic-period", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/pompey/": {"t": "Pompey", "s": "Roman general and statesman, rival of Julius Caesar", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/pompey.webp", "c": "Didier Descouens · via Wikipedia: Pompey · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/e/part-1/epistle-to-the-galatians/": {"t": "epistle-to-the-galatians", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/public-holidays-observances/e/part-1/shabbat/": {"t": "shabbat", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-scriptures-and-epistles/e/part-1/epistle-to-the-romans/": {"t": "epistle-to-the-romans", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/crucifixion-of-jesus/": {"t": "crucifixion-of-jesus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/salvation/": {"t": "salvation", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-greek-astronomy/e/part-1/geocentrism/": {"t": "geocentrism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-greek-astronomy/e/part-1/heliocentrism/": {"t": "heliocentrism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/planets-and-dwarf-planets/e/part-1/earth/": {"t": "earth", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/classical-philosophy-rhetoric/e/part-1/phaedo/": {"t": "phaedo", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/named-stars-part-4/e/part-1/sun/": {"t": "sun", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-greek-astronomy/e/part-1/counter-earth/": {"t": "counter-earth", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/part-1/nicolaus-copernicus/": {"t": "nicolaus-copernicus", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/william-james/": {"t": "William James", "s": "Father of American psychology and co-founder of pragmatism"}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health-psychology/e/part-1/cognitive-psychology/": {"t": "cognitive-psychology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/b-f-skinner/": {"t": "B. F. Skinner", "s": "Pioneer of operant conditioning and radical behaviorism."}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-education-theorists/e/part-1/clark-l-hull/": {"t": "clark-l-hull", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts-and-theories/e/part-1/mental-representation/": {"t": "mental-representation", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/russian-inventions/e/part-1/classical-conditioning/": {"t": "classical-conditioning", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/mental-health/e/part-1/phobia/": {"t": "phobia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/public-health-and-epidemiology/e/part-1/smoking-cessation/": {"t": "smoking-cessation", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/part-1/leiden-university/": {"t": "Leiden University", "s": "Oldest surviving university in the Netherlands, founded 1575."}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/part-1/president-of-the-united-states/": {"t": "president-of-the-united-states", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/william-of-ockham/": {"t": "William of Ockham", "s": "English Franciscan friar, scholastic philosopher and theologian, known for Occam's razor."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/part-1/mary-mother-of-jesus/": {"t": "mary-mother-of-jesus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/theology-and-religious-concepts/e/part-1/holy-orders/": {"t": "Holy orders", "s": "Ordained ministries of bishop, priest, and deacon in Christian churches."}, "https://codexery.com/radiohead/e/places/oxford/": {"t": "Oxford", "s": "The ancient stone streets where a generation's sound was quietly forged."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-theology/e/part-1/confession-religion/": {"t": "confession-religion", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/francis-bacon/": {"t": "Francis Bacon", "s": "English philosopher and statesman, father of empiricism, and founder of the scientific method."}, "https://codexery.com/pink-floyd/e/places/cambridge/": {"t": "Cambridge", "s": "The schoolhouse furnace where future legends learned to conform and revolt."}, "https://codexery.com/limbo/e/characters/original-sin/": {"t": "Original sin", "s": "Inherited sinfulness from Adam and Eve, central to Christian theology."}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/anselm-of-canterbury/": {"t": "Anselm of Canterbury", "s": "Benedictine abbot, philosopher, theologian, and Archbishop of Canterbury known for the ontological argument and satisfaction theory of atonement."}, "https://codexery.com/early-church-fathers-and-saints/e/part-1/teresa-of-vila/": {"t": "teresa-of-vila", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/e/part-1/vila/": {"t": "Ávila", "s": "Highest provincial capital in Spain, known for medieval walls and mystics."}, "https://codexery.com/catholic-saints-popes/e/part-1/ignatius-of-loyola/": {"t": "ignatius-of-loyola", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/e/part-1/alcal-de-henares/": {"t": "Alcalá de Henares", "s": "Spanish municipality with a UNESCO-listed historic centre and historic university."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/artists/salvador-dal/": {"t": "Salvador Dalí", "s": "Spanish surrealist master of striking and bizarre imagery", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/artists/salvador-dal.webp", "c": "Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964. · via Wikipedia: Salvador Dalí · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-spain/e/part-1/baeza-spain/": {"t": "Baeza, Spain", "s": "Andalusian city famed for Renaissance architecture and UNESCO listing."}, "https://codexery.com/european-prime-ministers-and-statesmen/e/part-1/pope-gregory-xiii/": {"t": "pope-gregory-xiii", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/e/part-1/t-s-eliot/": {"t": "t-s-eliot", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/founders-of-new-religious-movements/e/part-1/thomas-merton/": {"t": "thomas-merton", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/part-1/london-school-of-economics/": {"t": "London School of Economics", "s": "A leading social science university in London."}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/part-1/king-s-college-london/": {"t": "King's College London", "s": "Founded 1829; founding college of University of London."}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts-and-theories/e/part-1/inductivism/": {"t": "inductivism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts-and-theories/e/part-1/falsifiability/": {"t": "falsifiability", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/forms-of-government/e/part-1/liberal-democracy/": {"t": "liberal-democracy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/e/part-1/anschluss/": {"t": "Anschluss", "s": "Annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany on 12 March 1938.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-war-ii-and-its-aftermath/img/part-1/anschluss.webp", "c": "Unknown author · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts-and-theories/e/part-1/logical-positivism/": {"t": "logical-positivism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/nonfiction-and-reference/e/part-1/the-open-society-and-its-enemies/": {"t": "The Open Society and Its Enemies", "s": "Defends open society against historicism and totalitarianism."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/j-rgen-habermas/": {"t": "Jürgen Habermas", "s": "German philosopher and social theorist known for communicative rationality and the public sphere."}, "https://codexery.com/surgery-trauma/e/part-1/cancer/": {"t": "Cancer", "s": "A group of diseases involving uncontrolled cell growth and potential spread."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/part-1/pneumonia/": {"t": "pneumonia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/austria/": {"t": "Austria", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich imperial history and a modern neutral democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/socio-political-concepts/e/part-1/totalitarianism/": {"t": "totalitarianism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/astronomers-and-cosmologists/e/part-1/arthur-eddington/": {"t": "arthur-eddington", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-traditions/e/part-1/demarcation-problem/": {"t": "demarcation-problem", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/part-1/niels-bohr/": {"t": "niels-bohr", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures-leaders/e/part-1/pierre-joseph-proudhon/": {"t": "pierre-joseph-proudhon", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ed-sheeran/e/places/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "The electric metropolis where a Suffolk dreamer became a global superstar."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-and-soviet-writers/e/part-1/alexander-herzen/": {"t": "alexander-herzen", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/part-1/first-international/": {"t": "first-international", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures-leaders/e/part-1/peter-kropotkin/": {"t": "peter-kropotkin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-education-theorists/e/part-1/a-s-neill/": {"t": "a-s-neill", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/part-1/spanish-civil-war/": {"t": "spanish-civil-war", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/part-1/saint-petersburg/": {"t": "saint-petersburg", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/part-1/german-idealism/": {"t": "german-idealism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/johann-gottlieb-fichte/": {"t": "Johann Gottlieb Fichte", "s": "German philosopher and founding figure of German idealism"}, "https://codexery.com/leaders-and-monarchs/e/part-1/louis-philippe-i/": {"t": "louis-philippe-i", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-against-the-united-states/e/part-1/american-civil-war/": {"t": "american-civil-war", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/friedrich-engels/": {"t": "Friedrich Engels", "s": "Revolutionary socialist and co-founder of Marxism"}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/part-1/russian-revolution/": {"t": "russian-revolution", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/noam-chomsky/": {"t": "Noam Chomsky", "s": "Father of modern linguistics and influential political critic."}, "https://codexery.com/philadelphia-76ers/e/stadiums/philadelphia/": {"t": "Philadelphia", "s": "The gritty, soulful city where the Sixers legacy is forged in fire and celebrated with unmatched passion."}, "https://codexery.com/political-systems-elections/e/part-1/freedom-of-speech/": {"t": "freedom-of-speech", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/part-1/israeli-palestinian-conflict/": {"t": "israeli-palestinian-conflict", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/part-1/sweatshop/": {"t": "sweatshop", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/part-1/yiddish/": {"t": "yiddish", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/j-l-austin/": {"t": "j-l-austin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychologists-and-social-scientists/e/part-1/george-armitage-miller/": {"t": "george-armitage-miller", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/mikhail-bakunin/": {"t": "Mikhail Bakunin", "s": "Russian revolutionary anarchist and political philosopher, a major figure in anarchism and opponent of Marxism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/philosophers-thinkers/img/philosophers-and-thinkers/mikhail-bakunin.webp", "c": "chrisaliv · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/george-orwell/": {"t": "George Orwell", "s": "English writer known for his critiques of totalitarianism and social injustice."}, "https://codexery.com/activists-social-reformers/e/part-1/rosa-luxemburg/": {"t": "rosa-luxemburg", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/uefa-champions-league/e/history/barcelona/": {"t": "Barcelona", "s": "Capital of Catalonia, Mediterranean metropolis, and home to UNESCO architectural masterpieces."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/leonard-bloomfield/": {"t": "Leonard Bloomfield", "s": "American linguist who led the development of structural linguistics in the United States during the 1930s and 1940s."}, "https://codexery.com/major-wars/e/part-1/vietnam-war/": {"t": "vietnam-war", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/government-public-administration/e/part-1/foreign-policy/": {"t": "foreign-policy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/mystical-or-religious-experience/": {"t": "mystical-or-religious-experience", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/mumbai/": {"t": "Mumbai", "s": "Financial and entertainment capital of India, built on seven islands."}, "https://codexery.com/indian-states/e/part-1/madhya-pradesh/": {"t": "madhya-pradesh", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/russian-and-soviet-writers/e/part-1/leo-tolstoy/": {"t": "leo-tolstoy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/part-1/indian-independence-movement/": {"t": "indian-independence-movement", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/jawaharlal-nehru/": {"t": "Jawaharlal Nehru", "s": "India's first prime minister and architect of its modern secular democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/part-1/asthma/": {"t": "asthma", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/part-1/allergy/": {"t": "allergy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/part-1/hindi/": {"t": "hindi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/indira-gandhi/": {"t": "Indira Gandhi", "s": "India's first and only female prime minister"}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/part-1/secretary/": {"t": "secretary", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/part-1/oregon/": {"t": "Oregon", "s": "33rd state, known for Crater Lake and Mount Hood."}, "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/e/part-1/power-of-attorney/": {"t": "power-of-attorney", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/part-1/nitrous-oxide/": {"t": "nitrous-oxide", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-and-buddhist-terms/e/part-1/yoga/": {"t": "yoga", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/french-regions/e/part-1/corsica/": {"t": "corsica", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-inventions/e/part-1/tragedy/": {"t": "tragedy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/food-cooking/e/part-1/vegetarianism/": {"t": "vegetarianism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/part-1/tuberculosis/": {"t": "tuberculosis", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-and-medieval-historians-and-phil/e/part-1/cassius-dio/": {"t": "cassius-dio", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/caligula/": {"t": "Caligula", "s": "Third Roman emperor, ruling from AD 37 until his assassination."}, "https://codexery.com/rome/e/places/baiae/": {"t": "Baiae", "s": "A seaside haven where emperors unwind and secrets are traded."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/boudica/": {"t": "Boudica", "s": "Queen of the Iceni who led a failed revolt against Rome."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/part-1/roman-empire/": {"t": "roman-empire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/zeno-of-citium/": {"t": "Zeno of Citium", "s": "Founder of Stoicism, philosopher from Citium, Cyprus"}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers-and-logicians/e/part-1/posidonius/": {"t": "posidonius", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/epicurus/": {"t": "Epicurus", "s": "Ancient Greek philosopher who founded Epicureanism."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-greek-theatre/e/part-1/theatre-of-ancient-greece/": {"t": "theatre-of-ancient-greece", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/part-1/europe/": {"t": "europe", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/vilfredo-pareto/": {"t": "Vilfredo Pareto", "s": "Italian polymath who introduced Pareto efficiency and the Pareto principle."}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/alfred-north-whitehead/": {"t": "Alfred North Whitehead", "s": "English mathematician and philosopher who founded process philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/political-and-social-theorists/e/part-1/niklas-luhmann/": {"t": "niklas-luhmann", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/jean-fran-ois-lyotard/": {"t": "jean-fran-ois-lyotard", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/sociologists-and-cultural-theorists/e/part-1/robert-k-merton/": {"t": "robert-k-merton", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/john-dewey/": {"t": "John Dewey", "s": "American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer"}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/part-1/congregationalism/": {"t": "congregationalism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-and-social-theorists/e/part-1/r-h-tawney/": {"t": "r-h-tawney", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/archaeologists-and-anthropologists/e/part-1/e-e-evans-pritchard/": {"t": "e-e-evans-pritchard", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/part-1/heidelberg-university/": {"t": "Heidelberg University", "s": "Germany's oldest university, founded in 1386.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/part-1/heidelberg-university.webp", "c": "Max Adamo · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/political-theorists-and-social-scientist/e/part-1/karl-mannheim/": {"t": "karl-mannheim", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts/e/part-1/idealism/": {"t": "idealism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/joseph-schumpeter/": {"t": "Joseph Schumpeter", "s": "Austrian political economist who popularized creative destruction"}, "https://codexery.com/sociologists-and-cultural-theorists/e/part-1/pitirim-sorokin/": {"t": "pitirim-sorokin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/economic-concepts-and-schools/e/part-1/neoclassical-economics/": {"t": "neoclassical-economics", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/gary-becker/": {"t": "Gary Becker", "s": "Economist who applied rational choice to diverse social behaviors."}, "https://codexery.com/historians-and-philosophers-of-history/e/part-1/edwin-o-reischauer/": {"t": "edwin-o-reischauer", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/myth/": {"t": "myth", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/part-1/weather-forecasting/": {"t": "weather-forecasting", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/constellations/e/part-1/ursa-major/": {"t": "ursa-major", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/astronomical-concepts-and-techniques/e/part-1/solstice/": {"t": "solstice", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/orbits-and-celestial-mechanics/e/part-1/equinox/": {"t": "equinox", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/herodotus/": {"t": "Herodotus", "s": "The Father of History"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-civilizations/e/part-1/phoenicia/": {"t": "phoenicia", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/hipparchus/": {"t": "Hipparchus", "s": "Greek astronomer, geographer, and mathematician; founder of trigonometry and discoverer of the precession of the equinoxes."}, "https://codexery.com/poets-of-the-ancient-world/e/part-1/callimachus/": {"t": "callimachus", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-forms-tropes/e/part-1/anthropomorphism/": {"t": "anthropomorphism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-rulers-of-africa-and-the-near-ea/e/part-1/amasis-ii/": {"t": "amasis-ii", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/constellations/e/part-1/ursa-minor/": {"t": "ursa-minor", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/messier-objects-part-2/e/part-1/pleiades/": {"t": "pleiades", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/astronomy/e/part-1/hyades-star-cluster/": {"t": "hyades-star-cluster", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/gilbert-ryle/": {"t": "gilbert-ryle", "s": ""}, "/e/philosophers-and-thinkers/karl-popper/": {"t": "Karl Popper", "s": "Philosopher of science who championed falsifiability and the open society."}, "https://codexery.com/modernist-20th-century-composers/e/part-1/alban-berg/": {"t": "alban-berg", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/composers-and-songwriters/e/part-1/arnold-schoenberg/": {"t": "arnold-schoenberg", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/european-literary-masters/e/part-1/thomas-mann/": {"t": "thomas-mann", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/novels-major-fiction/e/part-1/doctor-faustus-novel/": {"t": "doctor-faustus-novel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/media-and-publishing/e/part-1/propaganda/": {"t": "propaganda", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/part-1/the-holocaust/": {"t": "the-holocaust", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/literary-giants/e/part-1/samuel-beckett/": {"t": "samuel-beckett", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/composers/e/part-1/ludwig-van-beethoven/": {"t": "ludwig-van-beethoven", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophers/e/part-1/gy-rgy-luk-cs/": {"t": "gy-rgy-luk-cs", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/e/part-1/german-empire/": {"t": "german-empire", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/political-and-social-theorists/e/part-1/georg-simmel/": {"t": "georg-simmel", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/part-1/bertolt-brecht/": {"t": "Bertolt Brecht", "s": "German theatre practitioner, playwright, and poet.", "i": "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/img/part-1/bertolt-brecht.webp", "c": "Kolbe, Jörg · via Wikipedia: Bertolt Brecht · CC BY-SA 3.0 de"}, "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/e/part-1/goethe-university-frankfurt/": {"t": "Goethe University Frankfurt", "s": "Public research university founded by liberal citizens in 1914.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities-and-colleges/img/part-1/goethe-university-frankfurt.webp", "c": "Sven · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/composers-musicians/e/part-1/richard-strauss/": {"t": "richard-strauss", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/music-theory-and-composition/e/part-1/twelve-tone-technique/": {"t": "twelve-tone-technique", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/music-theory-and-composition/e/part-1/atonality/": {"t": "atonality", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/music-theory-and-composition/e/part-1/tonality/": {"t": "tonality", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/authors-poets/e/part-1/mark-twain/": {"t": "mark-twain", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/writers-poets/e/part-1/johann-wolfgang-von-goethe/": {"t": "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe", "s": "German polymath and most influential writer in the German language"}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/part-1/louis-agassiz/": {"t": "louis-agassiz", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/mysticism/": {"t": "mysticism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophy-theory/e/part-1/the-varieties-of-religious-experience/": {"t": "the-varieties-of-religious-experience", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/hilary-putnam/": {"t": "Hilary Putnam", "s": "American philosopher who changed positions through rigorous self-critique."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/part-1/amazon-river/": {"t": "amazon-river", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/effects-of-external-causes/e/part-1/motion-sickness/": {"t": "motion-sickness", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/human-variation-and-health/e/part-1/medical-doctor/": {"t": "medical-doctor", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/famous-figures-with-unique-distinctions/e/part-1/william-james-sidis/": {"t": "William James Sidis", "s": "Child prodigy who later retreated from public life."}, "https://codexery.com/scientists-and-mathematicians/e/part-1/ernst-mach/": {"t": "ernst-mach", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/social-reformers-and-humanitarians/e/part-1/jane-addams/": {"t": "jane-addams", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/psychology/e/part-1/experimental-psychology/": {"t": "experimental-psychology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/legal-scholars-and-political-theorists/e/part-1/oliver-wendell-holmes-jr/": {"t": "oliver-wendell-holmes-jr", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-traditions/e/part-1/american-philosophy/": {"t": "american-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-concepts-and-theories/e/part-1/fallibilism/": {"t": "fallibilism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/beliefs-and-practices/e/part-1/parapsychology/": {"t": "parapsychology", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/philosophical-movements-and-schools/e/part-1/chinese-philosophy/": {"t": "chinese-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/part-1/confucianism/": {"t": "confucianism", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/confucius/": {"t": "Confucius", "s": "The paragon of Chinese sages and founder of Confucianism."}, "https://codexery.com/eastern-and-islamic-philosophers/e/part-1/mencius/": {"t": "mencius", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/bruce-lee/e/places/taoism/": {"t": "Taoism", "s": "Be like water: the ultimate path to fluidity and formless combat."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/part-1/han-dynasty/": {"t": "han-dynasty", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/east-asian-history/e/part-1/qi-state/": {"t": "qi-state", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures-leaders/e/part-1/li-si/": {"t": "li-si", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/miscellaneous-philosophy-and-religion/e/part-1/legalism-chinese-philosophy/": {"t": "legalism-chinese-philosophy", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/part-1/tang-dynasty/": {"t": "tang-dynasty", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/classical-philosophy-rhetoric/e/part-1/mencius-book/": {"t": "mencius-book", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/scientists/sima-qian/": {"t": "Sima Qian", "s": "Father of Chinese historiography who endured castration to complete the Shiji."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-classical-texts/e/part-1/han-feizi/": {"t": "han-feizi", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/taboo/e/part-1/naming-taboo/": {"t": "Naming taboo", "s": "A taboo against using exalted persons' names in China and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-emperors-and-leaders/e/part-1/emperor-xuan-of-han/": {"t": "emperor-xuan-of-han", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/east-asian-history/e/part-1/partition-of-jin/": {"t": "partition-of-jin", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/east-asian-history/e/part-1/qin-state/": {"t": "qin-state", "s": ""}, "https://codexery.com/fate-grand-order/e/world/qin-empire/": {"t": "Qin Empire", "s": "China's first imperial dynasty, forged by Qin Shi Huang's unification in 221 BC."}, "https://codexery.com/legal-concepts-doctrines/e/part-1/defamation/": {"t": "defamation", "s": ""}}