{"https://codexery.com/dc-universe/e/characters/batman/": {"t": "Batman", "s": "Gotham's vigilante without superpowers, sworn never to kill."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/kurds/": {"t": "Kurds", "s": "An Iranic ethnic group indigenous to Kurdistan, spanning parts of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria."}, "https://codexery.com/insurgents-and-guerrilla-leaders/e/insurgents-and-guerrilla-leaders/abdullah-calan/": {"t": "Abdullah Öcalan", "s": "Founding member of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK)"}, "https://codexery.com/homeland/e/factions/isis/": {"t": "Islamic State", "s": "The jihadist group behind the Berlin plot."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-turkey/e/world-heritage-sites-in-turkey/diyarbak-r/": {"t": "Diyarbakır", "s": "Ancient city on the Tigris, Kurdish cultural and political center."}, "https://codexery.com/theatrical-occupations/e/theatrical-occupations/actor/": {"t": "Actor", "s": "A performer who portrays a character in a production."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/bursa/": {"t": "Bursa", "s": "Historic Ottoman capital and modern industrial hub in northwestern Turkey."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/adana/": {"t": "Adana", "s": "A historic city on the Seyhan River, gateway to the fertile Çukurova plain.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/img/cities-of-the-world/adana.webp", "c": "Basak · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/rome/": {"t": "Rome", "s": "The Eternal City, capital of Italy and cradle of Western civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/aleppo/": {"t": "Aleppo", "s": "Ancient Syrian city, historic Silk Road hub, site of major conflict."}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/eastern-catholic-churches/": {"t": "Eastern Catholic Churches", "s": "23 autonomous Eastern Christian churches in full communion with Rome."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/mosul/": {"t": "Mosul", "s": "Major northern Iraqi city on the Tigris, near ancient Nineveh."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/baghdad/": {"t": "Baghdad", "s": "Center of Learning"}, "https://codexery.com/legal-professions/e/legal-professions/lawyer/": {"t": "Lawyer", "s": "A qualified advisor and representative in legal matters.", "i": "https://codexery.com/legal-professions/img/legal-professions/lawyer.webp", "c": "Giles Laurent · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/ankara/": {"t": "Ankara", "s": "Capital of Turkey, ancient Galatian and Roman center."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/malatya/": {"t": "Malatya", "s": "Ancient city and global apricot capital in eastern Turkey."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/istanbul/": {"t": "Istanbul", "s": "A city on two continents, bridging Europe and Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/damascus/": {"t": "Damascus", "s": "The oldest capital city in the world, nestled at the foothills of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Central Powers, 1914–1918."}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/kurdistan/": {"t": "Kurdistan", "s": "A stateless nation spanning four countries in West Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/kurdish-language/": {"t": "Kurdish language", "s": "Northwestern Iranian language continuum of the Kurdish people."}, "https://codexery.com/labor-employment/e/labor-and-employment/teacher/": {"t": "Teacher", "s": "A person who helps students acquire knowledge, competence, or virtue."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/stockholm/": {"t": "Stockholm", "s": "The capital of Sweden, spanning fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/covid-19/": {"t": "COVID-19", "s": "COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2."}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-and-development/e/reproduction-and-development/miscarriage/": {"t": "Miscarriage", "s": "Miscarriage is the most common complication of early pregnancy."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/quran/": {"t": "Quran", "s": "Central religious text of Islam, believed to be divine revelation."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/hajj/": {"t": "Hajj", "s": "Annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, a required religious duty."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/anatolia/": {"t": "Anatolia", "s": "Peninsula in West Asia, historic cradle of civilizations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/img/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/anatolia.webp", "c": "Anatolianist · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/fiqh/": {"t": "Fiqh", "s": "Islamic jurisprudence: human understanding of divine law"}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions/e/abrahamic-religions/tafsir/": {"t": "Tafsir", "s": "Quranic exegesis explaining God's will through language and tradition."}, "https://codexery.com/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/e/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/morphology-linguistics/": {"t": "Morphology (linguistics)", "s": "Study of word structure and formation in language."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/sharia/": {"t": "Sharia", "s": "Islamic divine law based on the Qur'an and hadith, distinct from fiqh."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/sufism/": {"t": "Sufism", "s": "The inward dimension of Islam, focusing on purification and direct experience of the divine."}, "https://codexery.com/entering-heaven-alive/e/entering-heaven-alive/muhammad/": {"t": "Muhammad", "s": "Founder of Islam and final prophet in Islamic belief."}, "https://codexery.com/emperors-of-the-mughal-empire/e/emperors-of-the-mughal-empire/jahangir/": {"t": "Jahangir", "s": "Fourth Mughal emperor known for justice and artistic patronage."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/sunni-islam/": {"t": "Sunni Islam", "s": "Largest branch of Islam, following the sunnah of Muhammad."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/georgia-country/": {"t": "Georgia (country)", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, with ancient winemaking traditions and a pro-Western trajectory."}, "https://codexery.com/people-from-herat/e/people-from-herat/abu-sa-id-mirza/": {"t": "Abu Sa'id Mirza", "s": "Timurid ruler who reunified much of the empire in the mid-15th century.", "i": "https://codexery.com/people-from-herat/img/people-from-herat/abu-sa-id-mirza.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Abu Sa'id Mirza · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-iran/e/provinces-of-iran/fars-province/": {"t": "Fars province", "s": "Ancient Persian homeland, cradle of Achaemenid and Sasanian empires.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-iran/img/provinces-of-iran/fars-province.webp", "c": "Bryn Pinzgauer · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/iranian-cities/e/iranian-cities/tabriz/": {"t": "Tabriz", "s": "Major economic and cultural hub in northwestern Iran."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-europe/e/medieval-europe/republic-of-venice/": {"t": "Republic of Venice", "s": "A maritime republic that dominated Mediterranean trade for over a millennium."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/mehmed-ii/": {"t": "Mehmed II", "s": "The Conqueror of Constantinople"}, "https://codexery.com/explorers-pioneers/e/explorers-and-pioneers/ismail-i/": {"t": "Ismail I", "s": "Founder of Safavid Iran, crowned shah in 1501 while still a teenager.", "i": "https://codexery.com/explorers-pioneers/img/explorers-and-pioneers/ismail-i.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Ismail I · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/safavid-dynasty/": {"t": "Safavid dynasty", "s": "Iranian dynasty that established Twelver Shi'ism as state religion."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/factions/mamluks/": {"t": "Mamluk Sultanate", "s": "The slave-soldier sultanate of Egypt and Syria, 1250-1517."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/venice/": {"t": "Venice", "s": "The Floating City of Canals and History"}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-tentative-list-for-turkey/e/world-heritage-tentative-list-for-turkey/harpoot/": {"t": "Harpoot", "s": "Ancient hilltop town with a castle and millennia of history."}, "https://codexery.com/iranian-cities/e/iranian-cities/shiraz/": {"t": "Shiraz", "s": "Ancient Iranian city, trade center, and home to poets Hafez and Saadi."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/factions/seljuk-sultanate/": {"t": "Seljuk Sultanate", "s": "The Turco-Persian empire of the Oghuz Turks that stretched from Anatolia to the Hindu Kush."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/turkic-languages/": {"t": "Turkic languages", "s": "The Turkic languages form a family of over 35 documented languages, spoken by Turkic peoples across a vast stretch of Eurasia—from Southeastern and Eastern Euro"}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/tatars/": {"t": "Tatars", "s": "Turkic-speaking peoples across Eastern Europe and Northern Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/e/great-collapses/the-plague-of-justinian/": {"t": "The Plague of Justinian", "s": "First historically recorded epidemic of Yersinia pestis.", "i": "https://codexery.com/great-collapses/img/great-collapses/the-plague-of-justinian.webp", "c": "Procopius of Caesarea · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/justinian-i/": {"t": "Justinian I", "s": "Roman emperor who codified Roman law and reconquered lost territories."}, "https://codexery.com/roman-emperor-consuls/e/roman-emperor-consuls/justin-ii/": {"t": "Justin II", "s": "Eastern Roman emperor who ended tribute payments and fought Persia."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-church-bodies/e/christian-church-bodies/church-of-the-east/": {"t": "Church of the East", "s": "Major Eastern Christian branch, once spanning Asia from Mesopotamia to China."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-saints-early-church-fathers/e/christian-saints-and-early-church-fathers/nestorius/": {"t": "Nestorius", "s": "Archbishop of Constantinople whose Christological teachings led to lasting controversy."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/french-language/": {"t": "French language", "s": "A Romance language of the Indo-European family, descended from Vulgar Latin and shaped by Celtic and Frankish influences."}, "https://codexery.com/universities/e/universities/istanbul-university/": {"t": "Istanbul University", "s": "First university in modern Turkey, founded in 1453.", "i": "https://codexery.com/universities/img/universities/istanbul-university.webp", "c": "Kadı · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/drama/e/drama/historical-drama/": {"t": "Historical drama", "s": "A dramatic work set in the past with fictionalized elements."}, "https://codexery.com/british-television-series-about-time/e/british-television-series-about-time-travel/doctor-who/": {"t": "Doctor Who", "s": "A Time Lord travels through space and time in a police box."}, "https://codexery.com/live-and-let-die/e/live-and-let-die/the-saint/": {"t": "The Saint", "s": "British crime series starring Roger Moore as Simon Templar."}, "https://codexery.com/british-spy-television-series/e/british-spy-television-series/the-avengers-tv-series/": {"t": "The Avengers (TV series)", "s": "British espionage series with stylish partners and constant John Steed."}, "https://codexery.com/classic-hollywood-icons/e/classic-hollywood-icons/roger-moore/": {"t": "Roger Moore", "s": "Sir Roger George Moore (14 October 1927 – 23 May 2017) was an English actor best known for portraying James Bond in seven Eon Productions films, the most of any", "i": "https://codexery.com/classic-hollywood-icons/img/classic-hollywood-icons/roger-moore.webp", "c": "Allan warren · via Wikipedia: Roger Moore · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/a24-films/e/people/academy-awards/": {"t": "Academy Awards", "s": "Annual awards for cinematic excellence since 1929."}, "https://codexery.com/band-of-brothers/e/people/steven-spielberg/": {"t": "Steven Spielberg", "s": "Co-creator and executive producer of Band of Brothers with Tom Hanks."}, "https://codexery.com/lost-world-films/e/lost-world-films/indiana-jones/": {"t": "Indiana Jones", "s": "Adventures of a globe-trotting archaeologist."}, "https://codexery.com/british-television-series-revived/e/british-television-series-revived-after-cancellation/birds-of-a-feather-tv-series/": {"t": "Birds of a Feather (TV series)", "s": "Cockney sisters reunite after husbands are jailed for armed robbery."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-leading-men-women/e/modern-leading-men-and-women/steven-seagal/": {"t": "Steven Seagal", "s": "Action star who directed Heigl in Under Siege 2: Dark Territory.", "i": "https://codexery.com/modern-leading-men-women/img/modern-leading-men-and-women/steven-seagal.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Katherine Heigl · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/film-history-milestones/e/film-history-and-milestones/action-film/": {"t": "Action film", "s": "Explosions, fights, and spectacle: the evolution of action cinema from the 1910s to the post-9/11 era."}, "https://codexery.com/american-martial-arts-films/e/american-martial-arts-films/belly-of-the-beast-2003-film/": {"t": "Belly of the Beast (2003 film)", "s": "A former CIA agent hunts for his kidnapped daughter in Thailand."}, "https://codexery.com/plays-drama/e/plays-and-drama/henry-iv-part-1/": {"t": "Henry IV, Part 1", "s": "Shakespeare's history play of rebellion, honor, and Prince Hal's coming-of-age.", "i": "https://codexery.com/plays-drama/img/plays-and-drama/henry-iv-part-1.webp", "c": "James Neagle / After Robert Smirke / John & Josiah Boydell · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/plays-drama/e/plays-and-drama/henry-iv-part-2/": {"t": "Henry IV, Part 2", "s": "A history play about Prince Hal's kingship and Falstaff's rejection.", "i": "https://codexery.com/plays-drama/img/plays-and-drama/henry-iv-part-2.webp", "c": "Miami U. Libraries - Digital Collections · No restrictions"}, "https://codexery.com/abrahamic-religions-criticism/e/abrahamic-religions-and-criticism/jethro-biblical-figure/": {"t": "Jethro (biblical figure)", "s": "Moses's father-in-law, a Kenite priest of Midian, revered in Druze tradition as the prophet Shuaib."}, "https://codexery.com/christian-sacred-texts/e/christian-sacred-texts/book-of-exodus/": {"t": "Book of Exodus", "s": "Second book of the Bible recounting Israel's departure from Egypt."}, "/e/people-from-diyarbak-r/faik-ali-ozansoy/": {"t": "Faik Ali Ozansoy", "s": "Ottoman governor who saved Armenians during the genocide."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/persian-language/": {"t": "Persian language", "s": "Persian is a Western Iranian language with three standard varieties."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/diseases-and-conditions/pneumonia/": {"t": "Pneumonia", "s": "Inflammatory lung condition primarily affecting alveoli, caused by infection.", "i": "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/img/diseases-and-conditions/pneumonia.webp", "c": "Nephron · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-regions/e/countries-and-regions/middle-east/": {"t": "Middle East", "s": "A geopolitical region encompassing West Asia, Egypt, and European Turkey, rich in history and strategic importance."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-causes-of-cancer/e/infectious-causes-of-cancer/oncovirus/": {"t": "Oncovirus", "s": "Viruses that can cause cancer by disrupting cell cycle control."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-cell-biology/e/microbiology-and-cell-biology/microbiology/": {"t": "Microbiology", "s": "Scientific study of microscopic organisms and their roles."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-tentative-list-for-turkey/e/world-heritage-tentative-list-for-turkey/i-zmir/": {"t": "İzmir", "s": "Ancient Aegean port city with millennia of history."}, "https://codexery.com/public-health-and-epidemiology/e/public-health-and-epidemiology/public-health/": {"t": "Public health", "s": "Science and art of preventing disease through organized societal efforts."}, "/e/people-from-diyarbak-r/s-leyman-nazif/": {"t": "Süleyman Nazif", "s": "Turkish poet and CUP member, governor of several Ottoman provinces."}, "https://codexery.com/ottoman-and-middle-eastern-leaders/e/ottoman-and-middle-eastern-leaders/talaat-pasha/": {"t": "Talaat Pasha", "s": "Ottoman leader and architect of the Armenian genocide", "i": "https://codexery.com/ottoman-and-middle-eastern-leaders/img/ottoman-and-middle-eastern-leaders/talaat-pasha.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Talaat Pasha · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/notable-buildings-and-monuments/e/notable-buildings-and-monuments/grand-central-terminal/": {"t": "Grand Central Terminal", "s": "Beaux-Arts commuter rail terminal and tourist attraction in New York City.", "i": "https://codexery.com/notable-buildings-and-monuments/img/notable-buildings-and-monuments/grand-central-terminal.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Grand Central Terminal · see source"}}