{"https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/e/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/pseudomonadota/": {"t": "Pseudomonadota", "s": "A diverse phylum of gram-negative bacteria with pathogenic and free-living members."}, "https://codexery.com/higher-level-taxonomy-evolution/e/higher-level-taxonomy-and-evolution/gram-negative-bacteria/": {"t": "Gram-negative bacteria", "s": "Bacteria with a thin cell wall and outer membrane, often antibiotic-resistant."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology/e/microbiology/bacterial-capsule/": {"t": "Bacterial capsule", "s": "Polysaccharide layer that shields bacteria and enables disease.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbiology/img/microbiology/bacterial-capsule.webp", "c": "Doc. RNDr. Josef Reischig, CSc. · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/whooping-cough/": {"t": "Whooping cough", "s": "A highly contagious bacterial disease causing severe coughing fits."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology/e/microbiology/electron-transport-chain/": {"t": "Electron transport chain", "s": "Series of redox reactions driving ATP synthesis via proton gradients."}, "https://codexery.com/mammals/e/mammals/baboon/": {"t": "Baboon", "s": "Large Old World monkeys native to Africa and Arabia."}, "https://codexery.com/bird-anatomy/e/bird-anatomy/avian-lung/": {"t": "Avian lung", "s": "Avian lungs use air capillaries for gas exchange."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/adenosine-triphosphate/": {"t": "Adenosine triphosphate", "s": "The molecular unit of currency for intracellular energy transfer."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/common-cold/": {"t": "Common cold", "s": "The most frequent infectious disease in humans, caused by over 200 virus strains."}, "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-sensations/e/symptoms-and-sensations/fever/": {"t": "Fever", "s": "Fever is a common symptom of an anti-infection defense mechanism."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-emergencies/e/medical-emergencies/acute-cyanosis/": {"t": "Acute cyanosis", "s": "Sudden bluish skin discoloration signaling blocked ventilation."}, "https://codexery.com/epidemiology/e/epidemiology/basic-reproduction-number/": {"t": "Basic reproduction number", "s": "R₀ measures how many people one sick person infects."}, "https://codexery.com/danish-inventions/e/danish-inventions/gram-stain/": {"t": "Gram stain", "s": "A staining method that classifies bacteria into two groups."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/cephalosporin/": {"t": "Cephalosporin", "s": "Cephalosporins are a type of β-lactam antibiotic that come from the fungus Acremonium (once called Cephalosporium)."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/lyme-disease/": {"t": "Lyme disease", "s": "A tick-borne bacterial infection common in the Northern Hemisphere, often marked by a distinctive rash and treatable with antibiotics."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/e/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/treponema-pallidum/": {"t": "Treponema pallidum", "s": "A stealthy spirochaete with subspecies causing syphilis, bejel, and yaws."}, "https://codexery.com/other-invertebrates/e/other-invertebrates/louse/": {"t": "Louse", "s": "Wingless parasitic insects that have co-evolved with birds and mammals."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/bloodstream-infection/": {"t": "Bloodstream infection", "s": "Infection of blood by bacteria, often leading to sepsis."}, "https://codexery.com/science-measurement/e/science-and-measurement/polymerase-chain-reaction/": {"t": "Polymerase chain reaction", "s": "PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences rapidly for study."}, "https://codexery.com/zoonoses/e/zoonoses/campylobacter/": {"t": "Campylobacter", "s": "Curved bacteria causing common gastroenteritis worldwide.", "i": "https://codexery.com/zoonoses/img/zoonoses/campylobacter.webp", "c": "De Wood, Pooley, USDA, ARS, EMU. · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/foodborne-illness/": {"t": "Foodborne illness", "s": "Illness from contaminated food, a major global health burden."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/gastroenteritis/": {"t": "Gastroenteritis", "s": "Inflammation of the stomach and intestines causing diarrhea and vomiting."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-triads/e/medical-triads/guillain-barr-syndrome/": {"t": "Guillain–Barré syndrome", "s": "Rapid-onset muscle weakness from immune attack on peripheral nerves."}, "https://codexery.com/steroid-responsive-inflammatory/e/steroid-responsive-inflammatory-conditions/reactive-arthritis/": {"t": "Reactive arthritis", "s": "Inflammatory arthritis triggered by infection, often with eye and urinary involvement."}, "https://codexery.com/immune-system-disorders/e/immune-system-disorders/hla-b27/": {"t": "HLA-B27", "s": "HLA-B27 is strongly linked to ankylosing spondylitis and related diseases."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology/e/microbiology/citric-acid-cycle/": {"t": "Citric acid cycle", "s": "A central metabolic pathway for energy release in respiration."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide/": {"t": "Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide", "s": "Coenzyme central to metabolism, carrying electrons in redox reactions."}, "https://codexery.com/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-s/e/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-system/enteritis/": {"t": "Enteritis", "s": "Inflammation of the small intestine with infectious and autoimmune causes."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-medicine/e/physiology-and-medicine/antibiotic/": {"t": "Antibiotic", "s": "Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances active against bacteria."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/azithromycin/": {"t": "Azithromycin", "s": "Azithromycin is an antibiotic medication used to treat several bacterial infections, including middle ear infections, strep throat, pneumonia, traveler's diarrh"}, "https://codexery.com/common-infections-and-diseases/e/common-infections-and-diseases/zoonosis/": {"t": "Zoonosis", "s": "Infectious diseases transmitted from animals to humans."}, "https://codexery.com/public-health-and-epidemiology/e/public-health-and-epidemiology/pathogen-transmission/": {"t": "Pathogen transmission", "s": "The process by which pathogens spread between hosts."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-metabolism/e/physiology-and-metabolism/gastrointestinal-tract/": {"t": "Gastrointestinal tract", "s": "The digestive passageway from mouth to anus."}, "https://codexery.com/human-anatomy/e/human-anatomy/epithelium/": {"t": "Epithelium", "s": "Protective layer of cells lining body surfaces and cavities."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/host-biology/": {"t": "Host (biology)", "s": "A larger organism that harbours a smaller symbiotic guest."}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/cell-junction/": {"t": "Cell junction", "s": "Multiprotein complexes that hold animal cells together."}, "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/e/animal-anatomy/cell-membrane/": {"t": "Cell membrane", "s": "Semipermeable lipid bilayer separating cell interior from environment.", "i": "https://codexery.com/animal-anatomy/img/animal-anatomy/cell-membrane.webp", "c": "Blackout Sea · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/nuclear-envelope/": {"t": "Nuclear envelope", "s": "Double lipid bilayer enclosing the eukaryotic nucleus.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/nuclear-envelope.webp", "c": "Mariana Ruiz LadyofHats · via Wikipedia: Nuclear envelope · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/lysosome/": {"t": "Lysosome", "s": "Membrane-bound organelles that serve as the cell's degradation center.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/lysosome.webp", "c": "Kelvinsong · via Wikipedia: Lysosome · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/medical-conditions/e/medical-conditions/inflammation/": {"t": "Inflammation", "s": "Biological defence response of body tissues to harmful stimuli."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/chlamydia/": {"t": "Chlamydia", "s": "A common sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, often asymptomatic but treatable with antibiotics."}, "https://codexery.com/higher-level-taxonomy-evolution/e/higher-level-taxonomy-and-evolution/chlamydiota/": {"t": "Chlamydiota", "s": "A bacterial phylum of obligate intracellular pathogens and symbionts, including human disease agents and newly discovered ocean-floor forms."}, "https://codexery.com/pathology/e/pathology/electron-microscope/": {"t": "Electron microscope", "s": "Uses electron beams for much higher resolution than light microscopes."}, "https://codexery.com/inflammations/e/inflammations/epididymitis/": {"t": "Epididymitis", "s": "Inflammation of the epididymis, often caused by bacterial infection."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/conjunctivitis/": {"t": "Conjunctivitis", "s": "Inflammation of the conjunctiva causing red or pink eye."}, "https://codexery.com/reproductive-biology/e/reproductive-biology/genitourinary-system/": {"t": "Genitourinary system", "s": "Combined urinary and reproductive systems in placental mammals."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/chromosome/": {"t": "Chromosome", "s": "A chromosome is a package of DNA containing part or all of the genetic material of an organism."}, "https://codexery.com/eukaryote-groups-and-taxonomy/e/eukaryote-groups-and-taxonomy/eukaryote/": {"t": "Eukaryote", "s": "Cellular organisms with a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, including animals, plants, fungi, and protists."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/gonorrhea/": {"t": "Gonorrhea", "s": "A common STI caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae."}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/apoptosis/": {"t": "Apoptosis", "s": "Programmed cell death: a regulated process essential for life and implicated in disease."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/amoxicillin/": {"t": "Amoxicillin", "s": "Amoxicillin is a penicillin-type antibiotic, specifically an aminopenicillin, used to fight bacterial infections."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/peptidoglycan/": {"t": "Peptidoglycan", "s": "Mesh-like macromolecule giving bacterial cell walls strength and shape.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/peptidoglycan.webp", "c": "Yikrazuul · Public domain"}, "/e/pathogenic-bacteria/chlamydia-pneumoniae/": {"t": "Chlamydia pneumoniae", "s": "Obligate intracellular bacterium causing pneumonia and chronic diseases."}, "https://codexery.com/zoonoses/e/zoonoses/chlamydia-abortus/": {"t": "Chlamydia abortus", "s": "Bacterial species causing abortion in mammals, including humans."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/diseases-and-conditions/pneumonia/": {"t": "Pneumonia", "s": "Inflammatory lung condition primarily affecting alveoli, caused by infection.", "i": "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/img/diseases-and-conditions/pneumonia.webp", "c": "Nephron · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/e/reproduction-and-development/reproduction/": {"t": "Reproduction", "s": "Biological process producing offspring from parent or parents.", "i": "https://codexery.com/reproduction-development/img/reproduction-and-development/reproduction.webp", "c": "MAKY.OREL · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/genome/": {"t": "Genome", "s": "The complete set of genetic material in an organism."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/bronchitis/": {"t": "Bronchitis", "s": "Inflammation of the bronchi causing cough, often viral or smoking-related."}, "https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/coronary-artery-disease/": {"t": "Coronary artery disease", "s": "The most common cardiovascular disease, caused by plaque buildup in heart arteries."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/e/medical-specialties/infectious-disease/": {"t": "Infectious disease", "s": "Illness caused by pathogens invading host tissues.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medical-specialties/img/medical-specialties/infectious-disease.webp", "c": "Rosser1954 · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/phagocytosis/": {"t": "Phagocytosis", "s": "Cellular engulfment of particles for immunity or nutrition."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/e/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/streptococcus-pneumoniae/": {"t": "Streptococcus pneumoniae", "s": "A Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic diplococcus that is a leading cause of pneumonia and meningitis.", "i": "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/img/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/streptococcus-pneumoniae.webp", "c": "Romina Camilli, Raoul JP Bonnal, Maria Del Grosso, Michele Iacono, Giorgio Corti · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cardiovascular-blood/e/cardiovascular-and-blood/atherosclerosis/": {"t": "Atherosclerosis", "s": "Chronic arterial disease driven by cholesterol and inflammation."}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/diseases-and-conditions/schizophrenia/": {"t": "Schizophrenia", "s": "A chronic mental disorder with psychotic symptoms and cognitive deficits.", "i": "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/img/diseases-and-conditions/schizophrenia.webp", "c": "cometstarmoon · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/medications-and-pharmacology/e/medications-and-pharmacology/penicillin/": {"t": "Penicillin", "s": "A group of β-lactam antibiotics from Penicillium moulds."}, "https://codexery.com/respiratory-infectious-diseases/e/respiratory-and-infectious-diseases/ampicillin/": {"t": "Ampicillin", "s": "Ampicillin is a type of antibiotic from the aminopenicillin subgroup within the penicillin family."}, "/e/pathogenic-bacteria/chlamydia-trachomatis/": {"t": "Chlamydia trachomatis", "s": "Obligate intracellular bacterium causing blindness and sexually transmitted infections."}, "https://codexery.com/higher-level-taxonomy-evolution/e/higher-level-taxonomy-and-evolution/gram-positive-bacteria/": {"t": "Gram-positive bacteria", "s": "Bacteria with thick peptidoglycan retaining crystal violet stain."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology/e/microbiology/endospore/": {"t": "Endospore", "s": "A dormant, resilient bacterial survival form triggered by starvation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbiology/img/microbiology/endospore.webp", "c": "WMrapids · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-immunology/e/microbiology-and-immunology/phylogenetic-tree/": {"t": "Phylogenetic tree", "s": "Branching diagram showing evolutionary relationships among species."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/new-mexico/": {"t": "New Mexico", "s": "Land of diverse cultures, history, and high desert."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics-fundamentals/e/genetics-fundamentals/horizontal-gene-transfer/": {"t": "Horizontal gene transfer", "s": "Movement of genetic material between organisms not via parent-to-offspring inheritance."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/amino-acid/": {"t": "Amino acid", "s": "The building blocks of proteins, with 20 standard α-amino acids directly encoded by the genetic code and two rare ones incorporated via recoding."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-metabolism/e/physiology-and-metabolism/lactose/": {"t": "Lactose", "s": "A disaccharide sugar found in milk, used in food and pharmaceuticals."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology/e/microbiology/spore/": {"t": "Spore", "s": "A reproductive unit adapted for dispersal and survival.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbiology/img/microbiology/spore.webp", "c": "Ivar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/cell-division/": {"t": "Cell division", "s": "Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells."}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/flagellum/": {"t": "Flagellum", "s": "A hair-like appendage providing motility across all domains of life."}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/biosynthesis/": {"t": "Biosynthesis", "s": "Enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of biological molecules from nutrients."}, "https://codexery.com/fruits-and-vegetables/e/fruits-and-vegetables/green-bean/": {"t": "Green bean", "s": "Green beans are unripe pods harvested before seed maturity."}, "https://codexery.com/ingredients/e/ingredients/honey/": {"t": "Honey", "s": "Sweet substance produced by bees for colony nourishment."}, "https://codexery.com/belgian-cuisine/e/belgian-cuisine/jambon-d-ardenne/": {"t": "Jambon d'Ardenne", "s": "A dry-cured ham from the Ardennes with protected geographical status."}, "https://codexery.com/medical-conditions/e/medical-conditions/stroke/": {"t": "Stroke", "s": "A medical emergency caused by interrupted blood flow to the brain."}, "/e/pathogenic-bacteria/clostridium-perfringens/": {"t": "Clostridium perfringens", "s": "A Gram-positive anaerobe causing food poisoning and gas gangrene."}, "/e/pathogenic-bacteria/clostridium-tetani/": {"t": "Clostridium tetani", "s": "Soil bacterium that causes tetanus via a potent neurotoxin."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/e/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/salmonella/": {"t": "Salmonella", "s": "A genus of Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria that includes both typhoidal and nontyphoidal serotypes causing human disease."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/e/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/staphylococcus-aureus/": {"t": "Staphylococcus aureus", "s": "A common bacterium that can turn deadly.", "i": "https://codexery.com/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/img/infectious-agents-and-pathogens/staphylococcus-aureus.webp", "c": "DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS) · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-s/e/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-system/cholecystitis/": {"t": "Cholecystitis", "s": "Inflammation of the gallbladder, often caused by gallstones.", "i": "https://codexery.com/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-s/img/inflammatory-diseases-of-the-digestive-system/cholecystitis.webp", "c": "Nephron · CC BY-SA 3.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/necrosis/": {"t": "Necrosis", "s": "Unregulated cell death causing inflammation and tissue damage."}, "https://codexery.com/engineering-disciplines/e/engineering-disciplines/genetic-engineering/": {"t": "Genetic engineering", "s": "Direct manipulation of an organism's genes using technology."}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/polymers-and-macromolecules/polyethylene/": {"t": "Polyethylene", "s": "Polyethylene is the most commonly produced plastic worldwide."}, "https://codexery.com/polymers-and-macromolecules/e/polymers-and-macromolecules/polyethylene-glycol/": {"t": "Polyethylene glycol", "s": "A versatile polyether used in medicine, industry, and preservation."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/lactic-acid/": {"t": "Lactic acid", "s": "Organic acid central to metabolism, industry, and medicine."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry/e/chemistry/ethanol/": {"t": "Ethanol", "s": "Organic compound, CNS depressant, active ingredient in alcoholic beverages."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/maltose/": {"t": "Maltose", "s": "A disaccharide sugar formed from two glucose units."}, "https://codexery.com/botany-plant-biology/e/botany-and-plant-biology/starch/": {"t": "Starch", "s": "A polysaccharide energy store in plants and human staple."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/mucus/": {"t": "Mucus", "s": "Slippery gel protecting and lubricating body surfaces."}, "/e/pathogenic-bacteria/clostridium-botulinum/": {"t": "Clostridium botulinum", "s": "Anaerobic bacterium producing the most potent known neurotoxin."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/neurotransmitter/": {"t": "Neurotransmitter", "s": "Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses between neurons or to target cells."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry/e/chemistry/formaldehyde/": {"t": "Formaldehyde", "s": "Simplest aldehyde, key industrial chemical, and atmospheric pollutant."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/notable/hippocrates/": {"t": "Hippocrates", "s": "Father of Medicine who separated medicine from religion and emphasized natural causes of disease."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-classical-texts/e/ancient-and-classical-texts/hippocratic-corpus/": {"t": "Hippocratic Corpus", "s": "Collection of ancient Greek medical works attributed to Hippocrates.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ancient-classical-texts/img/ancient-and-classical-texts/hippocratic-corpus.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Hippocratic Corpus · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/pioneers-of-medicine/e/pioneers-of-medicine/kitasato-shibasabur/": {"t": "Kitasato Shibasaburō", "s": "Japanese bacteriologist who co-discovered the plague bacillus."}, "https://codexery.com/revolutions-and-conflicts/e/revolutions-and-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "The First World War, a global conflict from 1914 to 1918, was fought between the Allied and Central Powers."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/diphtheria/": {"t": "Diphtheria", "s": "A bacterial infection causing a thick throat membrane; preventable by vaccine."}, "https://codexery.com/national-economies/e/national-economies/developing-country/": {"t": "Developing country", "s": "A country with a less-developed industrial base and lower HDI, though definitions vary widely."}, "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/e/cell-and-molecular-biology/plasmid/": {"t": "Plasmid", "s": "Small, extrachromosomal DNA molecules that replicate independently within cells.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cell-and-molecular-biology/img/cell-and-molecular-biology/plasmid.webp", "c": "explorebiology · via Wikipedia: Plasmid · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/bovine-diseases/e/bovine-diseases/corynebacterium-renale/": {"t": "Corynebacterium renale", "s": "Bacterium causing urinary tract infections in cattle."}, "https://codexery.com/aquarium-water-chemistry/e/aquarium-water-chemistry/coliform-bacteria/": {"t": "Coliform bacteria", "s": "Indicator bacteria for fecal contamination in water."}, "https://codexery.com/ecology-and-behavior/e/ecology-and-behavior/mutualism-biology/": {"t": "Mutualism (biology)", "s": "Ecological interaction where each species has a net benefit."}, "https://codexery.com/aquarium-water-chemistry/e/aquarium-water-chemistry/bioindicator/": {"t": "Bioindicator", "s": "Organisms revealing environmental quality through their responses."}, "https://codexery.com/physiology-metabolism/e/physiology-and-metabolism/feces/": {"t": "Feces", "s": "Solid waste discharged during defecation, used in agriculture and medicine."}, "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/e/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/prokaryote/": {"t": "Prokaryote", "s": "Single-celled organisms without a nucleus, foundational to life on Earth.", "i": "https://codexery.com/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/img/microbial-groups-and-extremophiles/prokaryote.webp", "c": "Mariana Ruiz Villarreal, LadyofHats translated in gujarati by User:Sushant_savla · CC0"}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology-and-cell-biology/e/microbiology-and-cell-biology/microbiology/": {"t": "Microbiology", "s": "Scientific study of microscopic organisms and their roles."}, "https://codexery.com/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/e/biochemistry-and-cell-biology/cell-wall/": {"t": "Cell wall", "s": "Structural layer outside cell membrane providing support and protection."}, "https://codexery.com/cellular-biology/e/cellular-biology/catabolism/": {"t": "Catabolism", "s": "Catabolism breaks down molecules to release energy for cells."}, "https://codexery.com/biology-concepts/e/biology-concepts/metabolism/": {"t": "Metabolism", "s": "Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions sustaining life."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/magnesium-sulfate/": {"t": "Magnesium sulfate", "s": "A versatile salt used in agriculture, medicine, and industry."}, "https://codexery.com/microbiology/e/microbiology/anaerobic-respiration/": {"t": "Anaerobic respiration", "s": "Respiration without oxygen, using alternative electron acceptors."}, "https://codexery.com/reaction-mechanisms-and-kinetics/e/reaction-mechanisms-and-kinetics/redox/": {"t": "Redox", "s": "Chemical reactions where oxidation states change via electron or atom transfer."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/nitrate/": {"t": "Nitrate", "s": "Nitrate is a polyatomic ion used in fertilizers and explosives."}, "https://codexery.com/brewing-processes/e/brewing-processes/fermentation/": {"t": "Fermentation", "s": "Anaerobic metabolism using organic compounds as both electron donor and acceptor."}, "https://codexery.com/genetics/e/genetics/dna-replication/": {"t": "DNA 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"https://codexery.com/common-diseases-disorders/e/common-diseases-and-disorders/dermatitis/": {"t": "Dermatitis", "s": "Common skin inflammation with many forms."}, "https://codexery.com/infectious-diseases/e/infectious-diseases/epidemic/": {"t": "Epidemic", "s": "Rapid spread of disease above normally expected levels."}, "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs-skin-and-subcutaneous/e/symptoms-and-signs-skin-and-subcutaneous-tissue/petechia/": {"t": "Petechia", "s": "Small capillary hemorrhage spots used in medical and forensic contexts.", "i": "https://codexery.com/symptoms-and-signs-skin-and-subcutaneous/img/symptoms-and-signs-skin-and-subcutaneous-tissue/petechia.webp", "c": "EL MONTACER Kaoutar · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/pathogenic-bacteria/haemophilus-influenzae/": {"t": "Haemophilus influenzae", "s": "A pathogenic bacterium once mistaken for the cause of influenza."}, "https://codexery.com/human-variation-and-health/e/human-variation-and-health/medical-emergency/": {"t": "Medical 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