{"https://codexery.com/trains/e/legendary-trains/the-shinkansen/": {"t": "The Shinkansen", "s": "Japan's legendary bullet trains, as listed in the reference compendium.", "i": "https://codexery.com/trains/img/legendary-trains/the-shinkansen.webp", "c": "Grendelkhan · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/electric-motors/e/electric-motors/traction-motor/": {"t": "Traction motor", "s": "Electric motor for vehicle propulsion, used since 1875.", "i": "https://codexery.com/electric-motors/img/electric-motors/traction-motor.webp", "c": "N509FZ · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/100-series-shinkansen/": {"t": "100 Series Shinkansen", "s": "First Shinkansen with double-decker cars, introduced 1985."}, "https://codexery.com/aerospace-companies-of-japan/e/aerospace-companies-of-japan/kawasaki-heavy-industries/": {"t": "Kawasaki Heavy Industries", "s": "Japanese multinational heavy industrial manufacturer with aerospace and defense operations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/aerospace-companies-of-japan/img/aerospace-companies-of-japan/kawasaki-heavy-industries.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Kawasaki Heavy Industries · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/high-speed-rail/": {"t": "High-speed rail", "s": "Fastest ground-based commercial transport, with no single global definition."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/200-series-shinkansen/": {"t": "200 Series Shinkansen", "s": "A lighter, more powerful Shinkansen for mountain routes."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/0-series-shinkansen/": {"t": "0 Series Shinkansen", "s": "First Shinkansen type, operated from 1964 to 2008."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/tokyo/": {"t": "Tokyo", "s": "The capital of Japan, a global hub of economy, culture, and innovation."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/400-series-shinkansen/": {"t": "400 Series Shinkansen", "s": "Mini-Shinkansen train for Yamagata Shinkansen Tsubasa services."}, "https://codexery.com/prefectures-of-japan/e/prefectures-of-japan/yamagata-prefecture/": {"t": "Yamagata Prefecture", "s": "A prefecture of mountains, cherries, and historic Dewa Province.", "i": "https://codexery.com/prefectures-of-japan/img/prefectures-of-japan/yamagata-prefecture.webp", "c": "さかおり · via Wikipedia: Yamagata Prefecture · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/e4-series-shinkansen/": {"t": "E4 Series Shinkansen", "s": "Double-deck Shinkansen with world's highest seating capacity."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/acela-express-trainset/": {"t": "Acela Express (trainset)", "s": "First-generation high-speed trainset for Amtrak's Northeast Corridor."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/washington-d-c/": {"t": "Washington, D.C.", "s": "The federal capital city of the United States, anchored on the Potomac River."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/new-york-city/": {"t": "New York City", "s": "The most populous city in the United States, a global center of finance, culture, and diplomacy."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/e/regions-and-cultural-spheres/americas/": {"t": "Americas", "s": "The New World landmass spanning from Arctic tundra to tropical rainforests.", "i": "https://codexery.com/regions-cultural-spheres/img/regions-and-cultural-spheres/americas.webp", "c": "GrandEscogriffe · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/us-cities/e/us-cities/trenton-new-jersey/": {"t": "Trenton, New Jersey", "s": "Capital of New Jersey and brief U.S. capital."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-manufacturers/e/radio-manufacturers/siemens/": {"t": "Siemens", "s": "European engineering giant with roots in telegraphy and industrial automation."}, "https://codexery.com/electric-motors/e/electric-motors/alstom/": {"t": "Alstom", "s": "French multinational rail transport systems manufacturer."}, "https://codexery.com/people-with-speech-disorders/e/people-with-speech-disorders/joe-biden/": {"t": "Joe Biden", "s": "46th president of the United States, former senator and vice president."}, "https://codexery.com/electric-motors/e/electric-motors/abb/": {"t": "ABB", "s": "Swedish-Swiss technology firm in electrification and automation."}, "https://codexery.com/trains/e/legendary-trains/the-tgv/": {"t": "The TGV", "s": "French high-speed rail pioneer.", "i": "https://codexery.com/trains/img/legendary-trains/the-tgv.webp", "c": "Nelso Silva · via Wikipedia: TGV · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism/e/electromagnetism/alternating-current/": {"t": "Alternating current", "s": "Electric current that reverses direction and enables efficient power transmission."}, "https://codexery.com/meteorology/e/meteorology/hertz/": {"t": "Hertz", "s": "German physicist who proved electromagnetic waves exist."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-inventions/e/russian-inventions/airliner/": {"t": "Airliner", "s": "Aircraft designed for transporting passengers and cargo by airlines."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-events-places/e/historical-events-and-places/september-11-attacks/": {"t": "September 11 attacks", "s": "Coordinated al-Qaeda suicide hijackings killed nearly 3,000 people."}, "https://codexery.com/disability/e/disability/accessibility/": {"t": "Accessibility", "s": "Designing products and environments for use by disabled people."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/acela/": {"t": "Acela", "s": "Amtrak's high-speed service on the Northeast Corridor."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/bombardier-alstom-hhp-8/": {"t": "Bombardier–Alstom HHP-8", "s": "Electric locomotive built for Amtrak and MARC."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/new-jersey/": {"t": "New Jersey", "s": "Most densely populated U.S. state, hub of biopharmaceutical innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/rhode-island/": {"t": "Rhode Island", "s": "Smallest U.S. state, founded as a haven for religious liberty."}, "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/e/u-s-states/massachusetts/": {"t": "Massachusetts", "s": "A New England state with a rich colonial and revolutionary history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/u-s-states/img/u-s-states/massachusetts.webp", "c": "TylerKutschbach · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/stockholm/": {"t": "Stockholm", "s": "The capital of Sweden, spanning fourteen islands where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-inventions/e/ancient-inventions/hydraulics/": {"t": "Hydraulics", "s": "Technology using pressurized liquids for power and control."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-222/": {"t": "British Rail Class 222", "s": "Diesel-electric multiple-unit of the Bombardier Voyager family."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-802/": {"t": "British Rail Class 802", "s": "Bi-mode train based on Hitachi A-train design."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-221/": {"t": "British Rail Class 221", "s": "Tilting diesel-electric multiple unit for express passenger services."}, "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/e/civil-law-and-remedies/lease/": {"t": "Lease", "s": "A contract granting use of an asset for payment.", "i": "https://codexery.com/civil-law-and-remedies/img/civil-law-and-remedies/lease.webp", "c": "Paul Sableman · CC BY 2.0"}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-800/": {"t": "British Rail Class 800", "s": "Bi-mode high-speed train for UK main lines."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/world/london/": {"t": "London", "s": "Roman Londinium and medieval England's largest town."}, "https://codexery.com/pandemics/e/pandemics/covid-19-pandemic/": {"t": "COVID-19 pandemic", "s": "Global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, beginning in late 2019."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-810/": {"t": "British Rail Class 810", "s": "Bi-mode multiple unit for East Midlands Railway, introduced December 2025."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-390/": {"t": "British Rail Class 390", "s": "Tilting electric multiple unit for the West Coast Main Line."}, "https://codexery.com/swedish-inventions/e/swedish-inventions/diesel-electric-powertrain/": {"t": "Diesel–electric powertrain", "s": "Diesel engine generates electricity to drive electric motors, no gearbox needed."}, "https://codexery.com/electrical-systems/e/electrical-systems/electric-generator/": {"t": "Electric generator", "s": "Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy for external circuits."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/e/world-heritage-sites-in-belgium/bruges/": {"t": "Bruges", "s": "Capital of West Flanders, historic canal city and UNESCO site."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-220/": {"t": "British Rail Class 220", "s": "Diesel-electric high-speed multiple unit introduced in 2001."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-807/": {"t": "British Rail Class 807", "s": "Electric multiple unit for Avanti West Coast."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-805/": {"t": "British Rail Class 805", "s": "Bi-mode multiple unit built for Avanti West Coast."}, "https://codexery.com/sports-and-games/e/sports-and-games/auto-racing/": {"t": "Auto racing", "s": "Auto racing is motorsport involving the racing of automobiles."}, "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/e/corporations-and-conglomerates/vodafone/": {"t": "Vodafone", "s": "British telecom giant with global network reach.", "i": "https://codexery.com/corporations-conglomerates/img/corporations-and-conglomerates/vodafone.webp", "c": "Pam Brophy · via Wikipedia: Vodafone · CC BY-SA 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/cumbria/": {"t": "Cumbria", "s": "Ceremonial county in North West England, home to the Lake District."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/cheshire/": {"t": "Cheshire", "s": "Ceremonial county in North West England with diverse economy."}, "https://codexery.com/electric-motors/e/electric-motors/induction-motor/": {"t": "Induction motor", "s": "An AC motor that creates torque solely by electromagnetic induction."}, "https://codexery.com/energy-power/e/energy-and-power/air-conditioning/": {"t": "Air conditioning", "s": "Cooling the world, from ancient passive designs to modern electric systems."}, "https://codexery.com/the-olympics/e/legends/steve-redgrave/": {"t": "Steve Redgrave", "s": "Five Olympic golds at five straight Games, three of them with Matthew Pinsent."}, "https://codexery.com/cycling/e/cycling/chris-hoy/": {"t": "Chris Hoy", "s": "Six-time Olympic champion and 11-time world champion track cyclist from Scotland."}, "https://codexery.com/olympic-track-field/e/olympic-track-and-field/daley-thompson/": {"t": "Daley Thompson", "s": "The world's greatest all-round athlete."}, "https://codexery.com/people-with-alopecia-universalis/e/people-with-alopecia-universalis/duncan-goodhew/": {"t": "Duncan Goodhew", "s": "English Olympic gold medalist swimmer and motivational speaker."}, "https://codexery.com/olympic-champions/e/olympic-champions/mo-farah/": {"t": "Mo Farah", "s": "The most successful male track distance runner in history, with four Olympic and six World titles."}, "https://codexery.com/modern-conflicts/e/modern-conflicts/world-war-i/": {"t": "World War I", "s": "Global conflict between Allies and Central Powers, 1914–1918."}, "https://codexery.com/model-manufacturers/e/model-manufacturers/hornby-railways/": {"t": "Hornby Railways", "s": "British model railway brand that pioneered OO gauge."}, "https://codexery.com/scale-models-and-railroads/e/scale-models-and-railroads/oo-gauge/": {"t": "OO gauge", "s": "The dominant model railway standard in the United Kingdom."}, "https://codexery.com/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/e/classical-mechanics-and-dynamics/fatigue-material/": {"t": "Fatigue (material)", "s": "Cyclic loading causes crack growth and eventual fracture."}, "https://codexery.com/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/e/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/corrosion/": {"t": "Corrosion", "s": "Natural process converting refined metals into stable oxides.", "i": "https://codexery.com/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/img/electrochemistry-and-surface-chemistry/corrosion.webp", "c": "Engr Hafiza Maida · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-395/": {"t": "British Rail Class 395", "s": "First Japanese-built train in British service, operating on High Speed 1."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-801/": {"t": "British Rail Class 801", "s": "Electric multiple unit for East Coast Main Line services."}, "https://codexery.com/radio-modulation-modes/e/radio-modulation-modes/4g/": {"t": "4G", "s": "All-IP packet-switched cellular generation with gigabit-speed capability."}, "https://codexery.com/chemistry-materials/e/chemistry-and-materials/nitrogen/": {"t": "Nitrogen", "s": "Nitrogen is a colourless, odourless diatomic gas forming 78% of Earth's air."}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism/e/electromagnetism/direct-current/": {"t": "Direct current", "s": "Direct current flows in one constant direction."}, "https://codexery.com/the-crown/e/characters/elizabeth-ii/": {"t": "Elizabeth II", "s": "Queen for 70 years and the centre of The Crown, played by Claire Foy, Olivia Colman and Imelda Staunton."}, "https://codexery.com/model-manufacturers/e/model-manufacturers/kato-precision-railroad-models/": {"t": "Kato Precision Railroad Models", "s": "Japanese model railroad manufacturer known for Unitrack and KATO Digital."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/devon/": {"t": "Devon", "s": "Ceremonial county in South West England with two coastlines."}, "https://codexery.com/english-counties/e/english-counties/cornwall/": {"t": "Cornwall", "s": "A Celtic nation and ceremonial county in South West England."}, "https://codexery.com/regions-of-england/e/regions-of-england/county-durham/": {"t": "County Durham", "s": "Ceremonial county in North East England with historic coal mining heritage."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/british-rail-class-180/": {"t": "British Rail Class 180", "s": "Diesel-hydraulic multiple unit, 125 mph capability."}, "https://codexery.com/electric-motors/e/electric-motors/electric-motor/": {"t": "Electric motor", "s": "Converts electrical energy to mechanical energy via magnetic fields."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/prague/": {"t": "Prague", "s": "City of a Hundred Spires"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/austria/": {"t": "Austria", "s": "A landlocked Central European nation with a rich imperial history and a modern neutral democracy."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/e/cities-of-the-world/bratislava/": {"t": "Bratislava", "s": "Capital of Slovakia, historic coronation city of Hungarian kings.", "i": "https://codexery.com/cities-of-the-world/img/cities-of-the-world/bratislava.webp", "c": "Lukáš Perný · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/hexie-train/": {"t": "Hexie (train)", "s": "Umbrella brand for China's foreign-derived high-speed EMU trains."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/qingdao/": {"t": "Qingdao", "s": "A historic port city blending German heritage with modern Chinese dynamism."}, "https://codexery.com/states-and-regions/e/states-and-regions/shandong/": {"t": "Shandong", "s": "Coastal province, cradle of Confucianism and Taoism."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/bombardier-regina/": {"t": "Bombardier Regina", "s": "Swedish EMU for regional service, record holder at 303 km/h."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/shanghai/": {"t": "Shanghai", "s": "China's most populous city and a global hub for finance and innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/space-program-of-japan/e/space-program-of-japan/mitsubishi-electric/": {"t": "Mitsubishi Electric", "s": "Japanese multinational electronics and electrical equipment manufacturer."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/china-railway-crh1/": {"t": "China Railway CRH1", "s": "Chinese electric multiple unit family based on Bombardier Regina and Zefiro designs."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/china-railway-crh5/": {"t": "China Railway CRH5", "s": "Non-tilting high-speed EMU based on Italian Pendolino technology."}, "https://codexery.com/companies-and-conglomerates/e/companies-and-conglomerates/deutsche-bahn/": {"t": "Deutsche Bahn", "s": "National railway company of Germany, state-owned since 1994.", "i": "https://codexery.com/companies-and-conglomerates/img/companies-and-conglomerates/deutsche-bahn.webp", "c": "™/®Deutsche Bahn AG · via Wikipedia: Deutsche Bahn · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/electromagnetism/e/electromagnetism/transformer/": {"t": "Transformer", "s": "Passive component that transfers electrical energy via electromagnetic induction."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/fs-class-etr-600/": {"t": "FS Class ETR 600", "s": "Tilting high-speed train for Italian domestic service."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/china-railway-crh2/": {"t": "China Railway CRH2", "s": "Chinese high-speed train derived from Japanese Shinkansen technology."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/beijing/": {"t": "Beijing", "s": "The world's most populous national capital, blending millennia of history with cutting-edge innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/ibises/e/ibises/crested-ibis/": {"t": "Crested ibis", "s": "A rare ibis species with a bare red face and dense nape crest."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/e1-series-shinkansen/": {"t": "E1 Series Shinkansen", "s": "First double-deck Shinkansen, marketed as Max."}, "https://codexery.com/transportation/e/transportation/rail-transport/": {"t": "Rail transport", "s": "Wheeled vehicles on steel rails for efficient land transport."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/ice-l/": {"t": "ICE L", "s": "Low-floor push-pull train for German long-distance routes."}, "https://codexery.com/german-states/e/german-states/hamburg/": {"t": "Hamburg", "s": "Second-largest German city and major Hanseatic port."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/berlin/": {"t": "Berlin", "s": "The heart of Europe, a city of culture and history."}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/france/": {"t": "France", "s": "A global centre of art, science, cuisine and philosophy."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/amsterdam/": {"t": "Amsterdam", "s": "Venice of the North"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-on-rivers/e/cities-on-rivers/rotterdam/": {"t": "Rotterdam", "s": "Europe's largest seaport, gateway to a continent of over 500 million consumers."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/world/aachen/": {"t": "Aachen", "s": "Charlemagne's royal residence, the cradle of Europe."}, "https://codexery.com/companies-and-conglomerates/e/companies-and-conglomerates/ferrovie-dello-stato-italiane/": {"t": "Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane", "s": "Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane S.p.A., often shortened to FS, is the state-owned railway holding company of Italy."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/florence/": {"t": "Florence", "s": "Birthplace of the Renaissance and capital of Tuscany."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/rome/": {"t": "Rome", "s": "The Eternal City, capital of Italy and cradle of Western civilization."}, "https://codexery.com/napoli/e/culture/naples/": {"t": "Naples", "s": "Ancient Greek colony and historic capital of southern Italy."}, "https://codexery.com/science-and-technology/e/science-and-technology/trans-european-high-speed-rail-network/": {"t": "Trans-European high-speed rail network", "s": "EU high-speed rail network defined for interoperability across member states."}, "https://codexery.com/band-of-brothers/e/world/holland-netherlands/": {"t": "Netherlands", "s": "Holland: Market Garden and 'the Island'."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/e/world-heritage-sites-in-italy/genoa/": {"t": "Genoa", "s": "Capital of Liguria and historic maritime republic on the Gulf of Genoa."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/fs-class-etr-500/": {"t": "FS Class ETR 500", "s": "Italian high-speed train family introduced in 1993."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/brussels/": {"t": "Brussels", "s": "The capital of Belgium and de facto capital of the European Union."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/coastal/venice/": {"t": "Venice", "s": "The Floating City of Canals and History"}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/fuxing-train/": {"t": "Fuxing (train)", "s": "China's first domestically designed high-speed EMU series."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/china-railway-crh3/": {"t": "China Railway CRH3", "s": "Chinese high-speed train derived from Siemens Velaro design."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/emd-aem-7/": {"t": "EMD AEM-7", "s": "Swedish-derived electric locomotive for US passenger service."}, "https://codexery.com/units-measurement/e/units-and-measurement/joule/": {"t": "Joule", "s": "English physicist whose work led to the SI unit of energy."}, "https://codexery.com/electric-motors/e/electric-motors/regenerative-braking/": {"t": "Regenerative braking", "s": "Regenerative braking recovers kinetic energy by reversing electric motors."}, "/e/passenger-trains-running-at-least-at-200-km-h-in-commercial-/flixtrain/": {"t": "FlixTrain", "s": "German open-access rail operator supplementing FlixBus network."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/cultural/vienna/": {"t": "Vienna", "s": "Capital on the Danube, heart of Austria"}}