{"/e/oirats/choros-oirats/": {"t": "Choros (Oirats)", "s": "Ruling clan of the Four Oirat and founders of the Dzungar Khanate."}, "/e/oirats/khoshut/": {"t": "Khoshut", "s": "One of the four major Oirat tribes, founders of the Khoshut Khanate."}, "/e/oirats/zaya-pandita/": {"t": "Zaya Pandita", "s": "Oirat Buddhist scholar who invented the Clear Script."}, "/e/oirats/qutuqa-beki/": {"t": "Qutuqa Beki", "s": "Oirat leader who submitted to Genghis Khan in 1207."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/mongols/": {"t": "Mongols", "s": "East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and parts of China and Siberia."}, "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/e/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/altai-mountains/": {"t": "Altai Mountains", "s": "Central Asian mountain range where four nations converge.", "i": "https://codexery.com/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/img/mountains-and-mountain-ranges/altai-mountains.webp", "c": "Rudyologist · via Wikipedia: Altai Mountains · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/epic-poetry-myth/e/epic-poetry-and-myth/secret-history-of-the-mongols/": {"t": "Secret History of the Mongols", "s": "The oldest surviving literary work in the Mongolic languages, recounting the life and conquests of Genghis Khan."}, "/e/oirats/dzungar-people/": {"t": "Dzungar people", "s": "Mongol Oirat tribes of the Dzungar Khanate."}, "/e/oirats/d-rbet-oirat/": {"t": "Dörbet Oirat", "s": "Second largest Mongol subgroup, formerly a major Oirat tribe."}, "https://codexery.com/russian-federal-subjects/e/russian-federal-subjects/kalmykia/": {"t": "Kalmykia", "s": "The Buddhist heart of Europe on the Caspian steppe."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/gelug/": {"t": "Gelug", "s": "Youngest major school of Tibetan Buddhism, founded by Je Tsongkhapa."}, "/e/oirats/oirat-language/": {"t": "Oirat language", "s": "A Mongolic language of the Oirats across three nations."}, "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/e/writing-systems/cyrillic-script/": {"t": "Cyrillic script", "s": "Third official script of the European Union.", "i": "https://codexery.com/writing-systems/img/writing-systems/cyrillic-script.webp", "c": "Crissov , Gojdo · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/turkic-peoples/": {"t": "Turkic peoples", "s": "A collection of diverse ethnic groups speaking Turkic languages, originating in Central-East Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/yuan-dynasty/": {"t": "Yuan dynasty", "s": "Mongol-led dynasty that ruled all of China proper."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/lore/genghis-khan/": {"t": "Genghis Khan", "s": "Temüjin, the steppe chieftain's son who united the Mongols and founded their empire.", "i": "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/img/lore/genghis-khan.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Genghis Khan · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/mongol-empire/": {"t": "Mongol Empire", "s": "Largest contiguous land empire in history."}, "/e/oirats/arghun-aqa/": {"t": "Arghun Aqa", "s": "Mongol Oirat noble and governor of Persia before the Ilkhanate."}, "/e/oirats/nawr-z-mongol-emir/": {"t": "Nawrūz (Mongol emir)", "s": "Oirat emir who shaped Ilkhanate politics and Ghazan's rise."}, "https://codexery.com/sieges-and-battles/e/sieges-and-battles/siege-of-baghdad/": {"t": "Siege of Baghdad", "s": "The 1258 Mongol sack of Baghdad ended Abbasid rule and reshaped the Islamic world."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/factions/golden-horde/": {"t": "Golden Horde", "s": "The Mongol, later Turkic, khanate of the western steppe founded by Batu."}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-empires/e/ancient-empires/ming-dynasty/": {"t": "Ming dynasty", "s": "The last Han-led imperial dynasty of China."}, "/e/oirats/esen-taishi/": {"t": "Esen Taishi", "s": "Oirat taishi who captured a Ming emperor and briefly became khagan."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-emperors-and-leaders/e/chinese-emperors-and-leaders/emperor-yingzong-of-ming/": {"t": "Emperor Yingzong of Ming", "s": "Ming emperor captured at the Battle of Tumu Fortress, later restored to power."}, "https://codexery.com/founders-and-unifiers-of-asian-dynasties/e/founders-and-unifiers-of-asian-dynasties/dayan-khan/": {"t": "Dayan Khan", "s": "Reunifier of the Mongols under Chinggisid rule"}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/e/buddhist-concepts-and-schools/tibetan-buddhism/": {"t": "Tibetan Buddhism", "s": "Tibetan Buddhism: A Mahayana tradition preserving Indian tantric practices and native developments, with four major schools and a non-sectarian Rimé movement."}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/abu-sa-id-bahadur-khan/": {"t": "Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan", "s": "Ninth Ilkhanate ruler whose death led to the realm's collapse."}, "https://codexery.com/ilkhanate/e/ilkhanate/sutay/": {"t": "Sutay", "s": "Mongol emir and hereditary governor of Diyar Bakr."}, "/e/oirats/oirats/": {"t": "Oirats", "s": "Westernmost Mongol group, ancestral home in Altai region."}, "https://codexery.com/world-heritage-sites-in-turkey/e/world-heritage-sites-in-turkey/diyarbak-r/": {"t": "Diyarbakır", "s": "Ancient city on the Tigris, Kurdish cultural and political center."}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/hulegu-khan/": {"t": "Hulegu Khan", "s": "Mongol conqueror who founded the Ilkhanate and sacked Baghdad."}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/gaykhatu/": {"t": "Gaykhatu", "s": "Fifth Ilkhanate ruler who introduced paper money."}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/baydu/": {"t": "Baydu", "s": "Sixth Ilkhan, deposed his cousin Gaykhatu after a personal insult."}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/ghazan/": {"t": "Ghazan", "s": "Seventh Ilkhan who converted to Islam and reformed the state."}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/ljait/": {"t": "Öljaitü", "s": "Eighth Ilkhanid ruler who shifted between religions and built Soltaniyeh."}, "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-iran/e/provinces-of-iran/gilan-province/": {"t": "Gilan province", "s": "A Caspian province with ancient roots and a history of independence.", "i": "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-iran/img/provinces-of-iran/gilan-province.webp", "c": "Mahdi Almasi · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities-founded-by-alexander-the-great/e/cities-founded-by-alexander-the-great/herat/": {"t": "Herat", "s": "Ancient Silk Road city and gateway to Iran and Turkmenistan."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/e/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/anatolia/": {"t": "Anatolia", "s": "Peninsula in West Asia, historic cradle of civilizations.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/img/peninsulas-and-cape-landforms/anatolia.webp", "c": "Anatolianist · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/ancient-cities/baghdad/": {"t": "Baghdad", "s": "Center of Learning"}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/musa-ilkhanid-dynasty/": {"t": "Musa (Ilkhanid dynasty)", "s": "Ilkhan for four months, grandson of Baydu."}, "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/e/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-and-beyond/al-nasir-muhammad/": {"t": "Al-Nasir Muhammad", "s": "The nine-year-old sultan who ruled Egypt three times", "i": "https://codexery.com/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-an/img/reformers-and-leaders-of-the-americas-and-beyond/al-nasir-muhammad.webp", "c": "Ashashyou · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/iranian-cities/e/iranian-cities/tabriz/": {"t": "Tabriz", "s": "Major economic and cultural hub in northwestern Iran."}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/muhammad-khan-ilkhan/": {"t": "Muhammad Khan (Ilkhan)", "s": "Child claimant to the Ilkhanate, raised by Hasan Buzurg."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/mosul/": {"t": "Mosul", "s": "Major northern Iraqi city on the Tigris, near ancient Nineveh."}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/togha-tem-r/": {"t": "Togha Temür", "s": "Last major Genghisid claimant to the Ilkhanate throne."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-groups/e/ethnic-groups/kurds/": {"t": "Kurds", "s": "An Iranic ethnic group indigenous to Kurdistan, spanning parts of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria."}, "/e/oirats/dayan-khan-khoshut/": {"t": "Dayan Khan (Khoshut)", "s": "Second Khoshut khan and protector-king of Tibet."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/qing-dynasty/": {"t": "Qing dynasty", "s": "The Qing dynasty, also called the Great Qing or Qing China, was an early modern empire in East Asia ruled by the Manchu people."}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/dzungar-khanate/": {"t": "Dzungar Khanate", "s": "Last nomadic empire of the Oirat Mongols, spanning Central Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-in-the-qing-dynasty/e/rebellions-in-the-qing-dynasty/dungan-revolt-1862-1877/": {"t": "Dungan Revolt (1862–1877)", "s": "A war between Hui Muslims and Qing forces in 19th-century western China."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-dialects/e/languages-and-dialects/esperanto/": {"t": "Esperanto", "s": "World's most widely spoken constructed auxiliary language."}, "/e/oirats/galdan-boshugtu-khan/": {"t": "Galdan Boshugtu Khan", "s": "Choros-Oirat khan who expanded the Dzungar Khanate."}, "/e/oirats/erdeni-batur/": {"t": "Erdeni Batur", "s": "Choros-Oirat prince and founder of the Dzungar Khanate."}, "/e/oirats/g-shi-khan/": {"t": "Güshi Khan", "s": "Khoshut prince who founded the Khoshut Khanate in Tibet."}, "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/e/world-wonders/the-great-wall-of-china/": {"t": "The Great Wall of China", "s": "An ancient defensive system spanning thousands of miles across China's northern borders.", "i": "https://codexery.com/world-wonders/img/world-wonders/the-great-wall-of-china.webp", "c": "Jakub Hałun · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/cultural-and-historical-regions/e/cultural-and-historical-regions/khorasan/": {"t": "Khorasan", "s": "Historical eastern region of the Iranian Plateau and Central Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/e/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/ilkhanate/": {"t": "Ilkhanate", "s": "Mongol khanate ruling Iran and West Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/img/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/ilkhanate.webp", "c": "Ali Zifan · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/mothers-of-emperors/e/mothers-of-emperors/t-regene-khatun/": {"t": "Töregene Khatun", "s": "Great Khatun and regent of the Mongol Empire."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/amu-darya/": {"t": "Amu Darya", "s": "Central Asia's historic Oxus, a river of borders and deserts.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/amu-darya.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Amu Darya · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/ancient-cities/e/ancient-cities/karakorum/": {"t": "Karakorum", "s": "Ancient capital of the Mongol Empire", "i": "https://codexery.com/ancient-cities/img/ancient-cities/karakorum.webp", "c": "The British Library · No restrictions"}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/kingdom-of-georgia/": {"t": "Kingdom of Georgia", "s": "Medieval Christian empire spanning the Caucasus and beyond."}, "https://codexery.com/countries-and-territories/e/countries-and-territories/georgia-country/": {"t": "Georgia (country)", "s": "A country at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, with ancient winemaking traditions and a pro-Western trajectory."}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/abaqa-khan/": {"t": "Abaqa Khan", "s": "Second Ilkhan of the Ilkhanate, reigned 1265–1282."}, "https://codexery.com/ilkhanate/e/ilkhanate/yoshmut/": {"t": "Yoshmut", "s": "Ilkhanate prince and son of Hulagu, active in campaigns and frontier defense."}, "https://codexery.com/ilkhanate/e/ilkhanate/pir-huseyn-khanqah/": {"t": "Pir Huseyn Khanqah", "s": "Fortified 13th-century khanqah and tomb of Pir Husayn.", "i": "https://codexery.com/ilkhanate/img/ilkhanate/pir-huseyn-khanqah.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Pir Huseyn Khanqah · see source"}, "/e/oirats/kharkhul/": {"t": "Kharkhul", "s": "Choros taishi who united the Four Oirats against the Altan Khanate."}, "/e/oirats/khoshut-khanate/": {"t": "Khoshut Khanate", "s": "Mongol Oirat khanate on the Tibetan Plateau, 1642–1717."}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/e/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/kazakh-khanate/": {"t": "Kazakh Khanate", "s": "Nomadic state that emerged from the fragmentation of the Golden Horde.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/img/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/kazakh-khanate.webp", "c": "Акылбек Агыс · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/syr-darya/": {"t": "Syr Darya", "s": "Central Asian river, historically the Jaxartes, vital for irrigation.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/rivers/syr-darya.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Syr Darya · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/e/asian-cities/tashkent/": {"t": "Tashkent", "s": "The Stone City at the Crossroads of Cultures", "i": "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/img/asian-cities/tashkent.webp", "c": "Sneedicture · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/e/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/khanate-of-bukhara/": {"t": "Khanate of Bukhara", "s": "The Khanate of Bukhara was an Uzbek monarchy that existed in Central Asia from 1501 to 1785.", "i": "https://codexery.com/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/img/medieval-and-early-modern-asian-empires/khanate-of-bukhara.webp", "c": "Fabienkhan · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/russian-cities/e/russian-cities/barnaul/": {"t": "Barnaul", "s": "The silver capital of Siberia, where history and industry meet the Ob River."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-l/e/cities-starting-with-l/lhasa/": {"t": "Lhasa", "s": "High-altitude capital of Tibet, center of Buddhist culture and history."}, "/e/oirats/lama-dorji/": {"t": "Lama Dorji", "s": "Eldest son of Galdan Tseren and ruler of the Dzungar Khanate."}, "https://codexery.com/founders-and-unifiers-of-asian-dynasties/e/founders-and-unifiers-of-asian-dynasties/ablai-khan/": {"t": "Ablai Khan", "s": "Khan of the Middle Jüz and last independent Kazakh Khan"}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/capitals/beijing/": {"t": "Beijing", "s": "The world's most populous national capital, blending millennia of history with cutting-edge innovation."}, "https://codexery.com/marriage-and-kinship/e/marriage-and-kinship/marriage-of-convenience/": {"t": "Marriage of convenience", "s": "A marriage for reasons other than love or commitment."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/volga/": {"t": "Volga", "s": "Europe's longest river, flowing through Russia into the Caspian Sea."}, "/e/oirats/bayads/": {"t": "Bayads", "s": "Third largest Mongol subgroup and Oirat tribe."}, "/e/oirats/dawachi/": {"t": "Dawachi", "s": "Last ruler of the Dzungar Khanate, defeated by Qing forces in 1755."}, "https://codexery.com/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/e/indigenous-peoples-of-the-world/manchu-people/": {"t": "Manchu people", "s": "Tungusic people who founded the Qing dynasty of China."}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/uyghurs/": {"t": "Uyghurs", "s": "Turkic ethnic group native to the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwest China"}, "https://codexery.com/former-empires/e/former-empires/nomadic-empire/": {"t": "Nomadic empire", "s": "Non-sedentary polities built by horse-riding nomads on the Eurasian Steppe."}, "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/e/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/eight-banners/": {"t": "Eight Banners", "s": "Administrative and military divisions of the Later Jin and Qing dynasties.", "i": "https://codexery.com/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasti/img/early-modern-state-formation-and-dynasties/eight-banners.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Eight Banners · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/diseases-and-conditions/e/diseases-and-conditions/smallpox/": {"t": "Smallpox", "s": "Eradicated viral disease that killed hundreds of millions."}, "https://codexery.com/housing-furniture/e/housing-and-furniture/yurt/": {"t": "Yurt", "s": "Portable round tent of Inner Asian nomads"}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/confucianism/": {"t": "Confucianism", "s": "A system of thought emphasizing virtue, harmony, and familial responsibility."}, "https://codexery.com/crime-justice/e/crime-and-justice/dehumanization/": {"t": "Dehumanization", "s": "Dehumanization denies full humanity and moral concern to others."}, "https://codexery.com/rebellions-in-the-qing-dynasty/e/rebellions-in-the-qing-dynasty/revolt-of-the-altishahr-khojas/": {"t": "Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas", "s": "A Qing-era uprising led by the Khoja brothers in Xinjiang."}, "https://codexery.com/founders-and-unifiers-of-asian-dynasties/e/founders-and-unifiers-of-asian-dynasties/altan-khan/": {"t": "Altan Khan", "s": "Leader of the Tümed Mongols, unifier of a tribal league, and patron of Tibetan Buddhism."}, "/e/oirats/dzungar-genocide/": {"t": "Dzungar genocide", "s": "Qing-ordered extermination of the Dzungar Oirat confederation."}, "https://codexery.com/chinese-emperors-and-leaders/e/chinese-emperors-and-leaders/jingtai-emperor/": {"t": "Jingtai Emperor", "s": "Seventh Ming emperor who restored infrastructure and was overthrown."}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/joseon/": {"t": "Joseon", "s": "A dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years, founded in 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in 1897."}, "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-isthmuses/e/peninsulas-and-isthmuses/liaodong-peninsula/": {"t": "Liaodong Peninsula", "s": "Strategic peninsula in Northeast China, site of major wars.", "i": "https://codexery.com/peninsulas-and-isthmuses/img/peninsulas-and-isthmuses/liaodong-peninsula.webp", "c": "Gary Todd from Xinzheng, China · CC0"}, "/e/oirats/queen-anu/": {"t": "Queen Anu", "s": "Dzungar queen consort who died leading a counterattack at Jao Modo."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/e/rivers-and-lakes/irtysh/": {"t": "Irtysh", "s": "Longest tributary river in the world, flowing through three countries.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/img/rivers-and-lakes/irtysh.webp", "c": "Sibom · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/imam/": {"t": "Imam", "s": "Islamic leadership role with differing Sunni and Shia interpretations."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/e/asian-cities/taraz/": {"t": "Taraz", "s": "Ancient Silk Road city and site of the Battle of Talas.", "i": "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/img/asian-cities/taraz.webp", "c": "Unknown · CC BY-SA 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/e/rivers-and-lakes/lake-baikal/": {"t": "Lake Baikal", "s": "World's deepest and oldest freshwater lake by volume.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-lakes/img/rivers-and-lakes/lake-baikal.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Lake Baikal · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/tulkus/e/tulkus/jebtsundamba-khutuktu/": {"t": "Jebtsundamba Khutuktu", "s": "Spiritual head of Gelug Buddhism in Mongolia and Bogd Gegeen.", "i": "https://codexery.com/tulkus/img/tulkus/jebtsundamba-khutuktu.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Jebtsundamba Khutuktu · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/e/asian-cities/ulaanbaatar/": {"t": "Ulaanbaatar", "s": "Coldest capital city; founded as a nomadic Buddhist monastery."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions/e/buddhist-traditions/dalai-lama/": {"t": "Dalai Lama", "s": "Spiritual head of Tibetan Buddhism and historical symbol of Tibetan unity."}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/e/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/kagyu/": {"t": "Kagyu", "s": "One of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism.", "i": "https://codexery.com/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/img/buddhist-traditions-and-concepts/kagyu.webp", "c": "Michael Eisenriegler · CC BY 2.0"}, "https://codexery.com/tulkus/e/tulkus/karmapa/": {"t": "Karmapa", "s": "Oldest incarnating lineage in Tibetan Buddhism, head of Karma Kagyu."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/aral-sea/": {"t": "Aral Sea", "s": "The southern remnant of the former Aral Sea, split into eastern and western basins.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/aral-sea.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Aral Sea · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/e/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/caspian-sea/": {"t": "Caspian Sea", "s": "The world's largest inland body of water, a brackish sea between Europe and Asia.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/img/rivers-and-seas-of-the-world/caspian-sea.webp", "c": "NASA · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/buddhist-cosmology/e/buddhist-cosmology/kalachakra/": {"t": "Kalachakra", "s": "A tantric tradition of time cycles and enlightened transformation."}, "https://codexery.com/rivers/e/rivers/salween-river/": {"t": "Salween River", "s": "A Southeast Asian river flowing from the Tibetan Plateau to the Andaman Sea, known for its rugged canyons, ecological diversity, and contested history.", "i": "https://codexery.com/rivers/img/rivers/salween-river.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Salween River · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/e/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church/": {"t": "Catholic Church", "s": "The largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.41 billion baptized members.", "i": "https://codexery.com/branches-of-christianity/img/branches-of-christianity/catholic-church.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Christianity by country · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/ethnic-indigenous-groups/e/ethnic-and-indigenous-groups/tatars/": {"t": "Tatars", "s": "Turkic-speaking peoples across Eastern Europe and Northern Asia."}, "https://codexery.com/cities/e/landmark-cities/moscow/": {"t": "Moscow", "s": "Capital of Russia, largest city in Europe, and a historic center of power and culture."}, "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/russo-ukrainian-war-2022-present/": {"t": "Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)", "s": "Largest war in Europe since World War II."}, "https://codexery.com/cold-war-conflicts/e/cold-war-conflicts/russo-ukrainian-war/": {"t": "Russo-Ukrainian war", "s": "The Russo-Ukrainian war is an ongoing conflict that began in February 2014."}, "https://codexery.com/plateaus-and-plains/e/plateaus-and-plains/tibetan-plateau/": {"t": "Tibetan Plateau", "s": "Largest and highest plateau in the world, sometimes called the 'Roof of the World'.", "i": "https://codexery.com/plateaus-and-plains/img/plateaus-and-plains/tibetan-plateau.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Plateau · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-rulers-of-asia/e/monarchs-and-rulers-of-asia/shunzhi-emperor/": {"t": "Shunzhi Emperor", "s": "Second Qing emperor and first to rule China proper.", "i": "https://codexery.com/monarchs-and-rulers-of-asia/img/monarchs-and-rulers-of-asia/shunzhi-emperor.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Shunzhi Emperor · see source"}, "/e/oirats/lha-bzang-khan/": {"t": "Lha-bzang Khan", "s": "Last Khoshut khan and Oirat ruler of Tibet."}, "https://codexery.com/yakshas/e/yakshas/vajrapani/": {"t": "Vajrapani", "s": "Bodhisattva of power, protector of the Buddha."}, "https://codexery.com/hindu-and-buddhist-masters/e/hindu-and-buddhist-masters/padmasambhava/": {"t": "Padmasambhava", "s": "Semi-legendary Indian master who established Vajrayana in Tibet."}, "https://codexery.com/islamic-concepts-and-practices/e/islamic-concepts-and-practices/sunni-islam/": {"t": "Sunni Islam", "s": "Largest branch of Islam, following the sunnah of Muhammad."}, "https://codexery.com/turkic-mythology/e/turkic-mythology/tengrism/": {"t": "Tengrism", "s": "Steppe belief system centered on the sky god Tengri."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-scripts/e/languages-and-scripts/uyghur-language/": {"t": "Uyghur language", "s": "Turkic language of Xinjiang, formerly called Turki or Eastern Turki."}, "/e/oirats/altai-uriankhai/": {"t": "Altai Uriankhai", "s": "Mongol tribe of the Altai Mountains, organized by the Qing."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/phonology/": {"t": "Phonology", "s": "Study of how languages organize sound and sign elements."}, "https://codexery.com/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/e/linguistic-concepts-and-phenomena/morphology-linguistics/": {"t": "Morphology (linguistics)", "s": "Study of word structure and formation in language."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-and-writing-systems/e/languages-and-writing-systems/russian-language/": {"t": "Russian language", "s": "An East Slavic language of the Indo-European family, native to Russia and widely spoken across Eurasia."}, "https://codexery.com/languages/e/languages/mandarin-chinese/": {"t": "Mandarin Chinese", "s": "Largest Sinitic language branch, basis of Standard Chinese.", "i": "https://codexery.com/languages/img/languages/mandarin-chinese.webp", "c": "via Wikipedia: Mandarin Chinese · see source"}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/arghun/": {"t": "Arghun", "s": "Fourth Ilkhanate ruler who sought European alliance against the Mamluks."}, "https://codexery.com/il-khan-emperors/e/il-khan-emperors/tekuder/": {"t": "Tekuder", "s": "Ilkhanate sultan who converted to Islam and sought peace with Mamluks."}, "https://codexery.com/ilkhanate/e/ilkhanate/jumghur/": {"t": "Jumghur", "s": "Son of Hulagu who died en route to Iran."}, "https://codexery.com/provinces-of-iran/e/provinces-of-iran/mazandaran-province/": {"t": "Mazandaran province", "s": "Iranian province on the Caspian Sea with rich history and natural resources."}, "https://codexery.com/cities-starting-with-m/e/cities-starting-with-m/mashhad/": {"t": "Mashhad", "s": "Second-largest Iranian city and major Shia pilgrimage center."}, "https://codexery.com/religious-traditions/e/religious-traditions/christianity/": {"t": "Christianity", "s": "World's largest religion, centered on Jesus Christ."}, "https://codexery.com/crusader-kings/e/factions/mamluks/": {"t": "Mamluk Sultanate", "s": "The slave-soldier sultanate of Egypt and Syria, 1250-1517."}, "https://codexery.com/iranian-cities/e/iranian-cities/hamadan/": {"t": "Hamadan", "s": "Ancient Iranian city, once capital of the Medes and Seljuks."}, "https://codexery.com/imperial-titles/e/imperial-titles/imperatritsa/": {"t": "Imperatritsa", "s": "Russian feminine imperial title, equivalent to empress."}, "https://codexery.com/sons-of-emperors/e/sons-of-emperors/chagatai-khan/": {"t": "Chagatai Khan", "s": "Second son of Genghis Khan, first khan of the Chagatai Khanate."}, "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/e/leaders/tolui/": {"t": "Tolui", "s": "Youngest son of Genghis Khan, regent of the Mongol Empire, and father of Möngke, Kublai, and Hulagu.", "i": "https://codexery.com/historical-figures/img/leaders/tolui.webp", "c": "Rashid-al-Din Hamadani · via Wikipedia: Tolui · Public domain"}, "https://codexery.com/fossils/e/fossils/thunderstone-folklore/": {"t": "Thunderstone (folklore)", "s": "Prehistoric tools and fossils believed to be thunderbolts."}, "/e/oirats/sart-kalmyks/": {"t": "Sart Kalmyks", "s": "Oirat group in Kyrgyzstan, largely assimilated into Kyrgyz culture."}, "https://codexery.com/languages-of-the-world/e/languages-of-the-world/turkic-languages/": {"t": "Turkic languages", "s": "The Turkic languages form a family of over 35 documented languages, spoken by Turkic peoples across a vast stretch of Eurasia—from Southeastern and Eastern Euro"}, "https://codexery.com/dynasties-and-kingdoms/e/dynasties-and-kingdoms/russian-empire/": {"t": "Russian Empire", "s": "Third-largest empire in history, spanning northern Eurasia."}, "/e/oirats/sart-kalmyk-language/": {"t": "Sart Kalmyk language", "s": "Endangered Oirat language of Kyrgyzstan's Sart Kalmyks."}, "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/e/asian-cities/bishkek/": {"t": "Bishkek", "s": "Capital of Kyrgyzstan, at the fringe of the Tian Shan mountains.", "i": "https://codexery.com/asian-cities/img/asian-cities/bishkek.webp", "c": "xiquinhosilva · CC BY 4.0"}, "https://codexery.com/fifa-world-cup/e/honours/soviet-union/": {"t": "Soviet Union", "s": "The world's flagship communist state and a superpower spanning Eurasia."}}