Albert Fish
Hamilton Howard "Albert" Fish was born on May 19, 1870, in Washington, D.C., to Randall Fish and Ellen Francis Howell. His father, an American of English descent, was 75 years old at the time of Albert’s birth—43 years older than his mother, who was Scots-Irish. Albert was the youngest of four surviving siblings: Walter, Annie, and Edwin. He chose the name "Albert" after a deceased sibling and to shed the nickname "Ham and Eggs," which he got at an orphanage where he spent much of his childhood.
Mental illness ran in Fish’s family. An uncle had mania, a brother was committed to a state mental hospital, a paternal half-brother had schizophrenia, and a sister was described as having a "mental affliction." Three other relatives were diagnosed with mental disorders, and his mother experienced auditory or visual hallucinations. On October 16, 1875, Fish’s father—a fertilizer manufacturer and former riverboat captain—died of a heart attack at the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station. His mother then placed him in Saint John’s Orphanage in Washington, where he was frequently beaten. Over time, Fish began to enjoy the pain from these beatings. By 1880, his mother had secured a government job and removed him from the orphanage.
At age 12, in 1882, Fish began a relationship with a telegraph boy who introduced him to drinking urine and eating feces. He started spending weekends at public baths, watching other boys undress. Throughout his life, he wrote obscene letters to women whose names he found in classified ads and from matrimonial agencies.
By 1890, at age 20, Fish moved to New York City, where he worked as a male prostitute and began molesting and raping boys, most under six years old. In 1898, his mother arranged his marriage to Anna Mary Hoffman, who was nine years younger. They had six children: Albert, Anna, Gertrude, Eugene, John, and Henry. In 1903, Fish was arrested for embezzlement, convicted, and sent to Sing Sing Prison.
Fish later described an incident where a male lover took him to a wax museum; there, he became fascinated by a bisected human penis and grew obsessed with sexual mutilation. Around 1910, while working in Wilmington, Delaware, he met 19-year-old Thomas Bedden. Fish took Bedden to his lodging, and they began a sadomasochistic relationship—whether Bedden consented is unclear, but Fish later implied Bedden was intellectually disabled. After ten days, Fish brought Bedden to an old farmhouse and tortured him for two weeks. He eventually tied Bedden up and cut off half his penis. "I shall never forget his scream or the look he gave me," Fish recalled. He had planned to kill Bedden, cut up the body, and take it home, but feared the hot weather would cause a smell. Instead, he poured peroxide on the wound, wrapped it in a Vaseline-coated handkerchief, left a $10 bill, kissed Bedden goodbye, and left. "Took first train I could get back home. Never heard what become of him, or tried to find out," Fish said.
In January 1917, Fish’s wife left him for John Straube, a handyman who boarded with the family. Fish then raised their children alone. After his arrest, he told a newspaper that his wife had taken nearly everything they owned. Around this time, Fish began having auditory hallucinations; he once wrapped himself in a carpet, claiming he was following instructions from John the Apostle. He also started embedding needles into his groin and abdomen. X-rays after his arrest showed at least 29 needles lodged in his pelvic region. He hit himself with a nail-studded paddle and inserted wool soaked in lighter fluid into his anus, then set it on fire. Though Fish never physically attacked his own children, he encouraged them and their friends to paddle his buttocks with the same nail-studded paddle.
Around 1919, Fish stabbed an intellectually disabled boy in Georgetown. He often targeted people who were mentally disabled or African-American, later explaining he assumed they would not be missed. He claimed he sometimes paid boys to find other children for him. Fish tortured, mutilated, and murdered young children using what he called his "implements of Hell": a meat cleaver, a butcher knife, and a small handsaw. On July 11, 1924, he found 8-year-old Beatrice Kiel pl—[the source text cuts off here].
Fish was a suspect in at least ten murders, though he confessed to only three that police could link to a known homicide. He also admitted to stabbing at least two other people. He once boasted that he "had children in every state" and at one point claimed about 100 victims. It is unclear whether he meant rapes or cannibalizations, or whether the statement was true. Fish was arrested on December 13, 1934, and tried for the kidnapping and murder of Grace Budd. He was convicted and executed by electric chair on January 16, 1936, at age 65.
Lore & Background
Fish was his family's youngest child and had three living siblings: Walter, Annie and Edwin. He wished to be known as "Albert" after a dead sibling and to escape the nickname "Ham and Eggs" that he was given at an orphanage in which he spent much of his childhood. Fish's family had a history of mental illness. His uncle had mania, one of his brothers was confined in a state mental hospital, a paternal half-brother suffered from schizophrenia and his sister was diagnosed with a "mental affliction". Three other relatives were diagnosed with mental illnesses, and his mother had "aural and/or visual hallucinations". However, Fish began to enjoy the physical pain brought by the beatings. Fish began visiting public baths where he could watch other boys undress, spending a great portion of his weekends on these visits. Throughout his life, he would write obscene letters to women whose names he acquired from classified advertising and matrimonial agencies.
Reader's Guide
Albert Fish's significance lies in his extreme and varied criminal acts, including serial murder, rape, child molestation, and cannibalism, which have made him a notorious figure in the history of American crime. His case highlights the challenges of investigating and prosecuting serial offenders in the early 20th century, as well as the difficulties in verifying a perpetrator's claims about the number and nature of their crimes. His trial and execution for the murder of Grace Budd drew public attention to the vulnerabilities of children and the need for improved law enforcement methods. The case continues to be studied by criminologists and historians as an example of extreme psychopathy and the limits of the justice system in dealing with such offenders.
Did You Know?
- Fish was known by multiple aliases including the Gray Man, Werewolf of Wysteria, Brooklyn Vampire, Moon Maniac, and Boogey Man.
- After his arrest, X-rays revealed that Fish had at least twenty-nine needles lodged in his pelvic region from self-harm.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is Albert Fish?
Hamilton Howard "Albert" Fish was an American serial killer active in the 1920s and early 1930s, responsible for the murders of at least three children. He is widely regarded as one of the most disturbing and infamous criminals in U.S. criminal history.
What nicknames was Albert Fish known by?
Over the years, Fish accumulated a string of terrifying aliases including the Gray Man, the Werewolf of Wysteria, the Brooklyn Vampire, the Moon Maniac, and the Boogey Man. These names reflected both his physical appearance and the horror his crimes inspired in the public.
Why is Albert Fish important in the study of notorious criminals?
His case remains a landmark in American criminal history because of the extreme brutality of his offenses, the long span of time he operated undetected, and his confessions to additional stabbings beyond the three confirmed murders. He is frequently cited in true-crime literature as one of the most psychologically complex and horrifying serial offenders of the 20th century.
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